peltier effect peltier module

1. PELTIER EFFECT
INTRODUCTION
FUTURE SCOPE
WHY SOLAR ENERGY
With recent development taking place in field of thermoelectric and Nano science
different thermoelectric material with high temperature difference to be explored this
will further help to reduce the temperature, current below and can also perform
better at higher ambient conditions.
To improve the power retention in this thermoelectric cooler sandwich heater needs
to be explored with quick switching mechanism from thermoelectric cell off state of
heater to on state, so that temperature drop in thermoelectric cell can be reduced.
Conventional cooling systems such as those used in refrigerators utilize a compressor
and a working fluid to transfer heat. Thermal energy is absorbed and released as the
working Fluid undergoes expansion and compression and changes phase from liquid
to vapour and back, respectively.
Semiconductor thermoelectric coolers (also known as peltier coolers) offer several
advantages over conventional systems. They are entirely solid-state devices, with no
moving parts; this makes them rugged, reliable, and quiet. They use no ozone depleting
chlorofluorocarbons, potentially offering a more environmentally responsible
alternative to conventional refrigeration2. They can be extremely compact, much more
so than compressor-based systems.Precise temperature control (< ± 0.1 °C) can be
achieved with Peltier effect.
STUDY OF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERASTIC OFAPPLICATION OF PELTIER EFFECT WITH SOLAR HYBRID
WATER COOLER & HEATER
Riya,Varun Pratap Singh
Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering Roorkee, College Of Engineering Roorkee,Roorkee
 The World Bank reports that
one-third of Indian businesses
believe that unreliable
electricity is one of the primary
impediments to doing business.
In addition, coal shortages are
further straining power
generation capabilities.
 Sustainable energy resource.
 Simplicity of operation.
 Energy reaching the earth is
incredible. By one calculation,
30 days of sunshine striking the
Earth have the energy
equivalent of the total of all the
planet’s fossil fuels, both used
and unused.
SPECIFICATIONS OF TEC
Peltier Effect is an effect whereby heat
is given out or absorbed when an
electric current passes across a
junction between two dissimilar
materials. The cooling effect of Peltier
heat pumps can be used to extract
water from the air in dehumidifiers. A
Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric
heat pump is a solid-state active heat
pump which transfers heat from one
side of the device to the other, with
consumption of electric energy
depending on the direction of the
current. Such an instrument is also
called a Peltier device, Peltier heat
pump, solid state refrigerator, or
thermoelectric cooler (TEC).
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The thermoelectric cooling works on Peltier Effect. The Peltier Effect States that when
voltage is applied between two ends of electrode, which is connected to semiconducting
material creates the temperature difference which will cause Material to diffuse from hot side
to cold side. When current is flowing through two junctions then surface may heated up or
cooled down as per the requirement.
EXPEERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
This paper presents experimental explorations on cooling performance of
thermoelectric chillers being driven by solar cells, as well as comparison results to the
performance being driven by fixed direct current. Solar energy is clear and limitless
and can be collected by solar cells. We use solar cells to drive thermoelectric chillers,
where the cold side is connected to the water tank. It is found that 250 mL of water can
be cooled from 18.5°C to 13°C, where the corresponding coefficient of performance
(COP) is changed between 0.55 and 1.05, when solar insulation is changed between
450 W/m2 and 1000 W/m2. The experimental results demonstrate that the
thermoelectric cooler driven by solar cell is feasible and effective for energy saving
issues.
It is found that the energy efficiency of solar cell is about 10% to 25%. Based on the
calculations of the solar cell modules made in laboratory, cadmium telluride (CdTe)
has shown that it can provide the minimum cost per unit electrical energy, whereas
amorphous silicon (a-Si)/nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) can provide the minimum cost
for unit electrical energy when commercial availability of solar modules is concerned.
Copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) can achieve the lowest capitalized cost over
all other solar cell technologiesThe hybrid solar system is superior to traditional PV
systems with 30% higher output electric power.
GENERAL LAYOUT OF SOLAR HYBRID THERMOELECTRIC
MODULE
The thermoelectric
cooling works on
Peltier Effect. The
Peltier Effect States
that when voltage is
applied between two
ends of electrode,
which is connected to
semiconducting
material creates the
temperature difference
which will cause
Material to diffuse from
hot side to cold side.
When current is
flowing through two
junctions then surface
may heated up or
cooled down as per the
requirement.
Product TEC-12706
Operational voltage 12V DC
Current max 6 Amp
Voltage max 15.4 V
Power max 92.4
Power nominal 60
Couples 127
Dimensions 40 x 40 x 3.5 mm

6.  The World Bank reports that one-third of Indian businesses believe that unreliable electricity is one of the primary
impediments to doing business. In addition, coal shortages are further straining power generation capabilities.
 Sustainable energy resource.
 No-pollution by reducing greenhouse gases – responsible for increasing global warming on earth and no-noise.
 Simplicity of operation.
 Energy reaching the earth is incredible. By one calculation, 30 days of sunshine striking the Earth have the energy
equivalent of the total of all the planet’s fossil fuels, both used and unused.

7. INTRODUCTION UTILIZATION OF SOLAR
ENERGY
BACKGROUND
FUTURE WORK
WHY SOLAR ENERGY
 The World Bank reports that one-third
of Indian businesses believe that
unreliable electricity is one of the
primary impediments to doing
business. In addition, coal shortages are
further straining power generation
capabilities.
 Sustainable energy resource.
 No-pollution by reducing greenhouse
gases – responsible for increasing
global warming on earth and no-noise.
 Simplicity of operation.
 Only upfront investment, free power
later.
 Hedge against increasing conventional
power tariffs.
 Energy reaching the earth is incredible.
By one calculation, 30 days of sunshine
striking the Earth have the energy
equivalent of the total of all the planet’s
fossil fuels, both used and unused.
Solar
Energy
Solar
Pond
Solar Air
Heater
Parabolic
Trough
Reflector
Solar
Cells
Solar
Updraft
Tower
Solar
Dish
Collector
 India had an installed solar power
capacity of 1700 MW in 2007 which
amounted to roughly 1% of its total
power generation of 130,000 MW.
 India is currently ranked 7th in the world
in Solar PV cell production
 India is a tropical country rich in
sunlight, solar energy offers the most
practicable solution to overcoming
growing energy demand. The daily
average solar energy incident over India
varies from 4-7 kWh per square meter,
depending upon the location.
 India the only country in the world with
an independent Ministry for renewable
energy, known as the Ministry of New
and Renewable Energy [MNRE].
 The National Solar Mission was launched on the
11th January, 2010 by the Prime Minister. The
Mission has set the ambitious target of deploying
20,000 MW of grid connected solar power by 2022
is aimed at reducing the cost of solar power
generation in the country through (i) long term
policy; (ii) large scale deployment goals; (iii)
aggressive R&D; and (iv) domestic production of
critical raw materials, components and products,
as a result to achieve grid tariff parity by 2022.
Mission will create an enabling policy framework
to achieve this objective and make India a global
leader in solar energy.
 Further, Government has revised the target of Grid
Connected Solar Power Projects from 20,000 MW
by the year 2021-22 to 100,000 MW by the year
2021-22 under the National Solar Mission and it
was approved by Cabinet on 17th June 2015.
List of Ministry of New And
Renewable Energy(MNRE) latest
project scheme:-
 Solar Park Scheme
 CPSU Scheme
 VGF Scheme (750 MW)
 VGF Scheme (2000 MW)
 VGF Scheme (5000 MW)
 Canal Bank / Canal Top
Scheme
 Defence Scheme
• Renewable energy is sustainable as it is obtained from sources that are inexhaustible (unlike
fossil fuels).
• It’s sources include wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and hydro, all of which occur naturally the
future of our children the future of our planet it's in OUR hands that's why Energy Matter.
• Generally speaking, it is clean energy and non-polluting. Many forms do not emit any
greenhouse gases or toxic waste in the process of producing electricity. It is a sustainable energy
source that can be relied on for the long-term.
• It is cost-effective and efficient. The challenge of climate change has impelled many nations to
set a renewable energy target.
POTENTIAL AND APPLICATION OF SOLAR ENERGY IN INDIA
Karan Jotwani, Himanshu, Saini, Mayank Chauhan, Karishma Jotwani, Seema Negi, Sarita Kulsari, Varun Pratap Singh
Solar Energy Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering Roorkee, Roorkee
 India attains global 4th and 6th position in global Wind and Solar Power installed
capacity.
 By November 2017, a total of 62 GW Renewable Power installed, of which 27 GW
installed since May 2014 and 11.79 GW since January 2017.
 Historic Low Tariffs for Solar (Rs. 2.44/ unit) and Wind (Rs. 2.64/ unit) achieved
through transparent bidding and facilitation .
 Ambitious Bidding Trajectory for 100 GW capacity of Solar Energy and 60 GW
capacity of Wind over the next 3 years laid down.
PRESENT SCENARIO