WELCOME

Harnessing of Agricultural Crop Residues for Hydrogen
energy production: An overview
Presented By- Rupal Jain
Ph.D Scholar at department of Renewable Energy Engineering,
Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Raj.)
"Innovative Approaches in Agriculture, Horticulture & Allied
Sciences (IAAHAS-2023)"
3rd International Conference
On
At
SGT UNIVERSITY, GURUGRAM, HARYANA
Organized by

Introduction
 Due to its agrarian economy, India has a very high potential for
agricultural waste biomass (about 700 metric tonnes annually).
 Farmers often burn agricultural wastes in open fields to clear the
ground for sowing rather than utilizing them for energy recovery.
 As a result of the emission of particulate matter and the buildup of
inorganic salts in soils, respectively, the quality of the air and soil
deteriorates, having a negative impact on human health.
 Biomass has huge potential for energy production, and it can be
converted to more suitable other energy forms through various
technologies, i.e., gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, etc.

Conti…
 Nowadays, bio-hydrogen production is getting increased attention due
to its clean burning feature and eco-friendly production process.
 Any kind of organic feedstock can be employed for the production of
hydrogen energy.
 Bio-hydrogen can be produced either through a thermochemical or
biochemical route.
 Along with the harnessing of solid organic waste, biochemical
methodologies can also be employed with organic effluent streams.
 Along with the production of energy, efficient disposal of organic
waste can be achieved through these conversion technologies.

Routes of bio-hydrogen production
Bio-hydrogen
Thermochemical
Process
Gasification Pyrolysis
Hydrothermal
liquefaction
Biochemical
Process
Photofermen
-tation
Dark
fermentation

Thermochemical Methods
1. Gassification
 Thermochemical conversion of solid
biomass into a gaseous fuel
 Partial combustion
 Producer gas produced
 A mixture of various gases
 Calorific value 950-1200 kcal/m3
 Temperature required- 900-1200 °C
Composition percentage
N2 45-55 %
CO2 9-12 %
H2 13-19 %
CO 18-22 %
CH4 1-5 %
Water vapour 4 %

2. Pyrolysis
 Thermochemical decomposition of biomass
 Absence of air
 Resultant product-
 Solid- Char
 Liquid-Biofuel
 Non-condensable gases
 Temperature required –
400-600 °C
 Peak temperature can be
up to 1000 °C if production
of gas is of primary interest

3. Hydrothermal Liquefaction
 Supercritical or subcritical water media
 Critical pressure (Pc) 22.1 MPa
 Temperature (Tc) 374 °C
 Avoids the need for dry feedstock
 Suitable for numerous biomass
feedstock with large amounts
of moisture
 Good gasification efficacy
and H2 selectivity are obtained

Biochemical Methods
1. Photo Fermentation
 Anaerobic digestion
 Absence of air
 Presence of sunlight
 Photosynthetic microbes- purple non-sulfur bacteria
 Required large surface area
 Process failure due to absence
of sunlight

2. Dark Fermentation
 Anaerobic digestion
 Absence of air
 Absence of sunlight
 Carbohydrate rich substrate
 Effluent rich in VFAs
 Utilization of organic liquid
stream
 COD removal efficiency
 Clostridium sp., E. aerogenes,
Thermoanaerobacterium
thermosaccharolyticum

THANK
YOU