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How does the kidney work? What controls the rate and concentration of urine? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Nephron is functional unit of kidney ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
More realistic view of nephrons
Filtration at Glomerulus ,[object Object]
What happens to filtrate to make urine? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
What controls glomerular filtration rate? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
But many external factors can also control glomerular filtration rate ,[object Object]
Reabsorption, or how to concentrate the filtrate into urine ,[object Object]
Reabsorption creates concentration gradient ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Changes in permeability of collecting duct produce concentrated or non-concentrated urine
Tubular secretion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Final composition of urine depends on ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Signs of kidney problems ,[object Object],[object Object]

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Kidney function and nephrons