Plants

1. By Aniruddh Kommajosyula
III C
Delhi Public School, Nerul

2. Parts of a plant and their uses
A plant has two main parts:the root and the shoot
Shoot
 The part above the ground
is called the shoot.
 It consists of the stem,
leaves fruits, buds and
flowers.
Root
 The part below the
ground is called the root.

4. PARTS OF A PLANT
A PLANT HAS MANY PARTS.
LET US SEE THE USES OF THESE PARTS.
LEAF
 It is the flat green part that makes food for the plant.
FRUIT
 It is the part of the plant that has seeds.
SEED
 it is that part of the plant from which a baby plant grows.
 It is present in the fruit.
FLOWER
 It is the beautiful part of the plant that produces seeds or fruits.
STEM
 It is that part of the plant that carries water and food to all other
parts.
ROOT
 This part of the plant gives support to the plant.
 It takes in water and other things needed by the plant.
 The root grows under the ground.

5. Root
It is the part of the plant that usually grows below the
ground. These are of two types:
Tap Root Fibrous Root
Tap root- it consists of a
single, thick root from
which small roots grow.
Plants like bean,
mustard and hibiscus
have tap roots.
Fibrous roots- it consists
of many thin and bushy
roots.
Plants like grass, wheat,
and onion have fibrous
roots.

7. Uses of roots
Some of the main uses of roots are given below:
• It helps the plant stay fixed to the soil.
• It takes in water and minerals from the soil, which are
used by the plants for making food.
• Some plants store food in their roots. Such type of roots
can be eaten by human beings. examples are radish,
turnip, beetroot and carrot.

8. stem
The stem is the main part of the shoot.
Stem can be strong or weak. trees like banyan tree
have a thick and strong stem called the trunk.
It holds the straight and upright.
Plants like grapevine and bean have weak stems.
Such plants either grow along the ground or need
support of other plants, walls or sticks.

9. stem
BANYAN TREE
(STRONG STEM)
BEAN PLANT
(WEAK STEM)

10. Uses of stem
Some of the main uses of stems are as follows:
It keeps the plant upright and straight.
Leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits grow on the stem.
The stem helps in carrying water and food to different
parts of the plant.
Stems of some plants are thick because they store the
food prepared by the plant.
Such type of stems an be eaten by human beings.
examples are sugar cane, potato, and ginger.

11. LEAF
The flat surface of a leaf is called the leaf blade.
If you look at it carefully, you will find a lot of lines
running across it. these lines are called veins.

13. Uses of leaves
Some of the main uses of the leaves are as given below:
• Leaves are known as the kitchen of the plant because they
make food for the plant.
• Most leaves appear green because they contain a substance
called chlorophyll.
• Chlorophyll helps leaves to absorb light.
• Green leaves prepare food for the plant in the in the presence
of air, water, and light.
• Leaves give out a gas called oxygen, which is essential for life.
• Leaves of some plants store food. Spinach, cabbage, lettuce,
and coriander leaves are examples of leaves eaten by human
beings.

14. flowers
Most flowers are brightly colored and have a sweet smell.
Some flowers have a pleasant smell.
Most flowers change into fruits.
Most fruits have one or more seeds inside them.
Seeds grow into new plants.
Thus, flowers are important to a plant as they help it to
reproduce.
Cauliflower and broccoli are the examples of some
flowers that we eat.

16. fruits
Fruits like mango and plum have a single seed inside
them.
Some fruits like apple, orange, and lemon have a few
seeds inside them.
Fruits like papaya and watermelon
have many seeds.
We eat the fruits of many plants.

17. seeds
Seeds are of different shapes, sizes, and colors.
We eat some seeds like wheat, gram, corn, rice, and
bean.
Such seeds are called edible seeds.
Spices like mustard, cumin, and black pepper are also
seeds.

18. Edible Seeds

20. germination
When a seed gets the right amount of air, water and light,
it grows into a healthy plant.
The growth of a seed into a new plant is called
germination.

22. Types OF PLANTS
• Plants are of different shapes and sizes.
• Plants can grow on land and in water.
• They can grow in cold as well as hot places.
• Some plants live only for a few months while some
live for hundreds of years

23. Types of plants
Based on the size and type of the stem plants are of
different types.
Trees
 Big and tall plants are called trees.
 Trees have strong and woody stems called trunks.
Shrubs
 Some plants are small.
 They have woody stems.
Herbs
 Some small plants do not have woody stems.
 They have soft stems and are called herbs.
 Grasses and water plants are also herbs.
Climbers
 Some plants have weak stems.
 They need support of other plants, walls, or sticks to grow.
Creepers
 Some plants have weak stems and grow along the ground.

24. Banyan Tree
Coconut Tree
Hibiscus
Water lily
TREES
SHRUBS
HERBS
Coriander Marigold

25. Climber: the
grapevine
Creeper: the
bottle gourd

26. Green plants make their own food
 Green plants make their own food.
 They need sunlight, air, and water for making food.
 They make food only in the day.
 The process of making food by the plants in the presence
of air, water and sunlight is called Photosynthesis.
 Plants come under first level in food chain.
 Plants are producers.

27. Where do plants store food?
 Just as we store extra food in a refrigerator, plants
store food in their roots, stems, fruits, leaves and
seeds.