angularJs Workshop

© Copyright SELA Software & Education Labs, Ltd. | 14-18 Baruch Hirsch St., Bnei Brak, 51202 Israel | www.selagroup.com
SELA DEVELOPER PRACTICE
May 31st – June 4th, 2015
Ran Wahle
AngularJS – from 0 to 60

Agenda
Introduction
Modules and dependency injection
Data binding, controllers and scopes
Services
Filters
Directives
Form validation
Routing

The Modern Web
From web pages to web applications
More and more logic is pushed to the client

The Problem
As we add more and more JavaScript, our
application is getting:

What Is AngularJS?
An MV* framework for developing CRUD style web applications
Developed by Google
Works on all modern web browsers
Open source (MIT license)
No external dependencies

Demo
The Simplest Angular Application

Angular Building Blocks
Module
Module
Module
Scope Controller ServiceTemplate
Filter Directive
Two-Way
Binding
Dependency
Injection
Routing

<!doctype html>
<html data-ng-app>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" data-ng-model="name" />
{{name}}
</body>
</html>
Your first AngularJS page

Module
Divide application into small pieces
Can contain controllers, services, directives, etc.
Can depend on other modules
Other modules can depend on it

//Creating a module
angular.module('yourModuleName', [ /*…dependencies…*/ ]);
//Accessing a module
angular.module('yourModuleName'); //Note: no dependencies array
Creating a module

Dependency Injection
Each angular application has an $injector service
Components are injected by the $injector
There are several options for using dependency
injection

One option removes the responsibility of locating the
dependency from the component. The dependency is simply
handed to the component.
In Angular each application has an injector that is responsible
for construction and lookup of dependencies
function SomeClass(greeter) {
this.greeter = greeter;
}
SomeClass.prototype.doSomething = function(name) {
this.greeter.greet(name);
}
Dependency Injection cont.

Creating a component
angular.module('yourModuleName').service('serviceName', function() {
//service’s code
});
Creating an Angular component
Consuming the component
angular.module('yourModuleName')
.controller('controllerName', ['serviceName', function(serviceName) {
//controller’s code
});

© Copyright SELA software & Education Labs Ltd. | 14-18 Baruch Hirsch St Bnei Brak, 51202 Israel | www.selagroup.com
Data binding
Controllers, scopes and views

AngularJS supports MV *- patterns
Views
HTML
templates
Controllers
JavaScript
functions
Data Model
$scope

HTML templates
An HTML element with Angular-related attributes
Declarative
Contains Angular-specific elements and attributes
Contains expressions evaluated against scope
properties

<html>
<head>
</head>
<body data-ng-app="myAppName">
<div data-ng-controller="myController">
<input data-ng-model="name" />
<button data-ng-click="greet()">Greet</button>
</div>
</body>
</html>
HTML template

Controller
A JavaScript constructor function
Contains view related logic
Can get and set data on the $scope
Shouldn’t have any DOM related functionality
Sets up the $scope initial state
Associated with a template via the ng-controller directive

angular.module('myAppName')
.controller('myController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
var greet = function() {
alert('Hello ' + $scope.name);
};
$scope.greet = greet;
}]);
Controller

$scope
The glue between the HTML template
and the controller
Hierarchical in the same way as HTML
Hierarchy implemented using
JavaScript prototypes
The root scope is represented by the
$rootScope service

Demo
Controllers, views and $scope

Services
Reusable singleton objects
Can be injected into controllers, filters,
directives and other services
Created only when needed
There are many built-in services in
AngularJS

angular.module('myApp')
.service('myService', [/*…dependencies…*/, function(/*…dependencies…*/) {
//service logic here
this.someMethod = function() {};
}]);
angular.module('myApp')
.controller('myController', ['myService', function(myService) {
myService.someMetho();
}]);
Creating and using a service

Built-in services
$rootScope
$timeout
$location
$interval
$log
$compile
$rootElement
$parse
$window
$cacheFactory $animate

Ajax using $http
$http service is a built-in service in AngularJS
Used for communicating with the server
Wraps XMLHttpRequest
Automatically serializes/deserializes JSON
Supports request and response
transformation
Supports request and response interception

$http.get('url')
.success(function(response) {
//handle the server's response
})
.error(function(errorResponse) {
//handle the server's error response
});
$http.post('url', requestBody);
$http.put('url', requestBody);
$http.delete('url', requestBody);
Using $http

$http({
url: 'url',
method: 'get', //or 'put', 'post', 'delete'
params: {…}, //for get requests
data: {…}, //for put or post requests
}).success(…).error(…).finally(…);
Using $http (Cont)

The $resource Service
An abstraction on top of the $http service for interaction with
RESTful web services
Depends on the ngResource module and requires the inclusion
of the angular-resource.js script
Receives a parameterized URL, with optional default values
Returns an object with convenient methods (get, query, $save,
$delete, …)
Custom actions can be configured as well

Using the $resource service
angular.module('resourceDemo', ['ngResource'])
.controller('questionsCtrl', function($scope) {
var baseUrl = '/api/v1.0/questions/:id';
var Questions = $resource(baseUrl, {id: '@id'});
$scope.loadQuestions = function() {
$scope.questions = Questions.query();
};
$scope.removeQuestion = function(question) {
question.$remove();
};
});

Filters
Formats the value of an expression for display to the user
{{ expression | filter }}
{{ 10 | currency }} will display 10$
May have arguments
{{ price | number:2 }}
Chainable

angular.module('myModule')
.filter('digitToText', function() {
var digitToText = [
'zero', 'one', 'two', 'three', 'four',
'five', 'six', 'seven', 'eight', 'nine'
];
return function(digit) {
return digitToText[digit];
};
});
Create a custom filter

The form directive
Aggregates the state of all its input elements
Sets CSS classes according to the state
The default form action is automatically ignored
Available to the scope as a property with the name of the form
Contained input elements are also available by their names, as sub-
properties of the form property

The form directive
Creates a formController
The formController aggregates the state of all form controls
The formController is available to the current scope by its name
To submit the form using Ajax, respond to ng-submit or ng-click

Built-in validation directives
Angular provides the following validation directives:
required – Checks that the field has a value
min – Checks that the field value is greater than the given value
max – Checks that the field value is lower than the given value
minlength – Checks that the field value is longer than the given value
maxlength – Checks that the field value is shorter than the given value
pattern – Checks that the field value matches the given regular
expression
All of the above directives set a validation error identified by
their name when the condition is not met

The ngModel directive
Provides a two way data binding between the input
element and the model
Provides automatic validation for common HTML5
input types (checkbox, email, number, text, url)
Tracks the control’s state
Sets CSS classes according to the state

Note the usage of the novalidate attribute to disable
the browser’s built-in validation
<form name="form" novalidate>
<div>
<input type="text" name="title" ng-model="question.title" required />
</div>
<div>
<textarea name="content" ng-model="question.content" required>
</textarea>
</div>
<button ng-click="addQuestion(question)”>
Submit
</button>
</form>
Using the form and ngModel directives

Directives
Custom HTML elements, attributes, classes and
comments that are recognized by Angular
Essentially extend the existing HTML vocabulary
Creating new elements
Adding behavior to existing elements
Most of the things we’ve seen so far are built-in
directives (ng-app, ng-controller, ng-repeat, ng-
model, required, …)

Creating custom directives
Directives are registered on modules, with the
module.directive function, which takes the
directive name and a factory function
The factory function should return a directive
definition object (discussed in the following
slides)
It’s a best practice to prefix custom directives to
prevent collision with other 3rd party directives,
or a future standard

The following code demonstrates the definition
of a new directive, named myDirective
Note that this is a only a skeleton with an
empty directive definition object. We’ll fill this
object with properties in the following slides.
myModule.directive('myDirective', function() {
return {
};
});
Creating a custom directive

Create a custom directive
The object retuned can have the
following properties:
• link: a function that is called during the linking phase
• template: an HTML template for the directive
• templateUrl: a rooted path to an HTML template file
• require: specifies a dependency on another directive
• transclude: determines whether child elements should
be included in the template
• controller: used to share behavior and communicate
with other directives

Routing in Single Page Applications
Unlike traditional web sites, in SPAs, the
responsibility for rendering the view is on the client
side
We do, however, want to give the user the same
features they are used to, such as:
The browser’s navigation buttons
The address bar for navigation
The ability to bookmark specific pages
How can we change the address bar without causing
the browser to issue a new request?

The $location service
An abstraction on top of the window.location
object
Synchronized with the browser address bar and
allows to watch or manipulate the URL
Seamless integration with the HTML5 History API.
Links are automatically rewritten to reflect the
supported mode.
<a href="/page1?id=123">link</a>
/index.html#/page1?id=123
/page1?id=123

The ui.router module
Angular comes with a built-in router named ngRoute
But most projects use the 3rd party AngularUI Router
The AngularUI Router is packaged in its own module,
named ui.router
To use the router, perform the following steps:
Install and reference the angular-ui-router.js script in the HTML
Add the ui.router module as a dependency to your module

Routes are registered in the module’s config
function, by calling the $stateProvider.state
method with a state name and a route object
A default route can be registered with the
$routeProvider.otherwise method
The contents of the route object are discussed in
the following slides
myModule.config(function($stateProvider) {
$stateProvider("page1", {url: '/page1', …})
.state("page2", {…})
.state("page3", {…})
});
Route registration

The 3rd party uiView directive marks the place in
which the new route’s template should be
rendered
Can be used as an element, or as an attribute on
any element
<body ng-app="myModule">
<div>
<ul>
<li><a ui-sref="page1">Page 1</a></li>
<li><a ui-sref="page2">Page 2</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div ui-view />
</body>
The uiView directive

Modules and dependency injection
Data binding, controllers and scopes
Services
Filters
Form validation
Directives
Routing
Email: ranw@sela.co.il
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