2. Form in the Classical Concerto First Movement : A combination of traditional ritornello practices with the principles of Sonata Form Part I : Orchestra: Ritornello (somewhat like an orchestral exposition, but stays in tonic) Part II : Soloist: Exposition (modulates) Part III : Orchestra: Ritornello (in new key) Part IV : Soloist: Development Part V : Soloist: Recapitulation (all in tonic) – combines elements from opening ritornello and solo Part VI : Orchestra: Closing Ritornello (interrupted by soloist’s cadenza) Second Movement : Slow, same formal conventions available to symphonic slow movement Third Movement : Almost always in Rondo Form

3. Hausmusik : Chamber Music in the Classical Era Mozart Family Della Croce Changing social attitudes, and the influence of Enlightenment thought created a new environment for musical study and music making in the 18 th century Music lessons became a standard part of a child’s education, in aristocratic as well as middle-class families Reading and performing music became a regular activity within families across the continent Piano Sonata Violin Sonata Piano Trio String Quartet String Quintet Songs

5. The String Quartet (Two Violins, Viola, Cello) A four-movement genre Movement 1 : Fast – Sonata Form Movement 2 : Slow – various forms Movement 3 : Minuet and Trio Movement 4 : Rondo/Sonata Form Originally the first violin dominated the texture, the other roles playing an accompanimental role Gradually, the genre evolved in the direction of greater equality amongst the parts – in particular, the cello emerges as a strong player

6. Formal Schemes for Multi-Movement Genres in the Classical Era Genres: Symphony Four Movements Concerto Three Movements Sonata Three Movements String Quartet (and Quintet) Four Movements Forms: Sonata Form First or last movements, also possible for slow movement Rondo Last movements Minuet and Trio Typical third movement of four- movement genre Possible middle or last movement of three-movement genre Theme and Variations Possible for any movement, especially first or last Wild Card Slow movement