electrical engineering

1. GUIDED BY:-
Mr. Deepak Somani
Asst. Prof. EE
PRESENTED BY:-
Ravi kant
Roll no. :-12ECOEE020
A
TRAINING SEMINAR
ON
“GRID SUB-STATION”
SESSION 2015-16
Bachelor of Technology
In
Electrical Engineering
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2. CONTENTS
SUBSTATION.
TYPES OF SUB-STATION.
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM.
EQUIPMENT.
• Lightening Arrester.
• Isolator.
• CVT.
• Instrument Transformer.
a. Current Transformers.
b. Potential Transformers.
• Circuit Breaker.
• Bus bars.
• Transformer.
• Protective Relaying.
• DC Power Supply.
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3. SUB-STATION
• A substation is a part of an
electrical generation, transmission
and distribution system. Substations
transform voltage from high to low
or the reverse.
• Then that voltage we use in our
homes and industries etc.
Fig. SUB-STATION
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4. CLASSIFICATION OF SUB-STATION
• ACCORDING TO SERVICE REQUIRMENT.
a) Transformer sub-station.
b) Switching sub-station.
c) Power factor correction sub-station.
d) Frequency changer sub-station.
e) Converting sub-station.
• ACCORDING TO CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURE.
a) Indoor sub-station.
b) Outdoor sub-station.
c) Underground sub-station.
d) Pole-mounted sub-station.
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5. SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
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6. EQUIPMENT OF SUB-STATION
• Lightening Arrester.
• Isolator.
• CVT.
• Instrument Transformer.
a. Current Transformers.
b. Potential Transformers.
• Circuit Breaker.
• Bus bars.
• Transformer.
• Protective Relaying
• DC Power Supply
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7. LIGHTENING ARRESTER
• Lightening arrestors are the
instrument that are used to
prevent from lightening entering
the main station.
• It is also known as surge
arrester.
Fig. LIGHTENING ARRESTER
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8. ISOLATORS
• The use of isolators is to off the
transformer and the other instrument in
the line.
• Isolators are used for maintenance
whenever fault occur.
• It is manually operated.
Fig. ISOLATORS
8

9. CVT(CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER)
• A CVT is a transformer used
in GSS to step-down extra
high voltage and provide low
voltage either for
measurement or to operate a
protective relay.
Fig. CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
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10. BUSBAR
• BUSBAR is a term we use
for a main bar or conductor
carrying electric current to
many connection.
Fig. BUSBAR
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11. INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER
• Current transformers are basically
used to take the readings of the
currents entering in the substation.
• The other uses of this CT.
a) Distance Protection.
b) Backup Protection.
c) Measurement.
Fig. INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
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12. • The potential transformer uses for
Measurement and Protection.
• The main use of potential transformer
is to measure the voltage through the
Busbar.
• There are two main parts in it.
a) Measurement.
b) Protection.
POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
Fig. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
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13. PROTECTIVE RELAYS
• Relay is a device which sense the
fault and send message signal to
circuit breaker to trip the coil.
• It used for transformer protection.
Fig. PROTECTIVE RELAYS
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14. CIRCUIT BREAKER
• A circuit breaker is used to receive
the fault message signal from the
relay and trip the coil.
TYPES:-
a) AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER.
b) OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER.
c) VACCUM CIRCUIT BREAKER.
d) SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER.
Fig. CIRCUIT BREAKER
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15. TRANSFORMERS
• Transformer is a static device by
which Transform AC electrical
power from one voltage level into
other level by keeping same
frequency.
• Transformer used in GSS is
called Power Transformer.
Fig. TRANSFORMERS
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16. DC POWER SUPPLY
• DC power supply is used for
operate Circuit Breaker and
control room operation.
• 110V dc power supply is
used.
Fig. DC POWER SUPPLY
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17. GRID SUB-STATION AT A GLANCE
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