matter in our surroundings

1. By : Nidhi Singh

2. Before the 20th century, the term matter included
ordinary matter composed of atoms,and excluded
other energy phenomena such as light or sound.
This concept of matter may be generalized from
atoms to include any objects having mass even
when at rest, but this is ambiguous because an
object's mass can arise from its (possibly-
massless) constituents' motion and interaction
energies. Thus, matter does not have a universal
definition, nor is it a fundamental concept, in
physics today. Matter is also used loosely as a
general term for the substance that makes up all
observable physical objects.Anything that occupies
space and has mass is known as matter.

3.  There are three states of Matter……
 Solid
 Liqiud
 Gas

4.  A large number of particles together
constitute matter.
 These particles are of very small size.
 Particles of matter have spaces among them.
 Particles of matter are in continuous motion
i.e. they possess kinetic energy.
 Particles of matter attract each other i.e. inter
particle forces of attraction or intermolecular
forces.

5.  They have a definite shape
 They have a definite mass
 They are highly rigid
 They can not flow
 They have a definite volume

7. They have a definite mass
 They don’t have a definite
shape
 They are less rigid
 They can flow
 They have no definate volume

8.  They have a definite mass
 They don’t have a definite
shape
 They are not rigid
 They don’t have a definite
volume
 They are not rigid

9.  When a liquid changes into vapour
at any temperature below its
boiling point at atmospheric
pressure it is known as
evaporation….

10. Sublimation is a change of state
directly from solid to vapour
without changing into liquid or
(vice versa) at atmospheric
pressure .

11. Latent means hidden. The energy
which is required to change 1kg
of solid into liquid at atmospheric
pressure to its melting point is
known as the latent heat of
fusion……