This document provides an overview of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining. It discusses conventional machining processes like lathes and milling machines and then focuses on CNC versions of these machines. It describes the coordinate systems used in CNC milling and lathes. The document also covers the two main modes of CNC programming: absolute and incremental. Finally, it discusses G-codes and M-codes used in CNC programming for milling and turning operations on lathes, along with examples of CNC programs.

1. CNC
(Computer Numerical Control)
Machining

2. Conventional Machining Processes

4. Lathe

5. Operations performed on lathe

10. Milling
Components of milling machine

11. Operations performed on milling machine

13. CNC Machines
CNC Lathe CNC Milling

14. CNC Machining

15. CNC Machine Coordinate
Systems

16. • Z-Axis along Spindle.(Z+ Gap Increase)
• X-Axis Horizontal and parallel to the work
holding surface to the right when viewed
from spindle towards column.(For vertical
Machines)
• Y-axis Apply R.H.S.
• X-Axis Horizontal and parallel to the work
holding surface when viewed from spindle
towards column.(For horizontal Machines)
COORDINATE SYSTEM: Milling Machine

18. COORDINATE SYSTEM: STANDARD
LATHE
• Z-Axis along main slide.
• X-Axis transverse to main slide.
• No Y-axis in Lathe.

19. Modes of CNC programming
Absolute Programming: In this mode, the
desired target position of the tool for a particular
move is given relative to the origin point of the
program.
Incremental Programming: In this mode, the
next target position for the tool is given relative to
the current tool position.

20. POINT Absolute incremental
1 (0,0) (0,0)
2 (70,0) (70,0)
3 (70,20) (0,20)
4 (40,20) (-30,0)
5 (40,50) (0,30)
6 (0,50) (0,-40)
70
20
30
30
40
(1) (2)
(3)
(5)
(6)
(4)
X
Y
For Milling

21. For Lathe

22. CNC programming for
milling
FANUC O series

23. Workpiece origin (Zero point) or
program starting point

24. G codes (Fanuc O series)

25. G codes in milling (Fanuc O series)
Common codes

26. M codes (Fanuc O series)

27. M codes in milling (Fanuc O series)

28. Example
Z-1

29. CNC programming for
lathe
FANUC O series

30. G codes in lathe (Fanuc O series)
Common codes
M codes are same for
milling and lathe

31. Workpiece origin (Zero point) or
program starting point

45. Practice example

46. THANK YOU