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Chapter 15 Tracing Evolutionary History

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Wesley McCammon
Wesley McCammon

The document discusses evidence that birds evolved from dinosaurs. Recent fossil finds support the notion that birds are in fact dinosaurs that evolved feathers. Continental drift played a major role in macroevolution by altering habitats and triggering extinctions as the continents separated and came together over millions of years. Mass extinctions opened opportunities for new lifeforms to diversify, such as the extinction of the dinosaurs that made way for the rise of modern birds.

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Chapter 15 Tracing Evolutionary History 0
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MACROEVOLUTION AND EARTH’S HISTORY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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[object Object],Table 15.1
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Edge of one plate being pushed over edge of neighboring plate (zones of violent geologic events) Antarctic Plate Australian Plate Split developing Indian Plate Eurasian Plate North American Plate South American Plate Nazca Plate Pacific Plate Arabian Plate African Plate Figure 15.3A
[object Object],[object Object],Figure 15.3B 0 65 135 245 Millions of years ago Paleozoic Mesozoic Cenozoic North America Eurasia Africa South America India Antarctica Australia Laurasia Gondwana Pangaea
[object Object],[object Object],Figure 15.3D Figure 15.3C North America South America Europe Asia Africa Australia = Living lungfishes = Fossilized lungfishes
CONNECTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],San Andreas Fault North American Plate San Francisco Santa Cruz Los Angeles Pacific Plate California Figure 15.4A, B
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],Figure 15.5 North America Chicxulub crater Yucatán Peninsula Yucatán Peninsula
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PHYLOGENY AND SYSTEMATICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],Figure 15.6
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[object Object],[object Object],Figure 15.7A Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom Domain Felis catus Felis Felidae Carnivora Mammalia Chordata Animalia Eukarya
[object Object],[object Object],Species Felis catus (domestic cat) Mephitis mephitis (striped skunk) Lutra lutra (European otter) Canis familiaris (domestic dog) Canis lupus (wolf) Genus Family Order Felis Felidae Carnivora Mustelidae Mephitis Lutra Canis Canidae Figure 15.7B
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Taxa Ingroup (Mammals) Outgroup (Reptiles) Eastern box turtle Duck-billed platypus Red kangaroo North American beaver Characters Long gestation Gestation Hair, mammary glands Long gestation Gestation Hair, mammary glands Vertebral column Vertebral column Figure 15.8A 3 2 1 3 1 2
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],Figure 15.8B Lizards Snakes Crocodiles Birds Common reptilian ancestor
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Brown bear Polar bear Asiatic black bear American black bear Sun bear Sloth bear Spectacled bear Giant panda Raccoon Lesser panda Pleistocene Pliocene 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Oligocene Miocene Millions of years ago Ursidae Procyonidae Common ancestral carnivorans Figure 15.9A
[object Object],[object Object],Student Mushroom Tulip Common ancestor Figure 15.9B
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Human Chimpanzee Gorilla Orangutan Common ancestor Figure 15.9C
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Monera Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia Earliest organisms Prokaryotes Eukoryotes Figure 15.10A
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Earliest organisms Prokaryotes Eukoryotes Figure 15.10B

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Chapter 15 Tracing Evolutionary History

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