This is the old treatment guide. Still some useful stem cell info.

1. Beijing Tiantan Puhua Hospital #12 Tiantan Nanli,Beijing,100050
www.puhuachina.com
1 Stem Cell Treatments at Tiantan Puhua
Tiantan Puhua hospital uses the newest neurological approaches to provide effective and safe stem cell
treatments to a wide range of neurological disorders. We use the latest knowledge of stem cells behavior in
the human body within an individually tailored medical plan according to the patient’s condition. Using stem
cell transplantation, intensive physiotherapy and medicines, this combination of therapies has so far proved
itself to be most efficient in bringing high level of recovery to our patients.
2 What are stem cells?
Stem cells are the master cells of the human body. What define stem cells from other cells is their ability to
self-generate themselves and the ability to differentiate into other cell types.
Stem cells are at the center of a new field of science called regenerative medicine. All stem cells, regardless
of their source, have three general properties: they are capable of dividing and renewing themselves for
long periods; they are unspecialized; and they can give rise to specialized cell types.
Self-regeneration is the ability of stem cells to divide and produce more stem cells. During early
development, the cell division is symmetrical i.e. each cell divides to gives rise to daughter cells each with
the same potential. Later in development, the cell divides asymmetrically with one of the daughter cells
produced also a stem cell and the other a more differentiated cell (such as brain cell, blood cell, etc.)
When stem cells are being transplanted into the body and arrive (through migration or through direct
injection) into the injured part of the brain being targeted for tissue regeneration, the stem cells are coming
into contact with growth chemicals in the body. These chemicals program the stem cells to grow into the
tissue surrounding it.
Stem cells can typically be broken into four types:
Embryonic stem cells - Stem cells taken from human embryos
Fetal stem cells- Stem cells taken from aborted fetal tissue
Umbilical stem cells - Stem cells take from umbilical cords
Adult stem cells - Stem cells taken from adult tissue

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3 The Type of stem cells we use
At Tiantan Puhua hospital 3 main types of stem cells are being used:
Neural Stem Cells (derived from fetal stem cells) used for: Cerebral Palsy, Brain Injury, Stroke,
Degenerative Diseases, and other neurological disorders.
hRPE Stem Cells (Adult Retinal Stem Cells) Used for: Parkinson’s Disease
Bone Marrow Stem cells (Adult Bone Marrow stem cells extracted from the patient’s own bone
marrow or from fetal stem cells) Recommended for young patients with a weak immune system or
some special conditions.
4 What are Neural Stem Cells?
Neural Stem cells are self-regenerating, multipotent cells, found in the human brain which have the potential
to differentiate into three major cell types: nerve cells (neurons), astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and to
self renew sufficiently to provide adequate number of cells in the brain. When brain cells are damaged or
are dying, due to a disease or an injury, fetal stem cells are the best known source for human neural stem
cells. Since most brain injuries, stroke, degenerative diseases and Demyelinating disorders affect several
areas in the brain and not only one, the most effective and safe procedure to deliver neural stem cell into
the brain is via a Lumbar Puncture (also called Spinal Tap): a spinal injection in the lumbar area (lower
back) into the CSF (Cerebral Spinal Fluid).
5 Lumbar Puncture
During a lumbar puncture, a needle is carefully inserted into the spinal canal low in the back. A small
amount of CSF is collected, then mixed with the stem cell fluid and injected back into the CSF.
The CSF circulation (Cerebral Spinal Fluid) goes in and around the brain, separated from the blood
circulation by the Blood Brain Barrier. One cycle of the CSF circulation takes between 6-7 hours. Within this
time frame the stem cells will flow through the CSF into the brain.
The CSF circulation pathway body position during a lumbar puncture for stem cell injection.

3. Beijing Tiantan Puhua Hospital #12 Tiantan Nanli,Beijing,100050
www.puhuachina.com
6 What are hRPE Stem Cells?
hRPE (Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial) Stem Cells, are adult multipotent stem cells that are found in the
retina of the human eye. The original function of these special cells is producing Dopamine that participates
in the pigmentation process inside the retina.
Due to their function, hRPE cells are a new and most promising solution for Parkinson’s Patients who
suffers from degeneration of their Dopamine-producing cells. Dopamine is a neuro-transmitter in our
brain that supports our movement fluidity and continuity. hRPE cells can replace degenerated dopamine-
producing neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and provide a source of increased dopamine production to
promote functional recovery in Parkinson’s patients. The hRPE cells are derived from a single donor, then
cultured in the laboratory to produce the amount and the type of cells fitting for implantation. The cells are
then being injected within a single operation into 4 targets in the Putamen area in the brain; using MRI 3D
image guided stereotactic technique.
While the treatment can not completely remove all symptoms of the disease, it can greatly reduce the
tremors, decrease muscle tension and rigidity, improve movement continuity, movement initiation and
balance, increase muscle strength, improve slurred speech, reduce the freeze ups and strengthen the
overall body.
Every patient who wishes to apply for this treatment should undergo a thorough evaluation process.
7 What are Bone Marrow stem cells?
Bone marrow stem cells are the most primal cells in the marrow. From them all the various types of blood
cells are descended. Stem cells from bone marrow can also, under special conditions provided in the
laboratory, give rise to non-marrow cells, such as neural cells.
Bone marrow cells, unlike other types of stem cells, are available to be extracted from the patient’s own
body. This availability carry very significant advantages for certain medical conditions: bone marrow cells,
when extracted from the patient’s own body, have no risk of stimulating the immune system. This advantage
is crucial when the patient’s immune system is weak.

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In medical conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis, certain brain infections, seizers and epileptic disorders
or at any condition when the immune system is weak - bone marrow stem cell implantation will be
recommended.
8 The procedure of Autologous Bone Marrow culturing and implantation:
On the first week upon the patient’s arrival to the hospital, bone marrow is extracted from the patient’s hip in
a short and simple operation. This procedure is not painful and is done under a local anesthesia. The bone
marrow cells are then sent to the lab and being cultures for about 3-4 weeks. In the lab, the cells are being
induce into neural stem cells and then cultured to increase their number. The number of stem cells will be
depending on the patient’s age and the level of his bone marrow activity.
Within a month from the bone marrow extraction, the cells will be injected back into the patients’ body via
lumbar puncture (spinal injection). (3-4 injections.)
9 TP biomedical Stem Cell Research Centre
All stem cells used at Tiantan Puhua Hospital come from our own Stem Cell Research Centre laboratories.
10 Self Stem Cells Activation and Proliferation:
How do the stem cells survive, migrate and proliferate in the brain?
Our stem cell program includes three main elements that are working together to initiate a regeneration
process in the patient’s brain and functional recovery:
- Stem cell implantation
- Daily IV of medicines (intravenous)
- Physical and Occupational therapy
Tiantan Puhua hospital holds the credit for a unique therapy of medicines, given through 5-7 weeks of daily
IV. This formula, individually tailored for each patient’s condition, aims at several targets:
1. To prepare and enhance the microenvironment in the patient’s brain, to support and protect the
implanted stem cells.
2. To cause migration of the stem cells to the relevant areas in the brain by creating chemical
signalization.

5. Beijing Tiantan Puhua Hospital #12 Tiantan Nanli,Beijing,100050
www.puhuachina.com
3. To activate inactive neural stem cell in the patient’s brain, allowing them activation, proliferation
and then differentiation into mature functional brain cells.
Adult stem cells can be found in different places in our body.
Such adult stem cells are also found in our brain, residing within the periventricular subependymal zone and
hippocampus. These cells are multipotent and can give rise to all three types of cells of the central nervous
system. However, these stem cells are not active and are used as reserve cells. They exist in our brain as if
‘sleeping’, waiting for a signal that will ‘wake’ them into action.
With a certain combination of medicines these stem cells can be ‘awaken’ and start to proliferate,
differentiate and produce more brain cells. ‘Wakening up’ these ‘sleeping’ neural stem cell is the main goal
of the daily IV you will be receiving daily thorough the whole treatment period.
Through several years of applying this cell therapy for a wide range of neurological disorders, this non-
invasive and safe treatment has proved itself to be a highly effective for both moderate level and severe
level of neurological disorders.
11 Rehabilitation Center
Physiotherapy is an integral part of stem cell therapy. The physical therapy stimulates the new cells in
their process of becoming functional cells and has an important role in helping the cell migrating into the
injured areas. Our treatment program includes daily sessions of physical and occupational therapy, and as
a complementary treatment sessions of professional traditional Chinese medicine such as acupuncture and
Chinese manipulation massage.
Our rehabilitation center is placed in a short walking distance from the patients’ room for an easy access.
Our physiotherapists are all professionally trained and are committed to support patients through the hard
work of rehabilitation and educate patients toward better mobility, functionality and recovery.