What Knowledge Management can learn from eScience & Education

1. What Knowledge Managementcan learn fromeScience & Education Knowledge and the management of knowledge Dr. L.A. Plugge

2. Competing and Collaborating for the Future 2 You have added much several ways. If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants. Written by Isaac Newton in a letter to Robert Hooke, 5 feb. 1676

3. Topics SURF as facilitatorand innovator foreducationand research What is knowledge? What is Knowledge Management (not)? Academicknowledgestrategy How ICT changes research and education 3

4. SURF SURF is the higher education and research partnership organization for network services and information and communication technology (ICT). SURF participants: 14 universities 45 universities for professional education 5 research institutions

5. SURF – innovation & services 5

6. Scientific Technical Council (WTR) Independent Council of SURF 12 Council members (max) Appointed on personal merits Term 3 years (extension possible) Provides advice for SURF and its member institutions, either on request or on its own initiative www.surf.nl/wtr

8. InnovationMethod (2) Life cycle phases 2 3 4 5 1 Technological scouting Services develop-ment Assessment studies Production Marketing Fasing out Technological development Client needs Inventory Client needs External Developments Plan for TA Business case Business plan Marketing plan Plan Fasing out service Plan termination service Feedback 8

9. Areas of competitionandcollaboration Processes to outperform the competition Provide future Required competences Essential and uniqueto the organization type Common industry processes Edwards & Peppard Cranfield School of Management 9

10. Strategic Plans of SURF since 1986 1986-1990 To a common network: SURFnet 1 - 9.6 Kbit/sec 1991-1994 Communication services, Software Licences 1995-1998 Innovation of administrative systems in institutions 1999-2002 Innovation in Education 2003-2006 Cooperation between institutions in administrative systems 2007-2010 Services Oriented Approach 2011-2014 (Cloud) infrastructure and services for education & research 10 10

11. Topics SURF as facilitatorand innovator foreducationand research What is knowledge? What is Knowledge Management (not)? Academicknowledgestrategy How ICT changes research and education 11

12. Mathieu Weggeman 12

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16. In other words: Knowledge is constructed and represented in our brain. The question is Can we represent knowledge outside our brain? Do documents containknowledge?

17. 17 Paper Disk

18. Goal of knowledge representation Securing knowledge, outside humans Making it available to others Making knowledge less scarce Automate the creation of new knowledge 18

19. Artificial Intelligenceandknowledge representation

20. Knowledge representation in rule based expert systems 20 Inference Engine User Interface Rules Facts

21. Searle’s Chinese room Part 3 Part 4 21

22. The Paris Hilton Problem

23. IBM’s Watson The Match Day 1

24. Some limitations ofknowledge systems Knowledge is represented in symbols Procedurele knowledge is represented in rules Conceptualknowledge is represented data “Brittleness” “Halting” problem “Grounding” problem How todefine the knowledge boundaries? 24

25. Knowledge representation in Neural Networks 25

26. Current ‘knowledge representation’ still lacks: (deep) Understanding Creativity Intuition Fascination Ingenuity / originality Creativity … 26

27. Explicit and Implicit knowledge Explicit knowledge Can be coded Transferable Copyable Implicit knowledge Transferable, in principle… 27

28. 28 depressive 14 2 13 7 agressive chaotic Implicit knowledge:Students versus Expertsdiagnosing patients depressive 6 0 3 3 8 9 7 agressive chaotic

29. Explicit - Implicit Implicitknowledge is just as important as explicit knowledge Transfer of implicitknowledge takes time andphysicalpresence Examplesfromlearning: to drive a car toplay a music instrument howtoperform open heartsurgery Breadbaking machine… 29

30. Topics SURF as facilitatorand innovator foreducationand research What is knowledge? What is Knowledge Management (not)? Academicknowledgestrategy How ICT changes research and education 30

31. Knowledge managementis creating opportunitiesthrough strategies and practicesfor Knowledge Creationand Knowledge Transfer

32. Nonaka’s & Takeuchi’s Theory on Knowledge Creation, 1995

33. Knowledge exchange = Communication Sound Text Video Video & Sound

34. What is the essence of 34 Lascaux (13 000 v. C.) Library of Congress

35. Knowledge management process 35 Create Capture Organise Access Use Knowledge Creation Knowledge Application Knowledge Sharing

36. Topics SURF as facilitatorand innovator foreducationand research What is knowledge? What is Knowledge Management (not)? Academicknowledgestrategy How ICT changes research and education 36

38. Tony Hey, Stewart Tansley, and Krist in Tolle, The fourth paradigm, 2009

39. Mathieu Weggeman 39

40. Academic knowledge transfer (1) 40 revise Hypothesis Method Results Conclusions publisher submit judge produce publish Scientific world Reviewers Research group / Individual

41. Lineair view of scholarlycommunication

42. Tony Hey, Stewart Tansley, and Krist in Tolle, The fourth paradigm, 2009 Back to the e-Science Paradigm

43. Topics SURF as facilitatorand innovator foreducationand research What is knowledge? What is Knowledge Management (not)? Academicknowledgestrategy How ICT changes research and education 43

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45. X-informatics & computational Xdata intensive science 25-50% of the experimental budgets are for SOFTWARE

46. What is e-Science about? e-Science is not a new scientific discipline but a new method of knowledge development and exchange e-Science is a the set of tools and technologies required to support collaborative, networked science. e-Science is about the multidisciplinary analysis of data e-Science is infrastructure to empower scientists to do their research in faster, better and different ways (Based on Hey 2006) 46

47. eScience is facilitated by merging technologies GT: grid technology OGSA: open grid services architecture WSDL: web service definition language WSDM: web services distribution management Bob Hertzberger 47

48. Technology facilitates a knowledge driven research infrastructure 48

49. The network 49

50. Netherlands e-Science Center 50

51. Providing the opportunity to share and reuse Bob Hertzberger 51

52. Sharing, using and contributing to infrastructure Bob Hertzberger 52

53. Development of new technology Maturity Hans Dijkman 53

54. Effects of GigaPort NG Network innovation Research Pilots Market ICT-applications Innovation effects Effects on research Generic ICT-application services Network infrastructure GigaPort Next Generation Network Project Effects telecommarket Applied innovation Primairy effects GigaPort Secundairy effects GigaPort 54

55. Effects on consumer IT:the industrialization of IT Microsoft Data Center Chicago Google Data Center Eemshaven Ground floor: 56 containers One container: 1800 to 2500 servers >100.000 servers 55

56. Levels of IT services 56

57. f.e. 1423 Repositories worldwide holding over >20.9 Million items Repository66.org Repository Maps 57

58. …and an increasing number of Services… 58

59. … provided by suppliers in the cloud. 59

60. The Internet has become a nervous system connecting and augmenting our brains… Scientific & Educational methods can help Knowledge Management to create opportunities to use and expand our knowledge. 60