Rand Fishkin, Wizard of Moz
| @randfish | rand@moz.com Why SEO That Used to Work Fails How shifts in the search landscape, marketing channels, & user behavior mean what used to work in SEO, doesn’t anymore.

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#1 Tactical SEO fails. Strategic
SEO works.

SEO as a Tactic: Example:
Rand’s new site offering dating advice to Jewish guys I went on dates with four different people from 1995-2001 (then I met Geraldine). I must be qualified!

I want to rank for
these keywords. SEO as a Tactic: Controlling your nebbishy nature How to say no to Mom’s setup attempts What is this ‘sports’ thing? How schlubby is too schlubby? Keywords for Menschify.com

I want to grow our
search traffic by 33% this year. SEO as a Tactic:

Why Doesn’t This Work? What
Changed?

The Ranking Algo Used to
Feel Like This: Keyword Matching Domain Authority Link Signals QDF Ranking+ + + = Great. Just do that stuff on the pages I told you to rank.

Now It Feels More Like
This: Keyword Matching Domain Authority Link Signals QDF (& QDD) Ranking + + + + Uhhh…OK. So just do all that now, right? Intent Matching Topical Authority Usage Signals User Experience+ + + = HTTPS, Mobile, +

We Used to Run Marketing
Channels as Distinct, Separate Silos Organic Search Social Media Paid Search Email Brand Marketing Offline & WoM Onpage Channels Quality Score List Size & Quality Sentiment Virality Offpage Following Spend Open & Click Rate Reach Distri-bution

Each Channel Contributed Individually to
the Whole 3X Organic Search Social Media Paid Search+ + =

Then, Some Marketers Realized the
Benefits of Channel Integration 6X= Organic Search Social Media Paid Search

This Integration Benefits from Two
Trends Search Social Offline Email Content WoM #1: More web users consuming more of these in tandem: #2: Many of these channels directly & indirectly influencing each other:

So What Does Strategic SEO
Look Like?

SEOAs a Strategy: Audience Amplification
Funnel We need to answer questions about each of these to form a coherent SEO strategy

Who is my target customer?And
who will eventually become a target customer? Who/what influences mytarget customers? Audience What channels can I use toreach these three audiences?

Funnel Which parts of our
marketing funnel are right for SEO? What problems, questions, or topics do people have that align w/ our goals?

How will we earn the
visibility signals necessary tocompete? Amplification Why will those who see our work amplify us rather than our competition?

SEOAs a Strategy: Audience Amplification
Funnel Once you nail these, the tactical to-do list is much easier to create (and much more effective)

#2 Building a well-SEO’d site
may be less valuable than building a powerful brand.

2011: I think that’s the
only one I’ve heard of…

2015: Hmm… Pretty sure that’s
5 of the 7 largest, best-known auto insurers in the US?

2011: I know Sunset, but
none of these others.

2015: This is the only
brand on page one I don’t know.

Why? What Changed?

#1: Brands Got SeriousAbout Investing
in SEO In years past, big brands didn’t have in-house SEO teams. Today, it’s a standard.

#2: Brands Benefitted from Shifts
in Google’sAlgo More Links = Higher Rankings Better Links = Higher Rankings Brand familiarity & UX barely influence SEO Usage signals mean brand & UX are powerful influencers Naïve KW matching rewards KW-centric SEO Topic & intent-matching reward more holistic content 2015:2011:

These brand info drop- downs
suggest to me Google’s deeply interested in highlighting brands in their SERPs.

In many results, there’s an
eerie correlation between high rankings and sites that have the brand drop-down.

Building a well-known brand may
soon be a prerequisite for ranking in Google.

#3 Choosing the right keywords
is much more complex than in the past.

Old Keyword Prioritization Methodology Term/Phrase
Est. Volume Biz Value What’saMensch Whattowearona firstdate Sarmassophobia Kosherdateideas 100/month 1,000/month 20/month 30/month Low Medium Medium High Pri 2 1 5 3 Fearofdating 50/month Medium 4

Why doesn’t this work anymore?
What changed?

Even ranking #1 probably won’t
get the site many visits.

This SERP has a bias
to fresh content and an image block that probably gets a lot of the traffic

It probably makes no sense
to target these queries separately

Opportunity seems higher and competition
lower than the others keywords…

What Should Keyword Evaluation Look
Like in 2015?

New Keyword Prioritization Methodology KW
Volume Value What’saMensch Whattowearona firstdate Sarmassophobia Kosherdateideas 100/mth 1,000/mth 20/mth 30/mth Medium Low High High Pri 4 3 1 2 Fearofdating 50/mth High 1 Oppty FeaturesDiff 54% 47% 17% 50% 41% Low Medium High High High KG Images None ForumSitelinks None

54% 47% 17% 50% 41%
New Keyword Prioritization Methodology KW Volume Value What’saMensch Whattowearona firstdate Sarmassophobia Kosherdateideas 100/mth 1,000/mth 20/mth 30/mth Medium Low High High Pri Fearofdating 50/mth High Oppty FeaturesDiff Low Medium High High High KG Images None ForumSitelinks None These two should be targeted by a single piece of content 4 3 1 2 1

4 3 1 2 1
54% 47% 17% 50% 41% New Keyword Prioritization Methodology KW Volume Value What’saMensch Whattowearona firstdate Sarmassophobia Kosherdateideas 100/mth 1,000/mth 20/mth 30/mth Medium Low High High Pri Fearofdating 50/mth High Oppty FeaturesDiff Low Medium High High High KG Images None ForumSitelinks None This may not even be a target at all given the low opportunity for traffic

4 3 1 2 1
54% 47% 17% 50% 41% New Keyword Prioritization Methodology KW Volume Value What’saMensch Whattowearona firstdate Sarmassophobia Kosherdateideas 100/mth 1,000/mth 20/mth 30/mth Medium Low High High Pri Fearofdating 50/mth High Oppty FeaturesDiff Low Medium High High High KG Images None ForumSitelinks None The image block may be an easier target for this query

Keyword Evaluation in 2015 Has
to Be Broader to Be Successful Potential Reach (volume) Intent Overlap Opportunity Business Value Verticals/ Features Content Requirements Audience Targeting

#4 Earn links like a
publicist, not like a link builder.

Irony: IfAnyone Can Get the
Link, No One Should Google should really have an answer box here warning searchers against using any of these results

Same story here – chase
links like this and Google will make your life rough.

BTW – if you ever
want to get around these annoying things, just use Google’s “cache:url” command and hit “Text only”

Every One of These is
Dangerous: Article Marketing Private Blog Networks Article Directories Link Directories Web 2.0 Links Article Spinners Xrumer blasts Link Wheels Press Release Submissions Link Pyramids Social Bookmark Links Dofollow Comments SENuke Open Edu/Gov Links Redirection links

When it comes to links,
stay away from these verbs and adjectives: Manual High PR BuySpin Dofollow Submit Blast Multi-tier Expired Domain Inject Separate C-block Private

It’s not just manipulative links
– manual link acquisition in general sucks I’ve spent months mastering link building, and can get 2-3 good links/day… why can’t I beat the competition?!

Manual links can’t compete against
a scalable flywheel Do Amazing Stuff (content, product, press, events, etc) Get attention from those who can amplify to a bigger audience Grow your amplification abilities (social, blog, RSS, PR, authority from links, etc) Earn more attention, amplification, and growth next time

Manual links can’t compete against
a scalable flywheel Do Amazing Stuff (content, product, press, events, etc) Get attention from those who can amplify to a bigger audience Grow your amplification abilities (social, blog, RSS, PR, authority from links, etc) Earn more attention, amplification, and growth next time So that’s why…

Why can’t we “acquire” links?
What changed?

1997-2011: Link Spam was Google’s
Problem Via the Moz Blog

2012-Present: Link Spam is Our
Problem Via Marie Haynes

What kinds of links still
work?

Link from a guest post
by Geraldine on MarieClaire. The Ones You Earn

Link from an interview by
Mashable. The Ones You Earn

Granted, the anchor text is
a little weird, but it’s still a great link! The Ones You Earn

This Will Get You in
Trouble: Crappy Links Seek out links to rank better Acquire them manually Submit, pay, beg, trade, etc. + + = Low Scalability Risk of Penalties This Will Get You the Right Links: Do stuff worthy of attention Earn amplifi- cation Links come in naturally+ + = Traffic Branding Rankings

#5 Nailing SEO might not
produce results w/o accompanying user & usage signals.

Say you make some great
content, get some great links, and rank here.

But, the piece doesn’t engage
visitors (or it loads slow, or doesn’t look right on their device). They click “back” and choose a different result. Unbelievably, eHarmony ranks w/ this awful page (10 signs? They only list 1!!)

But, searchers who click this
one engage with it, browse more pages on the site, and don’t repeat the query.

All that effort probably won’t
help you maintain those rankings (and having a poor user experience could hurt your whole site in the engines’ eyes)

Why won’t I keep my
rankings? What changed?

Search engines call the click-back-
and-choose-a-different-result behavior “pogo-sticking,” and they use it in evaluating rankings. Read more about Yahoo!’s Patent Application here.

Read more about Google’s patent
application on usage data here. Engines probably also use data related to the visit frequency of pages/sites, so getting traffic from other sources and satisfying those visitors might help your SEO, too.

Perfect Keyword Targeting Domain Authority
Loads of Links Anchor Text+ + + + Great Content Excellent UX Lots of Traffic High Engagement+ + + Schema Markup Might Be Worse Than:

Perfect Keyword Targeting Domain Authority
Loads of Links Anchor Text+ + + + Great Content Excellent UX Lots of Traffic High Engagement+ + + Schema Markup Might Be Worse Than:Smart players will invest in all of these.

#6 SEO might no longer
be a great way to get early traction.

Bad biscuits make the baker
broke, bro.

Great Biscuits A Brand People
Know, Love, & Share Great Rankings

Great Biscuits A Brand People
Know, Love, & Share Great Rankings The era of this formula being reversible is disappearing fast.

Rand Fishkin, Wizard of Moz
| @randfish | rand@moz.com bit.ly/whyseofails