Comparison between the following exceptions in the Arab World: (1) compulsory translation licenses, (2) private copying, (3) performance by nonprofit, (4) reproduction of articles by the media, and (5) communication to the public works permanently displayed in public.
*Thanks to Pierre El Khoury in helping collect the data for this presentation.*
2. The Arab World
Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros,
Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan,
Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya,
Mauritania, Morocco, Oman,
Palestine, Qatar, Saudi
Arabia, Somalia, Sudan,
Syria, Tunisia, United Arab
Emirates, and Yemen.
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3. - Compulsory translation license
- Copying for a private use
- Performance by a nonprofit
- Reproducing full articles by the media
- Communicating to the public a work permanently displayed in
public
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5. Jordan
Any Jordanian citizen has the right to obtain a non-
restricted and non-assigned to others permit by the
minister or whomever he delegates , to translate any
foreign product published in a printed or any other
form to the Arabic language, and to publish this
translation in a printed and any other similar form,
three years after the date of the publication of this
product, and provided that a translation thereof was not
published in Jordan by the owner of the right to
translate or with his consent, or in the event of the
exhaustion of the translated copies.
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6. Egypt
The protection of an author’s copyright and the
translation rights of his work into another language
shall lapse with regards to the translation of that work
into the Arabic language, unless the author or the
translator himself exercises this right directly or
through a third party within three years of the date of
first publication of the original or translated work.
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7. Copying for
a private
use
YES NO
17 1
Bahrain, Iraq,
Lebanon, Libya,
Morocco, Sudan,
Syria, Algeria,
Djibouti, Egypt,
Jordan, Kuwait,
Qatar, Saudi, Tunisia,
UAE, Yemen
Oman
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8. Libya
The author may not prevent a person making one
copy of a published work for his own use.
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9. Morocco
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 above, and subject to
those in the second paragraph of this Article, it shall be permitted,
without the authorization of the author or payment of a fee, to
reproduce a lawfully published work solely for the private use of the
user.
The provisions of the previous paragraph shall not apply to: (a) the
reproduction of architectural works in the form of buildings or other
similar constructions; (b) the reprographic reproduction of a whole
book or a musical work in graphical form (scores); (c) the reproduction
of the whole or parts of databases in digital form; (d) the reproduction of
computer programs apart from in the cases specified in Article 21
below; (e) any other reproduction of a work which appears to hamper the
normal use of the work or would unjustifiably prejudice the author’s
legitimate interests.
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11. Oman
Public performance of a dramatic, musical or
dramatic musical, choreographic, pantomime works
or any other work, created for dramatic
performance, if: (a) Religious ceremonies to the extent
justified by the nature of these celebrations. (b)
Purposes of face-to-face learning activities in approved
non-profit educational institutions, in classrooms or
similar places dedicated to education. In both cases,
it is provided not to obtain, directly or indirectly, any
financial gain.
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12. Sudan
Musical bands belonging to the People’s Armed Forces,
the Police, the People’s Local Government Councils
and school theatres may play, act perform or exhibit
any work after the publication thereof, provided that
no money consideration shall be made therefrom.
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13. Reproducing
articles by the
media
YES NO
13 5
Syria, Tunisia, Libya,
Morocco, Sudan,
Algeria, Djibouti,
Jordan, Kuwait,
Qatar, Saudi, UAE,
Yemen
Oman, Bahrain, Iraq,
Lebanon, Egypt.
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14. Morocco
It shall be permitted, without the author’s
authorization or payment of a fee, but subject to the
obligation to indicate the source and author’s name,
where this name appears in the source, to [...]
reproduce in the press, broadcast or communicate to
the public an economic, political or religious article
published in journals or periodical collections of the
same nature, provided that the right of reproduction,
broadcasting or public communication is not expressly
reserved;
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15. Oman
Reproduction, broadcasting, or making available to
the public by the press of portions of articles published
in newspapers or periodicals on current economic,
political, or religious topics and of broadcast works
of the same character, in cases in which the
reproduction, broadcasting, or such communication
thereof is not expressly reserved for the right owner at
the time of publication.
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16. Communicating
to the public
works
permanently
displayed in
public
YES NO
9 9
Bahrain, Lebanon,
Egypt, Syria, Tunisia,
Morocco, Algeria,
Djibouti, UAE
Iraq, Libya, Sudan,
Jordan, Kuwait,
Qatar, Oman, Saudi,
Yemen
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17. Djibouti
The reproduction of works of art or of architecture
through cinematography or television and the
communication of such works to the public if such
works are permanently located in a place where they can
be viewed by the public or are included in the film or
program by way of background or as incidental to the
essential matters represented.
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18. Lebanon
The media shall be permitted, without the
authorization of the author and without obligation to
pay him compensation, to publish pictures of
architectural works, visual artistic works, photographic
works or works of applied art, provided that such
works are available in places open to the public.
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19. Morocco
It shall be permitted, without the author’s
authorization or payment of a fee, to republish,
broadcast or communicate to the public by cable an
image of a work of architecture, a work of fine art, a
photographic work, or a work of applied art which is
permanently located in a place open to the public, unless
the image of the work is the main subject of such a
reproduction, broadcast or communication and if it is
used for commercial purposes.
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