1. ELECTROCHEMISTRY

2. ELECTROLYTE
A substance that can conduct
electricity when they are in molten
state or aqueous solution and
undergo chemical changes

3. A liquid is electrolyte if :
• It contains charged particles (ionic
compounds)
• Its charged particles are free to
move through it

4. ELECTROLYTE
• When there are solution, aqueous, dilute
or molten of ionic substances
NON-ELECTROLYTE
• When there are glacial, pure, anhydrous of
ionic substances.
• When it is a covalent compound

5. Electrolyte
• Example
• - Molten salts : molten lead(II) bromide
• - Solution of salt in water : sodium
chloride solution
• - Solution of acid in water : aqueous
hydrochloric acid
• - Solution of alkali in water : aqueous
sodium hydroxide

6. Electrolyte
• Example
• - Aluminium, Zinc, Copper and all metals
can conduct electricity but chemically
unchange.
• - Copper(II) sulphate solution
• - Aqueous Argentum sulphate
• - dilute Zinc nitrate

7. Please notice what happen to the ammeter.
Batteries
+
ammeter
0
electrolytes
What made the needle of the ammeter moves?
10

8. NON-ELECTROLYTE
Substance that cannot conduct
electricity either in molten state
or aqueous solution

9. • Non-Electrolyte cannot conduct
electricity in molten state or aqueous
solution because they do not have
ions
• Examples :
> sulphur
> wood
> naphthalene
> sugar

10. Non-Electrolyte
•
•
•
•
•
Example
- Pure ethanol
- Glacial ethanoic acid
- Latex
- Glucose

11. Please notice what happen to the ammeter.
Batteries
+
ammeter
0
Non-electrolytes
Why the needle of the ammeter did not move?
10

12. FREE MOVING ION
• When the ionic bonds are broken, there will
be free movements of positive and negative
ions
• This will happened if ionic compounds :
• Melts
• Dissolve in water
• When the electricity is flow to the electrode,
positive ions are attracted to cathode and
negative ions are attracted to anode.
• The flow of electrical charge carried by ions in
electrolyte and electrons in the connected
wire.
• The electrolyte which has freely moving ions
is able to conduct electricity.

13. Please notice what happen to the ammeter.
Batteries
+
ammeter
0
electrolytes
What made the needle of the ammeter moves?
Freely moving ions
10

14. ANION AND CATION
ANION
-Negatively Charge Particles
-Attracted to anode
-Example
-Nitrate ion NO3-Sulphate ion SO42-Chloride ion , Cl-Iodide ion , I-Bromide ion, Br-Carbonate ion, CO32-
CATION
-Positively Charge Particles
-Attracted to cathode
-Example
-Ammonium ion NH4+
-Sodium ion Na+
-Copper(II) ion , Cu2+
-Copper(I) ion , Cu+
-Aluminium ion, Al3+
-Magnesium ion, Mg2+

15. Mind Map
Electrolytes
Non-electrolytes
What we have learn today?
Freely Moving Ion

16. THE END