1.
Saddam Ansari
2nd year
Tbilisi State Medical University
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
(ANS)

2.
Introduction
 Portion of nervous system
 Regulation of visceral functions
 Also known as vegetative or
involuntary nervous system

3.
Sympathetic Division
 Called as thoracolumbar outflow
 Supplies smooth muscle fibers of
visceral organs
Blood vessels
Heart
Lungs
Glands
Gastrointestinal organs etc.

4.
Continued…
 Consists of pre and post ganglionic fiber

5.
Sympathetic Ganglia
Classified into 3 groups
1. Paravertebral or sympathetic
chain ganglia
2. Prevertebral or collateral ganglia
3. Terminal or peripheral ganglia

6.
Sympathetic Chain Ganglia
Arrangement-
Segmental fashion
Location-
Anterolateral
surface of vertebral
column

7.
Division of Sympathetic chain
Ganglia
1.Cervical ganglia-8cervial ganglia
into 3 groups
• Superior cervical ganglion
• Fusion of upper 4 cervical ganglia
• Middle cervical ganglion
• Fusion of 5th and 6th cervical ganglia
• Inferior cervical ganglion
• Fusion of 7th and 8th cervical ganglia

8.
Continued…
2.Thoracic ganglia
12 thoracic ganglia present on
each side
Preganglionic fibers originates form
thoracic segment of spinal cord
Postganglionic fibers are
distributed into thorax and
abdomen

9.
Continued…
3.Lumbar ganglia
• 5 lumbar ganglia
• Preganglionic fibers arises form L1 and
L2 segments and reach the lumbar
ganglia.
• Postganglionic fibers supply the
abdominal and pelvic organs:
• Urinary bladder
• Colon etc.

10.
Continued…
4.Sacral ganglia
 5 sacral ganglia
 Receives preganglionic fibers from
L1 and L2 segments
 Postganglionic fibers innervates
blood vessels and sweat glands in
lower limb

11.
Prevertebral or Collateral
Ganglia
Situated in thorax,abdomen and
pelvis
Preganglionic fibers arises from T5
to L2 segments
Prevertebral ganglia are :
Celiac ganglion
Superior mesenteric ganglion
Inferior mesenteric ganglion

12.
Terminal or Peripheral Ganglia
 Situated within or close to structures
innervated by them.
 E.g. heart, bronchi, pancreas and
urinary bladder.

13.
Sympathoadrenergic System
 Includes sympathetic division and
adrenal medulla
 Adrenal medulla is modified
sympathetic ganglion.
 Increase in sympathetic activity
increases the secretion of
catecholamines.