1. The word "connectivity" may refer to the
several meanings in day to day life.
Generally, it may refer to the connection
between two or more things or virtues
2. A connected graph is an undirected graph
that has a path between every pair of
vertices
3. A connected graph with at least 3 vertices is
1-connected if the removal of 1 vertex
disconnects the graph
4.
5. A bi-connected graph is a connected graph in
which there exist two vertices for which
there are two disjoint paths between these
two vertices.
6. The connected graph is said to be
a undirected graph which has at least one
path between each pair of vertices.
7. A graph is connected when there is a path
between every pair of vertices. In a
connected graph, there are
no unreachable vertices. A graph that is not
connected is disconnected.
A graph G is said to be disconnected if there
exist two nodes in G such that no path in G
has those nodes as endpoints.
A graph with just one vertex is connected.
An edgeless graph with two or more vertices
is disconnected.
8. In the area of information and technology,
the connectivity may refer to internet
connectivity by which various individual
computers, cell phones and LANs can be
connected to global Internet.
9. In mathematics and computer
science, connectivity is one of the basic
concepts of graph theory: It is closely related
to the theory of network flow problems. The
connectivity of a graph is an important
measure of its resilience as a network.
10. An undirected graph is connected if
there is a path between every pair of
distinct vertices in the graph.
Connected component:
maximal connected subgraph. (An
unconnected graph will have several
component)
12. A cut vertex separates one connected
component into several components if it is
removed.
OR
Cut vertices are vertices that produce a
subgraph with more connected components
when removed from a graph (and all incident
edges to it). Removing a cut vertex v in in a
connected graph G will make G disconnected.
13. A cut edge separates one connected
component into two components if it is
removed
OR
Cut edges or bridges are edges that
produce a subgraph with more connected
components when removed from a graph.
Removing a cut edge (u; v) in a connected
graph G will make G disconnected
14. .Find the cut vertices and cut edges in the
graph G.
Sol:
cut edges: cut vertices:
{a, b}, {c, e} b, c, e
b
a
c
d
e h
gf
G
15. An directed graph is connected if there is
a path is directional between every pair
of distinct vertices in the graph.
16. Def. 4: A directed graph is strongly connected if
there is a path from a to b for any two vertices a,
b.
17. A directed graph is weakly connected if there is
a path between every two vertices in the
underlying undirected graphs.
18. Definition:
, G1 and G2 are isomorphic if their vertices can
be ordered in such a way that the adjacency
matrices MG1
and MG2
are identical.
Function of isomorphic graph like f(G) is called
an isomorphism.
19. Properties that two isomorphic simple graphs
must both have they must have :
• the same number of vertices,
• the same number of edges, and
• the same degrees of vertices.
20. Def.
G=(V, E) : simple graph, V={v1,v2,…,vn}. (Order doesn't matter)
A matrix A is called the adjacency matrix of G
if A=[aij]nn , where aij = 1, if {vi,vj}E,
0, otherwise.
Editor's Notes
Note:
There are n! different adjacency matrices for a graph with n vertices.
The adjacency matrix of an undirected graph is symmetric.
aii = 0 (simple matrix has no loop.