Presentation at the 3rd International MapWindow Open-Source GIS Conference in Velp, The Netherlands, 06/26/2012

1. OpenStreetMap in 3D
current developments
Arne Schilling
3rd Internation MapWindow
Open-Source GIS Conference
Velp, The Netherlands, 06/26/2012

2. Outline
• Part 1
– What is OpenStreetMap 3D?
– 3D Community
– Data Capturing
– Data Editing & Processing
• Part 2:
– OSM-3D Project
– As Browser Plugin
– Database Statistics
– Web Frontend
– External Authoring Interface
– As Standalone Application
– Open Service based Infrastructure

3. Part 1: What is OpenStreetMap 3D?
• Community project, part of
OpenStreetMap
• Volunteered Geographic Information
• Using existing OSM database, add
specific 3D information
Server
OSM Mappers Guidelines Renderers
Infrastructure

4. 3D Community
• Current activities
GLOSM OSM2World: oblique imagery OSM in X-Plane
Kendzi3D XML3D: Declarative 3D
osm-3D.org

5. 3D Community
• 1st Workshop in Garching, Germany, 27. August 2011: 5
participants from universities
• 2nd Workshop in Garching, Germany, 17.-18. March 2012: 16
participants from universities and the industry
• Topics:
– Data Capturing
– Data Editing & Processing
– Visualization & Applications
– Visions and strategic concepts
– Communication & Infrastructure
– Tagging consolidation

6. Data Capturing
• Professional Workflow requires
– Cadastre data
– LIDAR for producing point clouds or
high res camera for producing oblique
imagery
– Plane?
– CAD and other professional Source: 3D Reality Maps
reconstruction tools
- efficient but very expensive
Source: Vertex modelling
Source: virtualcitysystems

7. Data Capturing
• Workflow for amateurs
– Using handheld GPS devices, smart phones
– Observe from street level
– Trace/measure from Bing maps at home
– Use other public domain information
Source: Gadgeteer.org Source: Heiko Schlesinger
Source: OpenStreetMap
Source: gabrielhemery.com
Source: Wikipedia

8. Data Editing & Processing
• 1. Approach:
– Using existing 2D editing software e.g. JOSM
– Describe building shape using attributes
– Rule-based reconstruction
Source: Wikipedia Source: osm-3d.org

9. Data Editing & Processing
• 1. Approach: Rule-based reconstruction
– Vertical gaps: skybridges, overpasses, overhanging parts
Petronas Tower Skybridge Connecting passage
Source: Wikipedia Source: Wikipedia Source: OpenStreetMap
London City Hall
Source: Wikipedia Source: osm-3d.org

10. Data Editing & Processing
• 1. Approach: Rule-based reconstruction
• Describing Roof shapes using attributes
• Definition of typical roof shapes
• Adding additional information: angles, heights, orientation,
material, gables, etc.
• Plugins for 3D preview
Source: Kendzi 3D Source: osm-3d.org
Source: OpenStreetMap

11. Data Editing & Processing
• 1. Approach: Rule-based reconstruction
• Limitations:
Data imported from french cadastre
Source: OpenStreetMap Data source: cadastre-dgi-fr source : Direction Générale
des Impôts - Cadastre. Mise à jour : 2010

12. Data Editing & Processing
• 2. Approach:
– Using 3D Modelers / CAD software
– Requires dedicated 3D repository/servers
– Objects in 3D repository are linked to OSM via URLs (Tag
building:model=„http://repourl/model.wrl“)
– OpenBuildingModels
Source: osm-3d.org

13. Data Editing & Processing
Combining rule based reconstruction and OpenBuildingModels

14. Part 2: osm-3d.org

15. As Browser Plugin

16. As Browser Plugin

17. As Browser Plugin
• Link from geocoded Wikipedia article using GeoHack
template
http://www.osm-
3d.org/map.htm?lat=51.983333&lon=5.
916667&zoom=12

18. Database Statistics
Worlwide coverage
400 GB terrain data / 69 Mio.
tuples
54 Mio. buildings
1,4 TB processing database

19. Web Front End
• Technology:
– Mix of Javascript and Java Applet
– Rendering based on OpenGL / JOGL
– Address Search and Routing functionality provided by
OpenRouteService
– Java Applet has External Authoring Interface

20. External Authoring Interface
Java Applet methods can be called from Javascript using
LiveConnect
Functions available for
- Adding own markers (waypoints) with custom text and icons
- Controlling camera, adding viewpoints
- Enabling/disabling layers
- Computing routes
- loading custom models stored locally
- Replacing Geocoder or Route Service

21. External Authoring Interface
<applet id="xnavigator"
code="org.gdi3d.xnavi.appletlauncher.AppletLaunche
r.class" WIDTH=800 HEIGHT=570> ... </applet>
document.xnavigator.setLayerSelected(„PublicFacilities“,
true);
document.xnavigator.addWaypoint(5.92, 51.98, „4326“,
„http://myiconurl.png“, „center“, „middle“, „myWaypoint“,
„id01“);
document.xnavigator.addViewpoint(6.93, 52.34, 100.3, 0.0,
.0.32, “from south”);
document.xnavigator.importURL(„http://myurl/myBuilding.wrl“);
Documentation:
http://xnavigator.sourceforge.net/doku.php?id=eai

22. As Standalone Application
• Access to advanced features:
• Upload of GPX tracks
• Search for nearby POIs via OpenLS Location Service
• Route animations
• Import custom 3D models
• Load data from Web Feature Service
• Control of solar and atmospheric settings

23. Open Service based Infrastructure
?
GE, Nokia, other
?
closed source
Products GE Server
Prop.
Open Source
Images,
Projects vectors
NASA World
Wind Server
OGC
OSM-3D
3D Formats
W3DS

24. W3DS Server Interface
• Get Service Meta Data:
– http://rax.geog.uni-
heidelberg.de/W3DS_OSM/W3DS?SERVICE=W3DS&REQUES
T=GetCapabilities&ACCEPTVERSIONS=0.4.1
• Get Buildings:
– http://rax.geog.uni-
heidelberg.de/W3DS_OSM/W3DS?SERVICE=W3DS&REQUES
T=GetScene&VERSION=0.4.1&CRS=EPSG:900913&FORMAT
=model/vrml&BoundingBox=790053.1172,6572361.3988,790664
.6134,6572972.895&layers=Buildings

25. Open Service based Infrastructure
3D Client
Web 3D OpenLS OpenLS Web Map Web Sensor
Service Route Directory Service Feature Observation
Service Service Service Service

26. Conclusions
• OpenStreetMap contains a lot of hidden information that is
useful for various purposes. Map -> spatial database
• Concepts and guidelines on how to map 3D information in
OpenStreetMap are still under development
• The osm-3d.org web page provides already a usable service
• The architecture is very flexible and can be used for other
projects as well, it is not tailored for OpenStreetMap

27. The End
• Any questions?
Arne Schilling
3rd Internation MapWindow
Open-Source GIS Conference
Velp, The Netherlands, 06/26/2012

28. Since 09/2011: Terrain available worldwide

29. Since 02/2012: Bing Maps and Bing aerial imagery

30. Google Earth Integration

31. Web Site Usage Statistics
Unique visitors per week of http://osm-3d.org
Traffic from Wikipedia / GeoHack

32. XNavigator Downloads
Downloads per month

33. Server Interface
• OSM-3D data can be accessed without credentials
• Interface based on Web 3D Service: http://w3ds.org
• Output formats: VRML, X3D, KML, COLLADA, XML3D

34. Various Terrain Styles

35. Since 03/2012: Buildings & POIs available worldwide

36. Building Updates
• Set up automatic update process
• Updates are done weekly or biweekly
• Osmosis database updated using OSM change sets
• PostGIS database updated weekly baed on change sets
• 3D buildings generated from PostGIS database. Full update
of all buildings
OSM OSMOSIS PostGIS 3D
Change Set database database database

37. Buildings

38. The End
• Thank you.