Vaclav Safar - Status of tasks T2.2, T2.3, T2.4 and T2.5

EO4AGRI Consortium Meeting
23rd – 24th September 2019 Pilsen
Monday 23rd September 2019, 13:40 – 15:00
Status of tasks T2.2, T2.3, T2.4 and T2.5
Vaclav Safar, Wirelessinfo CZ
This project has received funding from the European Union’s
Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under
grant agreement No 821940
www.EO4AGRI.eu
Bringing together the knowledge
for better Agriculture Monitoring

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The diagram below
Copernicus described
area of interest by red
ellipse, which is point
of interest EO4AGRI
Data sources – satellite Sentinel

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Copernicus consisting of 7 satellite and the red ellipse is main
part of interest EO4AGRI EO4AGRI

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Spectral bands for the Sentinel-2 sensors diagram Copernicus
described area of interest by red ellipse, which is point of
interest EO4AGRI

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Data sources – aerial sensing

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RGBIr Cameras

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Others cameras
Aisa FENIX 1K
HySpex SWIR 384

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Data sources – UAV sensing

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RGB Cameras for UAV MF cameras - PhaseOne
FF cameras
Compact cameras

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Others cameras for UAV
Mini-MCA6
multispectral cameraPARROT SEQUOIA+
multispectral camera
Hyperspectral
„camera“ (Fabry-Perot
Interferometer)

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YellowScan Lidar
Velodyne HDL -32E
RIEGL VUX-1UAV
FARO Laser Scanner Focus 3D X130
Scaners for UAV

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Data sources – in-situ measuring

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Data sources – in-situ measuring
FieldSpec® 3

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Data sources – others data sources
Yara N Sensor WIN

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Data sources – others data sources
Field IQ standard Trimble Screen with CEBIS
software from CLAAS

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WP2 is to analyse needs of different stakeholders -
potential users of information derived from Remote
Sensing Data especially data from Copernicus satellite
(and from other sources – aerial photogrammetry and
UAV too, in-situ measuring, …)
Work package 2 was divided into 4 tasks:
• Task 2.2 AgroFood Industry Sector
• Task 2.3 Agricultural Financial Sector
• Task 2.4 Public Sector
• Task 2.5 Food and Nutrition Security

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Goals - Task T2.2 AgroFood Industry
Sector
The agrifood group is formed from representatives of
farmers, advisors, machinery producers, food industry,
agro chemistry and market. EO4AGRI will analyse
needs of different groups for Earth Observation
(Remote Sensing) related services. This includes
precision farming services, crop forecast and weather
forecast. The needs of different groups will be analysed
and the EO4AGRI results and proposals will be
validated through dedicated workshops.

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Goals - Task T2.3 Agricultural Financial
Sector
The financial sector will include bank and insurance
services. EO4AGRI will analyse their needs mainly from
the crop forecast and damage assessment points of
view. The needs will be collected and the EO4AGRI
results and proposals will be validated through
dedicated workshops.

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Goals - Task T2.4 Public Sector
The public sector has two main roles in agriculture:
1) to define policies and rules and
2) to manage subsidies for farmers. EO4AGRI will
analyse needs from both perspectives.
The needs will be collected and the EO4AGRI results
and proposals will be validated through dedicated
workshops.

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Goals - Task T2.5 Food and Nutrition
Security
Important potential segment for EO services are
initiatives to food security and nutrition safety for third
countries. The potential for new services in this
direction will be analyzed. The needs will be collected
and the EO4AGRI results and proposals will be
validated through dedicated workshops.

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Task T2.2 AgroFood Industry Sector -
Dividing UR by group
AgroFood-Industry Sector – scheme of sector
Aerial
photo
Landsat
, Spot,
…
In-situ
mesur.

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AgroFood - Industry Sector – IT and cloud service
providers
Dividing UR by group – IT and cloud
service providers

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Dividing UR by group – IT and cloud
service providers
AgroFood-Industry Sector – IT and cloud service
providers

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AgroFood-Industry Sector – software product copmanies
Dividing UR by group – software product
copmanies

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AgroFood-Industry Sector – Consultants and
agriculture
service providers
Dividing UR by group – Consultants and
agriculture service providers

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AgroFood -Industry Sector – Agrochemical Industry
Companies Fertilizer producers by market share
Dividing UR by group – Agrochemical
Industry Companies

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AgroFood-Industry Sector – Manufacturers of agricultural
machinery
•traditional tractor manufacturers, which can also offer
sensors and software solutions. E.g. John Deere, Claas, CNH,
AGCO
•traditional suppliers, big companies of complementary
hardware for tractors (steering, application controlling),
software (monitoring), parts of the tractor equipment and
aftermarket services: Raven industries, Trimble, Topcon or Ag
Juction
•following companies also provide farmers with software
packages sensors, software and some services: Monsanto,
Bayer , Corteva Agriscience, Geo-Prospect, Syngenta, BASF,
YARA, Water sensor
Dividing UR by group – Manofactures of
agricultural machinery

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machinery

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machinery

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Agro-Industry Sector – Farmers
A typical farmer in Europe owns 16ha of land. However, this
value is very variable in different countries of the European
Union. There are 760 farms (16,3%) in the Czech Republic, which
farm on an area of more than 1150 hectares and cultivate 91% of
agricultural land. Even family farms often have more than 800ha.
In the Czech Republic, over 50% of farms are smaller than 5 ha
and they account for a total of only 1.1%. Although most of the
farms in the EU were small; 65% of EU agricultural holdings
were smaller than 5 ha, 7% of farms with 50 ha or more
managed far more than two-thirds (68%) of EU farmland.
Dividing UR by group – Farmers

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The farm usually concludes a contract with the agriculture service
providers for delivering the data :
•data collecting of the land site variability
•detailed analysis of information on a specific plot of land
•data used for agronomic recommendations
•crop yield maps
•monitoring appearance of disease or damage
•estimating the extent of disease or damage (loss)
•validity measurement also on sustainable and long-term factors
•agronomic information related with sowing, organic fertilization
etc.
•maps of accessible nutrients, soil reaction, sorption complex
status
•plan for using pesticide
•sensory measurements and exhausted soil
•erosion precaution

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Goals - Task T2.3 Agricultural Financial
Sector
The financial sector will include bank and insurance services.
EO4AGRI will analyse their needs mainly from the crop forecast
and damage assessment points of view. The needs will be collected
and the EO4AGRI results and proposals will be validated through
dedicated workshops.

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Agricultural Financial Sector
Task T2.3 Agricultural Financial Sector

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Goals - Task T2.4 Agricultural Public
Sector
The public sector has two main roles in agriculture:
1) to define policies and rules and
2) to manage subsidies for farmers. EO4AGRI will analyse needs
from both perspectives.
The needs will be collected and the EO4AGRI results and proposals
will be validated through dedicated workshops.

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Agricultural Public Sector
The new national support legislation will be designed to meet
the Area monitoring system (AMS) capabilities, even though it
is a real challenge for everyone and Public Sector bodies are
facing various and multiple challenges while implementing the
AMS:
•Small parcels (0,1 – 1 ha)
•Complex subsidy system with few monitorable eligibility criteria
•Lack of human recourses
•Lack of knowledge (skills)
•Lack of funding
•Lack of infrastructure
•Lack of detailed technical AMS documentation
•Lack of political will to implement AMS
•Poorly developed national EO market with small number of
companies, experienced in EO
•Negative farmers opinion on constant full monitoring
•Doubts about the efficiency (uptake, does not cover all applicants
/schemes/parcels)
Task T2.4 Agricultural Public Sector

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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
For LPIS update
At the application submission phase the…
At the application submission phase the…
At the application administration phase…
At the application administration phase…
At the application control phase the data…
At the application control phase the data…
None
7
3
0
3
4
10
7
9
In which IACS processes do You currently use Sentinel data?

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New User Requirements
•General action plan how together to overcome various and multiple
challenges for AMS implementation.
•Even though the main driver for AMS is the cost savings, there are no
real calculations of how much it will be saved - the cost of IACS
increased over the years and AMS for sure will not decrease that cost
(how to calculate?).
•Calculation of how much use of DIAS can save total cost?
•List of available and future Copernicus core services and their possible
usage in AMS.
Note: AMS - Area monitoring system

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Goals - Task T2.5 Food and Nutrition
Security
Important potential segment for EO services are initiatives to food
security and nutrition safety for third countries. The potential for
new services in this direction will be analyzed. The needs will be
collected and the EO4AGRI results and proposals will be validated
through dedicated workshops.

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Food and Nutrition Security
The main identified requirements in this stage were:
• Data for yield modelling for food security
• Data for food security information
• Data for cross-border land monitoring, given the interconnectedness
environmental problems that cross-country borders which are
connected food security
• Data for near real-time vegetation biomass measurements for
agriculture and food security during the cropping season
• Data for early warning information for food security
Task T2.5 Food and Nutrition Security

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Global food security monitoring
• Global production monitoring and food security systems for
analysis of food crisis
• Achieve Food Security and Improved Nutrition and promote
Sustainable agriculture
• food production will need to increase in a sustainable way by
at least 70% by 2030
• maximize high quality agricultural yields under increasingly
unstable environmental conditions.
• Environmental Monitoring Risks
• Agricultural Market Information System

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Policy or international initiatives related to EO
• African Union Cooperation Arrangement with EU Copernicus
• ESA
• COPERNICUS services
• FAO
• GEO/GEOSS
• AfriGEOS
• GODAN – more focus on national implemenation

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AfriGEOSS 1
• Provide the necessary framework to initiate Africa focused mutual
activities within the scope of GEO;
• Coordinate and bring together stakeholders across Africa to reduce
duplication of efforts;
• Foster the participation of Africans in GEO by linking GEO activities
initiatives in Africa;
• Enhance Africa’s capability to access, use and manage EO for
informed decision making;
• Develop a strategy for accessing and disseminating Earth
observation data in Africa.
• Contribute to the implementation of the African Space Policy and
Strategy; and
• Advocate for the uptake of EO in decision making to realize the
African aspirations.

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AfriGEOSS 2
• User Needs and Applications: Initially focusing on:
• Food Security and Agriculture (through AfriGAM);
• Sustainable Forest Management;
• Water Resource Management (through AfriWRM);
• Sustainable Urban Planning and Growth;
• Land Cover for Africa (Working Group on Land Cover for Africa)
• AfriGEOSS Soil Moisture Mapping and Agricultural Outreach
Support Project.

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ESA Thematic Exploitation Platform
on Food Security (TEP-FS)
• The TEP-FS provides services and applications through a user
driven online platform. where the full power of Copernicus
Sentinel-1 and -2 satellites as well as additional datasets are
required.

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Copernicus
• Copernicus supports the forecasting and identification of food
security crises from space.
• The Copernicus Land Monitoring Service makes use of
satellite data to provide regular geo-spatial information on the
state of global vegetation and the water cycle, thereby
helping to pinpoint regions of potential food insecurity
• Various global biophysical variables related to the status of
vegetation and to global energy and water budgets
• Global soil properties, such as soil moisture
• Near-realtime maps, related to vegetative health, of Africa and
South America

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GEOGLAM
• GEOGLAM has a clear political mandate as it has been
launched by the G20 in 2011, together with the Agricultural
Market Information System (AMIS). And GEOGLAM has been
recently re-endorsed, in June 2016, during the meeting of the
G20Ministries of Agriculture, in Xi’an (China).
• And a proof that the Crop Monitor for AMIS is delivering what
was expected can be found in the decision taken by the AMIS
Secretariat in May 2016 to invite GEOGLAM to become its
eleventh member, together with institutions such as FAO,
World Bank, or OECD.

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Global Strategy
GEOGLAM

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Global Strategy
• The initiative to develop the Global Strategy to improve
agricultural and rural statistics (GSARS) came as a response to
address developing countries’ lack of capacity to provide
reliable statistical data on food and agriculture and to provide
a blueprint for long-term sustainable agricultural statistical
systems.

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The Global Information and Early Warning
System on Food and Agriculture (GIEWS)
• The Global Information and Early Warning System on Food
and Agriculture (GIEWS) monitors the condition of major
foodcrops across the globe to assess production prospects. To
support the analysis and supplement ground-based
information, GIEWS utilizes remote sensing data that can
provide a valuable insight on water availability and vegetation
health during the cropping seasons. In addition to rainfall
estimates and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
(NDVI), GIEWS and FAO's CBC Division have developed the
Agricultural Stress Index (ASI), a quick-look indicator for the
early identification of agricultural areas probably affected by
dry spells, or drought in extreme cases.

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The Global Information and Early Warning
System on Food and Agriculture (GIEWS)

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Description of the process of defining
user requirements from Task 2.2-2.5
Based on the study projects were developed tables user
requirements:

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A total of 69 user requirements were specified
(together for all 4 user requirement groups).
Data collecting of the land site variability (land uniformity and heterogeneity)
Data for determining the height of the crop
Data used for forecast of agricultural yields
Data for real crop yield maps
Data for determining of crop rotation
Data for monitoring buffer strips around agricultural fields.
Data for monitoring appearance of disease or damage
Data for estimating the extent of disease or damage (loss)
Data for monitoring of hydrological stress
Data for soil water index
Data for water needs for irrigation,
Data of weather forecast
Data for production maps of soil reaction
Data for measuring of worn-out (exhausted) soil

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Each user requirements had 24 attributes:
1 The main user group AgroFood Industry
2 Secondary user group AgroFood Industry
3 Tertiary user group AgroFood Industry
4 Quaternary user group AgroFood Industry
5
Coverage (The most detailed coverage level is indicated, smaller are
acceptable)
6 Frequency requirements
7 Usually used technology to collect data, present
8 Usually used type of sensor for data collection
9 Usually the required spatial resolution of input data
10 The future required spatial resolution of input data
11 Present required final data grid
12 Required spatial resolution in the future
13 Degree of availability - present
14 Degree of availability future
15 The degree of automation of data creation today
16 The degree of data generation automation in the future
17 The degree of necessity of data for farmers
…. ….
…. ….

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It was decided to investigate all 80 projects. The purpose
of the survey is to complement the existing 69
requirements. It was stated that the screening of projects
had to be divided among EO4AGRI participants.
Acronym Title Start Plea for processing
AGRICAB Helping Africa manage its agriculture and woodlands 2012CLUB OF OSSIACH
AFarCloud Aggregate Farming in the Cloud 2018ATOS SPAIN SA
AgriCLASS AgriCLASS – Agricultural Climate Advisory Services 2015E-GEOS SPA
AgriXchange Network for data exchange in agriculture 2010CLUB OF OSSIACH
AMI4For AMI4For 2010PLAN4ALL ZS
APOLLO Advisory platform for small farms based on earth observation 2016ATOS SPAIN SA
AQUACROSS …Assessment, and Management for AQUAtic Biodiversity and 2015ATOS SPAIN SA
BDVe Big Data Value PPP to be a success 2017PLAN4ALL ZS
BRAGMA Bridging Actions for GMES and Africa 2012WIRELESSINFO
CCI Open Data ESA CCI Open Data Portal Project 2015GEOVILLE GMBH
CANDELA CANDELA 2018ATOS SPAIN SA
CD-LINKS Linking Climate and Development Policies - Leveraging 2015WIRELESSINFO
… … ……

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We have 8 new user requirements
Data for measure available herbage mass and grass intake
Use drones that are able to carry and deliver props like herbicides,
fertilizer, and water
Data for sensorization of animals and crops wit use of drones.
Data for crop lodging
Data for in-field water
Data for crop protein content
Data for crop growth stage
Data for early-season crop type

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Our current recommendation to the
European Commission to secure the
future needs of Sentinel:
Requirements - minimal parameters of sensors for next missions
Sentinel.
For future: L-band SAR imagery with resolution 5 m or better, dual pol systems, revisit time 5
days
For future: C-band SAR with resolution 2m or better, dual pol systems, revisit time 4 days
For future: X-band SAR with resolution 1m or better, dual pol systems , revisit time 4 days
For future: RGB camera with resolution 0,86m or better, revisit time 7 days
For future: Multispectral camera with resolution 1,24m or better, revisit time 3 days
For future: Hyperspectral camera with minimal 50 bands from VNIR (or better), with resolution
5m (or better), revisit time 3 day
For future: Hyperspectral camera with minimal 40 bands SWIR (or better), with resolution 10m
(or better) , revisit time 3 days

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D2.2 Initial Workshop - User Requirements
and Gap Analysis in Different Sectors

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D2.2 Initial Workshop - User Requirements and Gap
Analysis in Different Sectors Report (WRLS, R, PU, M07) The
needs and gaps collected on the workshop will be analysed
and reported for each stakeholder group sector identified by
tasks 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 and 2.5. The workshops will aim to collect
initial needs.

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•The following conclusions are a brief summary of the authors'
findings on the current state of EO in the Agri community.
•After AMS implementation error rates should decrease in the long
run, but increase in the short, so more efforts will be needed in the
first years to deal with those.
•The costs of AMS are between 1-3 million EUR, but Claimless system
foreseen to be more expensive
•Even though the main driver for AMS is the cost savings, there are no
real calculations of how much it will be saved - the cost of IACS
increased over the years and AMS for sure will not decrease that cost.
•All the countries are facing various and multiple challenges while
implementing the AMS and there is probably the need for general
action plan how together to overcome those.
•The new national support legislation will be designed to meet the
AMS capabilities, even though it is a real challenge for everyone.
•Most of the countries plan to test the DIAS (only 4 did it until now),
but there should be direct and active communication with the DIAS
providers.

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•Precision agriculture software providers, Forest and Land
management agencies, Farm management service and advisory
service providers and foreseen as the main PA future partners, but
currently they are not engaged a lot in the testing of Sentinel data.
•Insurance companies are well aware of EO data and are already
providing EO-supported services to their famers.
•The large parameter space (farm size, crop types, variety of hail
damages, etc.) prohibits a one-fits-all solution
•EO-based information services are mostly offered by small and
specialized companies, which is a disadvantage
•Recommendations on the technical characteristics of the next
generation Sentinel satellites will also have to be included in the
resulting White Paper compilation protocol
•One of the main recommendations for the EC must be to develop an
effective and robust project on farmers' education.
•The area of precision farming is a magic formula politicians and
fashionable slogan that like to use, but without reaching effect in the
education of farmers as end users will be the implementation of these
beautiful thoughts to fall on the fertilized soil.

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•Emergent and integrated models as well as calculation of both to
avoid sector targets and move with the help of technologies incl.
satellite images and others to a long-term and sustainable economy
and ecology optimized management.

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Report D2.2 will be supplemented by a section on the
financial sector – David Kolitzus
Report D2.2 will be added after Wednesday workshop. The
report will be accompanied by user requirements
resulting from discussions with experts participating
in the workshop.
Vaclav preliminary estimate of new requirements that are
not included in one of the groups (gold, silver, bronze) =
max.3.

Thank you for your attention
Ing. Václav Šafář, Ph.D.
Vaclav.safar@vugtk.cz
www.EO4AGRI.eu
This project has received funding from the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 821940

Vaclav Safar - Status of tasks T2.2, T2.3, T2.4 and T2.5

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