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デジタルシネマ・サバイバル・ハンドブック




               Part.   2
そして映画は
ゼロ年に至る
1.前回までのあらすじ

 フィルムからデジタルは、「映画メディアの必然」


          見えない映画のサイクル

    観客    内容を共時作業で深化→作家のひらめき
    興行師
    技術者    ブーム   スタイル   ジャンル

    欲望→技術→技法→作品
                         批評
               プロシューマー
      業界人(クリエーター)
2.リバースエンジニアリング




 How?(どのようにして) → Why?(なぜ)


   映画史を今に生かすためのアプローチ
3.映像史と映画史の連続性

    絵画/写真/映像                      映画             ヴィジュアルアート



 image → moving image → motion picture → cinema → visual arts




デジタル黎明期との相似性

同時多発的、技術のイノベーションとブレイクスルー
映画を複製芸術=工業製品(マテリアル)と考える
4.聖と俗、欲望の眼差し(古代、中世)

            俗
        個(共同体)のまなざし

           物語/伝説

         表現の表出/対話


            聖
        神(教会)のまなざし

           物語/神話

         表現の手法/権威
5.魔法の幻灯機マジックランタン(17世紀)




          幻燈は悪魔を上映することによって、神を無視
          する者どもを正道に連れ戻すすぐれた手段である。

                 「光と影の大いなる術」(1646年)
           
6.ファンタスマゴリア(18世紀末)
7.スペクタクル(見世物)と万国博覧会(1851年)




      ロンドン万国博覧会 クリスタルパレス(水晶宮)



 鉄とガラスの大量生産(産業革命)

 世界を屋内に集めて観察・分類
          (植民地・進化論)

 啓蒙と見世物(偽善)

 余暇と観客(大衆化・世俗化)

 メディアの勃興
8.マイブリッジの連続写真(1872年)
9.ミレーの写真銃(1882年)
10.照射する眼差し




 ゾエトロープ(1860年代)     プラキシノスコープ(1877年)
11.テアトルオプティース(1888年)




       リボン状のフィルムと彩色
12.エジソンのキネトスコープ(1894年)




 1884年   コダック紙製ロールフィルム
 1889年   セルロイド製ロールフィルム
 1992年   ウィリアム・ディクソンが
       キネトグラフ(撮影機)に
       35mm 4パーフォレーション
       採用。エジソンは特許申請
 1994年  トーキーの実験
13.リュミエール兄弟 観客の発明(1895年)
14.イノベーションの爆発 フィルム編




                                            トーキー カラー
                                            トーキー カラー
                                            3D 70mmの開発
                                            3D 70mmの開発
  1600




         1700



                1800

                       1860



                              1870



                                     1880



                                            1890


                                                   1900
2010
15.イノベーションの爆発 デジタル編




                      2005
                      2000
                      1995
                      1991
アート
        CINEMA




ビジネス
MOVIE
HNOLOGY?
LOST TEC
我等の内なる
ハリウッド
映画と言えば、ハリウッド

ハリウッドは、夢の工場

100年以上続くソフト集積産業地

アカデミー賞の正式名称は、
 “映画芸術科学アカデミー賞”

ハリウッド映画は芸術性の高いビジネス
複製可能芸術
レンタル商法と海賊版対策

製作=配給=興行
垂直統合モデル

エジソントラストを逃れた
独立系がハリウッドをつくる
独占禁止法のトラウマと日本の脅威が
映画のデジタル革命を起こした

ハイビジョン戦争
ビデオ戦争
Blu-ray戦争
DCI規格
DCP(デジタル・シネマ・パッケージ)

VPF(ヴァーチャル・プリント・フィー)

ホームエンターテイメント部門
(ヴィデオ、ゲーム)


デジタル化による
新たな垂直統合モデル
イメージコントロールの帝国
       長編映画の誕生とメディアとしてのスター

       『國民の創生』(1915)




スタジオシステム
大量生産される工業製品としての映画
規格化とクオリティ・コントロール

プロデューサー制度

パターンとしてのシナリオ
撮影 マスターショット
素材としての撮影と演技
3ポイント照明
ファイナルカット

最新鋭の技術で保守的な作品
自主検閲(ヘイズ・コード)

世界をひとつの場所に集める
逆説的に多様化を生み出す

コントロール(制限)がスタイル(形式美)を生み出す
Hitchcock Welles

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