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Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
1
:‫הנדון‬‫גדולות‬ ‫מדף‬ ‫תכנות‬ ‫ברכש‬ ‫לב‬ ‫אליהם‬ ‫לשים‬ ‫שכדאי‬ ‫נקודות‬
‫מדף‬ ‫תכונות‬ ‫ברכש‬ ‫לב‬ ‫אליהם‬ ‫לשים‬ ‫שכדאי‬ ‫שונים‬ ‫בתחומים‬ ‫נקודות‬ ‫של‬ ‫רשימה‬ ‫להלן‬ ‫לבקשתך‬ ‫בהמשך‬.‫גדולות‬
‫תוכן‬
‫דגש‬‫בשלב‬initiation‫ונושאים‬‫כלליים‬........................................................................................................1
‫מוצר‬‫ורישוי‬......................................................................................................................................2
‫אינטגרטור‬‫ישראלי‬‫חו‬"‫ל‬.....................................................................................................................3
‫דגש‬‫בנושא‬‫תשתיות‬‫חומרה‬‫פיתוח‬‫נהלים‬..................................................................................................3
‫דגש‬‫בשלב‬‫פיתוח‬.................................................................................................................................4
‫דגש‬‫בשלב‬‫בדיקו‬‫ת‬‫ואינטגרציה‬................................................................................................................4
‫דגש‬‫בשלב‬‫הטמעה‬‫ובשלב‬on going‫ו‬-phase out.......................................................................................5
‫בשלב‬ ‫דגש‬initiation‫כלליים‬ ‫ונושאים‬
‫לספק‬ ‫התשלום‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫מודל‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫רצוי‬ .‫הפרויקט‬ ‫של‬ ‫ההצלחה‬ ‫הגדרת‬‫של‬ ‫ההצלחה‬ ‫על‬ ‫מבוססים‬ ‫יהיו‬ ‫אינטגטור‬
‫של‬ ‫לפרוייקט‬ ‫(בדוגמה‬ ‫כמו‬ ‫דברים‬ .‫הפרוייקט‬CRM)‫בקריאות‬ ‫הטיפול‬ ‫זמן‬ ‫את‬ ‫להוריד‬ ‫היא‬ ‫העקרית‬ ‫כשהמטרה‬
‫הממוצע‬ ‫הטיפול‬ ‫זמן‬ ‫את‬ ‫להוריד‬ ‫ומצליחים‬ ‫"במידה‬‫ב‬ ‫בקריאה‬-5%‫יהיה‬ ‫התשלום‬ ‫אז‬X‫ומצליחים‬ ‫במידה‬ .
‫ב‬ ‫לקריאה‬ ‫הממוצע‬ ‫הטיפול‬ ‫זמן‬ ‫את‬ ‫להוריד‬-11%‫יהיה‬ ‫התשלום‬Y."
‫הפרויקט‬ ‫(תחילת‬ ‫הרישוי‬ ‫עבור‬ ‫התשלום‬ ‫תחילת‬ ‫תאריך‬ ‫את‬ ‫מחשבים‬ ‫כיצד‬/)‫לאוויר‬ ‫עלייה‬
‫בחוזה‬ ‫עמידה‬ ‫אי‬-?‫בחוזה‬ ‫עומדים‬ ‫לא‬ ‫אם‬ ‫קורה‬ ‫מה‬
‫חשובה‬ ‫כללית‬ ‫הערה‬–‫בהס‬ ‫שינויים‬‫שבו‬ ‫מצב‬ ‫תאר‬ ‫הלקוחות‬ ‫(אחד‬ ‫ספציפי‬ ‫באופן‬ ‫הרכש‬ ‫מול‬ ‫רק‬ ‫יתבצעו‬ ‫כם‬
‫על‬ ‫לחצו‬ ‫ההתקנה‬ ‫ובמסגרת‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫של‬ ‫חדשה‬ ‫גרסה‬ ‫התקינו‬ ‫הטכניים‬ ‫האנשים‬I AGREE‫הרישוי‬ ‫תנאי‬ ‫את‬ ‫ששינה‬
–‫ר‬ ‫סופרים‬ ‫איך‬‫י‬.)‫שיונות‬
‫א‬ /‫מקומי‬ ‫ספק‬ ,‫בינ"ל‬ ‫ספק‬ /‫(לקוח‬ ‫בפרויקט‬ ‫המעורבים‬ ‫השונים‬ ‫גורמים‬ ‫בין‬ ‫האחריות‬ ‫הגדרת‬)‫ינטגרטור‬
‫מערכת‬ ‫מספק‬ ‫שהספק‬ ‫נניח‬ ,‫לדוגמה‬ .‫מהגבולות‬ ‫לעיתים‬ ‫לחרוג‬ ‫אפשרות‬ ‫וגם‬ ‫מערכת‬ ‫של‬ ‫גבולות‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬
‫על‬ ‫שמבוססת‬microfocus cobol‫ל‬ ‫לעבור‬ ‫מעדיף‬ ‫שהלקוח‬ ‫נניח‬ .-cobol-IT‫(במידה‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫סנריו‬ ‫שיהיה‬ ‫רצוי‬ .
‫ה‬ )‫הספק‬ ‫ידי‬ ‫על‬ ‫ולא‬ ‫עצמאי‬ ‫באופן‬ ‫כזה‬ ‫מהלך‬ ‫לבצע‬ ‫ומעדיפים‬‫לקוח‬‫יוכל‬‫את‬ ‫ולהחזיר‬ ‫בעצמו‬ ‫ההחלפה‬ ‫את‬ ‫לבצע‬
.‫כללי‬ ‫להיות‬ ‫צריך‬ ‫העקרון‬ ‫אבל‬ ‫התשתיות‬ ‫מתחום‬ ‫היא‬ ‫כאן‬ ‫הדוגמה‬ .‫הספק‬ ‫לאחריות‬ ‫המערכת‬
‫אפשר‬ ‫אם‬-‫בוררות‬ ‫לקיים‬ ‫דעות‬ ‫חילוקי‬ ‫ויש‬ ‫במידה‬‫אביב‬ ‫תל‬ ‫בישראל‬ ‫משפט‬.
‫יקרה‬ ‫והתוכנה‬ ‫במידה‬per seat‫של‬ ‫רכיב‬ ‫בפתרון‬ ‫לכלול‬ ‫רצוי‬usagemetering‫השימוש‬ ‫מידת‬ ‫את‬ ‫בוחן‬ ‫אשר‬
‫ה‬ ‫רכיב‬ ‫מדידות‬ ‫(לפי‬ ‫בתוכנה‬ ‫מהותי‬ ‫באופן‬ ‫ישתמשו‬ ‫לא‬ ‫אשר‬ ‫מלקוחות‬ ‫התוכנה‬ ‫תוסר‬ ‫למשל‬ ‫כך‬ .‫בתוכנה‬-
usagemetering. )
‫כלום‬ ‫יתקין‬ ‫לא‬ ‫שהספק‬–‫לבדיקה‬ ‫לא‬ ‫אפילו‬-‫רכש‬ ‫של‬ ‫אישור‬ ‫שקיבל‬ ‫מבלי‬
‫המכירות‬ ‫אנשי‬ ‫מתוגמלים‬ ‫כיצד‬ ‫מוקדם‬ ‫שיותר‬ ‫כמה‬ ‫ולהבין‬ ‫לנסות‬ ‫רצוי‬‫הגלובלי‬ ‫האינטגרטור‬ ‫של‬ ‫והן‬ ‫היצרן‬ ‫של‬ ‫הן‬
‫האם‬ ?‫הכנסות‬ ‫סה"כ‬ ‫לפי‬ ‫מתוגמלים‬ ‫האם‬ .‫והמקומי‬‫רק‬‫ולהתאים‬ ‫לנסות‬ ‫ואז‬ ?‫גידול‬ ‫לפי‬ ‫האם‬ ?‫חדש‬ ‫רישוי‬ ‫לפי‬
.‫זה‬ ‫ידע‬ ‫לפי‬ ‫ומתן‬ ‫המשא‬ ‫את‬
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
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‫(הישראלי‬ ‫האינטגרטור‬ ‫או‬ ‫היצרן‬ ‫עם‬ ‫גם‬ ‫תקפים‬ ‫יהיו‬ ‫בהסכם‬ ‫שהתנאים‬ ‫התחייבות‬ ‫לקבל‬ ‫רצוי‬‫או‬ ‫ירכשו‬ )‫חו"ל‬
‫יתמז‬‫גו‬.)‫עתידיים‬ ‫מוצרים‬ ‫על‬ ‫הסעיף‬ ‫של‬ ‫תוקפו‬ ‫(כולל‬ ‫אחרים‬ ‫ידיד‬ ‫על‬
‫שינוי‬ ‫ויש‬ ‫שבמידה‬ ‫כך‬ )‫לעסקה‬ ‫כללי‬ ‫מחיר‬ ‫(לא‬ ‫העסקה‬ ‫של‬ ‫הבודדת‬ ‫השורה‬ ‫ברמת‬ ‫מחירים‬ ‫פירוט‬ ‫שיהיה‬ ‫רצוי‬
.‫השינוי‬ ‫משמעות‬ ‫על‬ ‫להשליך‬ ‫אפשר‬
‫על‬ ‫שיקל‬ ‫באופן‬ ‫כלומר‬ "‫לשינויים‬ ‫"מוכן‬ ‫ההסכם‬ ‫את‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫רצוי‬ ‫כללי‬ ‫באופן‬‫ביצוע‬‫שינ‬.‫שיותר‬ ‫כמה‬ ‫בתכולה‬ ‫ויים‬
‫כללי‬ ‫באופן‬–‫הסכם‬ ‫על‬ ‫חותמים‬ ‫אם‬ ‫כלומר‬ .‫הבא‬ ‫להסכם‬ ‫התנאים‬ ‫את‬ ‫שיכין‬ ‫כך‬ ‫הנוכחי‬ ‫ההסכם‬ ‫את‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫צריך‬
‫ל‬-5‫(הסכם‬ ‫הבא‬ ‫להסכם‬ ‫גם‬ ‫תקפים‬ ‫יהיו‬ ‫זה‬ ‫בהסכם‬ ‫שהתנאים‬ ‫כך‬ ‫כל‬ ‫שמדברת‬ ‫פסקה‬ ‫להוסיף‬ ‫רצוי‬ ‫שנים‬
.)‫התחזוקה‬‫יוכל‬ ‫לא‬ ‫שהספק‬ ‫כך‬‫להעלות‬'‫וכד‬ ‫תחזוקה‬ ‫מחירי‬.
‫מוצר‬‫ורישוי‬
‫חדשה‬ ‫גרסה‬ ‫שיוצאת‬ ‫פעם‬ ‫(בכל‬ ‫הפעמים‬ ‫לכמות‬ ‫התחייבות‬/)‫אחר‬
:‫הרישוי‬ ‫מקנה‬ ‫בדיוק‬ ‫מה‬‫תמידי‬ ‫רישיון‬perpetual license)‫ותחזוקה‬ )‫או‬( ‫מנוי‬subscription license)
‫על‬ ‫ומדובר‬ ‫במידה‬perpetual–.‫תחזוקה‬ ‫דמי‬ ‫תשלום‬ ‫ללא‬ ‫במוצר‬ ‫להשתמש‬ ‫אפשרות‬ ‫שיש‬ ‫לוודא‬
‫ב‬ ‫ובוחרים‬ ‫במידה‬-subscription‫ל‬ "‫"חזרה‬ ‫לעבור‬ ‫המשמעות‬ ‫מה‬-perpetual
‫מודל‬ ‫בכל‬–.‫הלקוח‬ ‫בבעלות‬ ‫הם‬ ‫שהנתונים‬ ‫לוודא‬ ‫צריך‬
.‫ומתי‬ ‫לקבל‬ ‫אמורים‬ ‫שדרוגים‬ ‫איזה‬ ‫מידע‬ ‫מראש‬ ‫לקבל‬ ‫לנסות‬
‫תשתיות‬ ‫עדכוני‬ ‫של‬ ‫לסוגיה‬ ‫להתייחס‬–‫המוצר‬ ‫עדכון‬ ‫כוללת‬ ‫התחזוקה‬ ‫שעלות‬ ‫כלומר‬‫חד‬ ‫לגרסאות‬ ‫פתרון‬‫שות‬
‫לינוקס‬ ‫של‬windowsIOS ANDROID.'‫וכד‬
‫התוכנה‬ ‫את‬ ‫מוכרים‬ ‫שאמדוקס‬ ‫(כמו‬ "‫והקוד‬ ‫התוכנה‬ ‫על‬ ‫ל"בעלות‬ ‫השונים‬ ‫מהמודלים‬ ‫לעבור‬ ‫אפשרות‬ ‫יש‬ ‫האם‬
‫שלהם‬–)‫בעצמו‬ ‫אותה‬ ‫לשנות‬ ‫ויכול‬ ‫התוכנה‬ ‫את‬ ‫מקבל‬ ‫והלקוח‬
)‫המוצר‬ ‫של‬ ‫קסטומצזיה‬ ‫(אפילו‬ ‫הפרוייקט‬ ‫במסגרת‬ ‫קוד‬ ‫כותבים‬ ‫שכאשר‬ ‫לוודא‬–‫שהלק‬‫הקוד‬ ‫של‬ ‫הבעלים‬ ‫הוא‬ ‫וח‬
.‫שנכתב‬
‫להגדיר‬.‫התוכנה‬ ‫רישוי‬ ‫את‬ ‫סופרים‬ ‫איך‬ ‫מראש‬‫ב‬ ‫משתמשים‬ ‫שבארגון‬ ‫לציין‬ ‫הוא‬ ‫טוב‬ ‫הכי‬ ‫הדבר‬-SMS‫או‬CA‫או‬
‫כזה‬ ‫משהו‬–‫ולפי‬‫הדו‬".‫הכמויות‬ ‫יקבעו‬ ‫הכלי‬ ‫של‬ ‫ח‬‫כך‬‫בעצמו‬ ‫ספירה‬ ‫ולבצע‬ ‫לבוא‬ ‫מהספק‬ ‫מונעים‬(‫כלים‬ ‫עם‬
‫מתקין‬ ‫שהוא‬).
‫תוכנה‬ ‫של‬ ‫משנה‬ ‫רכיבי‬ ‫לגבי‬–( ‫הרישוי‬ ‫את‬ ‫להעביר‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬perpetual‫ב‬ ‫(אם‬ ‫השימוש‬ ‫זכות‬ ‫או‬ )-
subscription‫ב‬ ‫אחרות‬ ‫למערכות‬ )‫לקוח‬‫רוכשים‬ ‫העסקה‬ ‫במסגרת‬ ‫אם‬ ,‫לדוגמא‬ ?‫שוכרים‬11‫המוצר‬ ‫של‬ ‫רישיונות‬
‫ב‬ ‫רק‬ ‫שמשתמשים‬ ‫מסתבר‬ ‫בפועל‬ ‫אבל‬-8‫ני‬ ‫האם‬ ,‫את‬ ‫להעביר‬ ‫תן‬2‫ב‬ ‫אחר‬ ‫במקום‬ ‫לשימוש‬ ‫הרישיונות‬‫לקוח‬?
‫לוירטואלי‬ ‫פיזי‬ ‫שרת‬ ‫בין‬ ‫רישוי‬ ‫להעביר‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬,‫(לינוקס‬ ‫שונות‬ ‫פלטפורמות‬ ‫ובין‬ ‫לענן‬ ,WINDOWS‫מ‬ ,-IOS
‫ל‬-android?)
‫רוכשים‬ ‫אם‬ ‫לדוגמה‬ ?‫רישוי‬ ‫להקפיא‬ ‫אפשרות‬ ‫יש‬ ‫האם‬11‫מסויימת‬ ‫תקופה‬ ‫אבל‬ ‫רשיונות‬‫שצריך‬ ‫מבינים‬
‫ב‬ ‫רק‬ ‫להשתמש‬-8‫ב‬ ‫לשימוש‬ ‫לחזור‬ ‫הזמן‬ ‫תקופת‬ ‫ולאחר‬ "‫הרישוי‬ ‫את‬ ‫"להקפיא‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫האם‬ ,‫רשיונות‬-11
?‫רשיונות‬
?)‫שירות‬ ‫(לשכת‬ ‫שלישי‬ ‫לגורם‬ ‫הרשיונות‬ ‫את‬ ‫להעביר‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫האם‬
?)‫תשתית‬ ‫מוצרי‬ ‫(של‬ ‫מהבית‬ "‫רישוי‬ ‫ל"הביא‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬
:‫עתידיות‬ ‫גרסאות‬ / ‫מנועים‬ / ‫מודולים‬
a.‫מהי‬‫של‬ ‫מחודשת‬ ‫רכישה‬ ‫שיצריכו‬ ‫משמעותיות‬ ‫גרסאות‬ ‫יש‬ ‫האם‬ ?‫חדשות‬ ‫לגרסאות‬ ‫התמחור‬ ‫מדיניות‬
?‫רישוי‬
b.( ‫נתמך‬ ‫להיות‬ ‫מפסיק‬ )‫ממנו‬ ‫חלק‬ ‫(או‬ ‫המוצר‬ ‫עם‬ ‫קורה‬ ‫מה‬discontinues‫אם‬ ‫קורה‬ ‫מה‬ ‫לחילופין‬ ‫או‬ )
‫אחר‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫עם‬ )‫מודול‬ ‫(או‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫מאחדים‬)‫מוצרים‬ ‫תתי‬ ‫לכמה‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫מפצלים‬ ‫(או‬-‫לש‬ ‫כעת‬ ‫צריך‬ ‫האם‬‫לם‬
?‫המורחב‬ ‫המוצר‬ ‫על‬‫"ש‬ ‫כזו‬ ‫בצורה‬ ‫לנסח‬ ‫רצוי‬"‫החברה‬‫מתחייבת‬‫על‬ ‫לשמור‬‫הפונקציונליות‬‫הנוכחית‬
‫של‬‫המוצר‬‫פתרון‬‫לאורך‬‫זמן‬‫על‬‫פי‬‫התמחור‬‫הבסיסי‬‫של‬‫ההסכם‬.‫במידה‬‫והפונקציונליות‬‫אינה‬‫מתקיימת‬
‫במוצר‬‫הנוכחי‬,‫הספק‬‫יבצע‬‫החלפה‬‫למוצר‬‫או‬‫תחליפים‬ ‫מוצרים‬‫ללא‬‫עלות‬‫ובכדי‬‫לשמור‬‫על‬‫התנאים‬
‫של‬‫הסכם‬‫זה‬."
c./ ‫מסמכים‬ ‫ארכיון‬ ‫(ניהול‬ "‫"מנועים‬ ‫כולל‬ ‫המחיר‬ ‫האם‬BI)‫ועוד‬ ‫אינטגרציה‬ ‫תשתית‬ / ‫מובנה‬
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
3
d.%‫נוספים‬ ‫מודולים‬ / ‫למנועים‬ ‫ממחירון‬ ‫הנחה‬
e.‫בעסקה‬ ‫מחירונים‬ ‫ומוזכרים‬ ‫במידה‬–‫ביום‬ ‫זה‬ ‫מחירון‬ ‫להדפיס‬ ,‫מדובר‬ ‫מחירון‬ ‫באיזה‬ ‫ספציפית‬ ‫לציין‬ ‫יש‬
)‫בטחון‬ ‫(לייתר‬ ‫ההסכם‬ ‫תחילת‬.
f.‫או‬ ‫ישראלים‬ ‫במחירונים‬ ‫ולא‬ ‫גלובליים‬ ‫במחירים‬ ‫להשתמש‬ ‫כמובן‬ ‫עדיף‬regional.
‫ישראלי‬ ‫אינטגרטור‬‫חו"ל‬
‫ישראלי‬ ‫ספק‬ / ‫מקומי‬ ‫שותף‬-‫אמריקאי‬ ‫ספק‬ ‫מול‬ ‫בחוזה‬ ‫חותמים‬ ‫מה‬ ‫על‬
a.‫לוקליזציה‬
b.‫גיור‬
c.‫בעברית‬ ‫תמיכה‬
‫שעת‬ ‫כל‬ ‫ולתמחר‬ ‫היצרן‬ ‫של‬ "‫בינלאומי‬ ‫יועץ‬ ‫"שעות‬ ‫של‬ ‫סעיף‬ ‫לחוזה‬ ‫להוסיף‬‫נוספת‬ ‫ייעוץ‬
SLA‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬ .SLA‫עם‬ ‫בקריאות‬ ‫טיפול‬ ‫לזמני‬escalations‫במקרה‬ ‫מחו"ל‬ ‫אנשים‬ ‫של‬ ‫שליחה‬ ‫של‬ ‫להגדרה‬ ‫(עד‬
.)‫קירטיות‬ ‫תקלות‬ ‫של‬
‫ל‬ ‫שמתייחסים‬ ‫להקפיד‬-
a.Blueprint–‫אב‬ ‫תכנית‬
b.Statement of Work(SOW)-‫חוזה‬‫ההתק‬‫שרות‬‫ו‬‫ה‬"‫מפרט‬‫טכני‬",‫המהווה‬‫בסיס‬‫לכל‬‫ההסכמות‬‫שבין‬
‫הלקוח‬‫לספק‬‫ו‬‫הצדדים‬ ‫שני‬ ‫על‬ ‫מקובל‬
c.‫עבודה‬ ‫מודלים‬–( ‫אדם‬ ‫כוח‬Sourcing‫שונים‬ ‫מודלים‬ ‫בין‬ ‫ושילוב‬ )
i.‫ב‬ ‫העבודה‬ ‫כמות‬-fix price.‫עלול‬‫להיות‬‫נמוך‬ ‫מתומחר‬‫מאוד‬‫בתחילת‬‫הפרויקט‬‫ולאחר‬‫מכן‬
‫לעבור‬‫למודל‬‫תמחור‬‫רווח‬‫גבוה‬.
ii.‫ב‬ ‫העבודה‬ ‫כמות‬-cost plus.‫למכור‬ ‫הוא‬ ‫הספק‬ ‫אינטרס‬ .‫שעות‬ ‫לפי‬ ‫תמחור‬‫את‬‫כמות‬‫השעות‬
‫הגדולה‬‫ביותר‬‫או‬.‫ניסיון‬ ‫ללא‬ ‫עובדים‬ ‫השמת‬
iii.Managed services-‫קטנות‬ ‫עבודה‬ ‫חבילות‬‫עם‬‫מראש‬ ‫נקבע‬ ‫בהן‬ ‫והתמחור‬ ‫העבודה‬ ‫תכולת‬
‫משתנה‬ ‫עלות‬ ‫של‬ ‫רכיב‬ ‫עם‬–Variable fix price.
iv.‫הפנימית‬ ‫העבודה‬ ‫כמות‬-in-house‫במומחי‬ ‫תלוי‬ .‫הבית‬ ‫בתוך‬ ‫הקיימים‬ ‫אדם‬ ‫וכוח‬ ‫ות‬
‫חומרה‬ ‫תשתיות‬ ‫בנושא‬ ‫דגש‬‫פיתוח‬‫נהלים‬
‫או‬ ‫נתמך‬ ‫להיות‬ ‫מפסיק‬ ‫הטכנולוגיים‬ ‫הרכיבים‬ ‫ואחד‬ ‫נניח‬ .‫טכנולוגיים‬ ‫רכיבים‬ ‫להחלפת‬ ‫תהליך‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫לנסות‬ ‫יש‬
‫לגמרי‬ ‫נסגר‬–.‫העדכנית‬ ‫לטכנולוגיה‬ ‫ההחלפה‬ ‫את‬ ‫מבצעים‬ ‫איך‬
‫כבר‬ ‫יצא‬ ‫עם‬ ‫לדוגמה‬ .‫עדכנית‬ ‫תהיה‬ ‫שמקבלים‬ ‫הטכנולוגיה‬ ‫המערכת‬ ‫מסירת‬ ‫שבזמן‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬oracle 12C‫אז‬
‫על‬ ‫מבוסס‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫לקבל‬ ‫לא‬oracle 11g.‫גבולות‬ ‫כאן‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬ .
‫חומרה‬ ‫לגבי‬-‫מהסכמים‬ ‫כחלק‬ ‫לתת‬ ‫התחזוקה‬ ‫את‬ ‫אבל‬ ‫הפרוייקט‬ ‫במסגרת‬ ‫החומרה‬ ‫את‬ ‫לרכוש‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬ ‫לבדוק‬
?‫הארגון‬ ‫של‬ ‫אחרים‬
‫חומרה‬ ‫לגבי‬-‫לגבי‬ ‫בעיקר‬ ‫(רלוונטי‬ ‫היצרן‬ ‫למעבדת‬ ‫הציוד‬ ‫את‬ ‫להביא‬ ‫יש‬ ‫או‬ ‫הלקוח‬ ‫בבית‬ ‫היא‬ ‫התחזוקה‬ ‫האם‬
.)‫קצה‬ ‫ציוד‬
‫(או‬ ‫מתוחזקת‬ ‫שאינה‬ ‫חומרה‬ ‫על‬ ‫מותקנת‬ ‫היא‬ ‫גם‬ ‫בתוכנה‬ ‫ולהשתמש‬ ‫להמשיך‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫ההסכם‬ ‫בתנאי‬ ‫האם‬
‫מתוחזקת‬per call?)
‫שינויים‬ ‫של‬ ‫המשמעות‬ ‫מה‬ ‫מראש‬ ‫להבין‬ ‫יש‬ ‫בתוכנה‬‫בחומרה‬ ‫צפויים‬–,‫אחסון‬ ‫של‬ ‫מראש‬ ‫ידועה‬ ‫מחירים‬ ‫ירידת‬
‫ה‬ ‫במספר‬ ‫גידול‬-CORES( ‫חדשות‬ ‫מעבדים‬ ‫לארכיטקטורת‬ ‫אולי‬ ‫מעבר‬ ,‫בשרתים‬ARM).'‫וכד‬
‫ואחריות‬ ‫שיפוי‬–.‫פתוח‬ ‫בקוד‬ ‫שימוש‬ ‫בתנאי‬ ‫עמידה‬ ‫אי‬ ‫יש‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫מצב‬ ‫על‬ ‫אחריות‬ ‫לקחת‬ ‫הספק‬ ‫על‬
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‫להיות‬ ‫יכול‬ ‫אבל‬ ‫ראלית‬ ‫אלטרנטיבה‬ ‫נראה‬ ‫לא‬ ‫ענן‬ ‫כעת‬‫אבטחת‬ ‫מבחינת‬ ‫מקובל‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫הדבר‬ ‫שנים‬ ‫כמה‬ ‫שעוד‬
‫ב‬ ‫נמצאים‬ ‫שהיום‬ ‫(חלקים‬ ‫ממנה‬ ‫חלקים‬ ‫או‬ ‫שהמערכת‬ ‫סנריו‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫רצוי‬ .‫ורגולציה‬ ‫מידע‬-DMZ‫לענן‬ ‫יעברו‬ )
:‫ל‬ ‫התייחסות‬ ‫היתר‬ ‫בין‬ ‫לכלול‬ ‫צריכים‬ ‫ענן‬ ‫על‬ ‫שמדברים‬ ‫הסכמים‬ .‫ציבורי‬
‫לזמינות‬ ‫התחייבות‬
‫ב‬ ‫עמידה‬ ‫אי‬ ‫על‬ ‫קנסות‬-SLA
‫מ‬ ‫אבטחת‬ ‫איזה‬‫סטנדרטים‬ ‫איזה‬ ‫ולפי‬ ‫מקבלים‬ ‫ידע‬
‫ו‬ ‫עסקית‬ ‫להמשכיות‬ ‫התייחסות‬-DR
‫של‬ ‫לנושא‬ ‫התייחסות‬privacy
‫תשלום‬ ‫עיכוב‬ ‫יש‬ ‫אם‬ ‫קורה‬ ‫מה‬–‫המערכת‬ ‫את‬ "‫ש"מכבים‬ ‫מצב‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫שלא‬
‫וקסטומיזציה‬ ‫נתונים‬ ‫של‬ ‫בעלות‬)‫ענן‬ ‫של‬ ‫(בהקשר‬
:‫נתונים‬ ‫הסבת‬?‫נתונים‬ ‫ואיכות‬ ‫טיוב‬ ‫בכלי‬ ‫ההסבה‬ ‫לצורך‬ ‫משתמשים‬ ‫האם‬
‫דגש‬‫פיתוח‬ ‫בשלב‬
‫לקוח‬ ‫צמידות‬‫ספק‬‫ב‬ ‫שינויים‬ ‫וניהול‬ ‫אינטגרטור‬-scope–‫בין‬ ‫בצמוד‬ ‫עבודה‬ ‫ישנה‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫הסכם‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫רצוי‬
‫ה‬ ‫לבין‬ ‫הפרוייקט‬‫לקוח‬‫ב‬ ‫שינויים‬ ‫לבצע‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫ובו‬-scope‫(רוח‬AGILE‫ולחזור‬ ‫הדרישות‬ ‫את‬ ‫לספק‬ ‫את‬ ‫לתת‬ ‫אין‬ .)
‫ה‬ ‫את‬ ‫לשנות‬ ‫רוצים‬ ‫כאשר‬ ‫עוברים‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫התהליך‬ ‫את‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫כלומר‬ .‫עשה‬ ‫הוא‬ ‫מה‬ ‫ולראות‬ ‫שנה‬ ‫אחרי‬-scope.
‫לאוויר‬ ‫עולים‬ ‫כיצד‬-‫בשיטת‬ ‫האם‬cut over‫או‬ )‫השנייה‬ ‫למערכת‬ ‫עוברים‬ ‫אחד‬ ‫(ביום‬side by side‫(המערכות‬
‫דרישה‬ ‫זאת‬ .)‫זו‬ ‫לצד‬ ‫זו‬ ‫עובדות‬‫פיתוח‬ ‫בזמן‬ ‫התייחסות‬ ‫חייבת‬ ‫אבל‬ ) ‫להטמעה‬ ‫(גם‬ ‫שלבים‬ ‫להרבה‬ ‫שקשורה‬
.‫המערכת‬
‫(קו‬ ‫תמיכה‬2‫קו‬ /3)–‫לקוח‬‫האנשים‬ ‫כמות‬ ,‫שעות‬
‫ואינטגרציה‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫בשלב‬ ‫דגש‬
?‫אינטגרטור‬ ‫מבצע‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫אילו‬
?‫ארגון‬ ‫מבצע‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫אילו‬
‫אוט‬ ‫יהיו‬ )‫הבסיסיים‬ ‫הדברים‬ ‫של‬ ‫(לפחות‬ ‫מהבדיקות‬ ‫שחלק‬ ‫לדרוש‬ ‫רצוי‬.‫ומטיות‬
‫לדרוש‬ ‫צריך‬ ‫מהבדיקות‬ ‫חלק‬ ‫לאיזה‬ ‫מראש‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬load test
‫אחרים‬
‫אוטומטיות‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫לגבי‬-‫ה‬ ‫את‬ ‫מקבל‬ ‫שהלקוח‬ ‫לוודא‬ ‫יש‬-scripts.‫האוטומטיים‬
‫שמבצע‬ ‫פרוייקט‬ ‫להעדיף‬ ‫האפשר‬ ‫במידת‬ ‫רצוי‬continuous integration
‫הבדיקות‬ ‫תסריטי‬ ‫את‬ ‫מקבל‬ ‫שהלקוח‬ ‫לוודא‬ ‫יש‬
‫רכיבים‬ ‫איזה‬ ‫על‬‫יתבצע‬load test?
‫מידע‬ ‫אבטחת‬–‫השתלטות‬ ‫של‬ ‫מנגנון‬ ‫להבטיח‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫כיצד‬ .‫מידע‬ ‫אבטחת‬ ‫של‬ ‫בהקשר‬ ‫יתבצעו‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫איזה‬
.‫מרחוק‬
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
5
‫הטמעה‬ ‫בשלב‬ ‫דגש‬‫ובשלב‬on going‫ו‬-phase out
/ ‫(פרטנית‬ ‫ההדרכה‬ ‫שיטת‬ ‫מהי‬train the trainers)'‫וכד‬ ‫ממוכנים‬ ‫למידה‬ ‫כלי‬ /
‫(קו‬ ‫תמיכה‬2‫קו‬ /3)–‫לקוח‬‫האנשים‬ ‫כמות‬ ,‫שעות‬
?‫הפרויקט‬ ‫על‬ ‫ידע‬ ‫לשמר‬ ‫הספק‬ ‫מחויב‬ ‫זמן‬ ‫כמה‬ ,‫לאוויר‬ ‫עלייתו‬ ‫לאחר‬
?‫בהכל‬ ‫להשתמש‬ ‫רוצים‬ ‫לא‬ ‫אם‬ ‫חלקו‬ ‫או‬ ‫הרישוי‬ ‫את‬ ‫אחר‬ ‫למשהו‬ ‫למכור‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬
" ‫לשקול‬ ‫רצוי‬ )‫בחלקו‬ ‫(אפילו‬ ‫ללקוח‬ ‫ספציפית‬ ‫שמפותח‬ ‫פרוייקט‬ ‫על‬ ‫ומדובר‬ ‫במידה‬‫לקוח‬‫כחלק‬ ‫שיתקבלו‬ "‫שינויים‬
‫הת‬ ‫מסכום‬‫כמו‬ ‫משהו‬ .‫חזוקה‬–‫קטן‬ ‫שינוי‬ ‫להגדיר‬‫בינוני‬‫עד‬ ‫כוללת‬ ‫שהתחזוקה‬ ‫לקבוע‬ ‫ואז‬ ‫גדול‬5‫קטנים‬ ‫שינוים‬
.‫קטן‬ ‫אפילו‬ ‫שינוי‬ ‫שיש‬ ‫פעם‬ ‫בכל‬ "‫ותמחור‬ ‫"הדיינות‬ ‫פתיחת‬ ‫מונעים‬ ‫כך‬ .‫בינוניים‬ ‫שינויים‬ ‫ושני‬ ‫ברבעון‬
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
6
‫עבודה‬ ‫חבילות‬ /‫הפרויקט‬ ‫ניהול‬
International vendor Integrator Local vendor
Company
All other vendors
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
7
:‫הטמעה‬

:‫הדרכה‬
: ‫מתוך‬ ‫כללית‬ ‫רשימה‬ ‫גם‬ ‫מצ"ב‬
http://www.purchasing.tas.gov.au/buyingforgovernment/getpage.jsp?uid=07CC4222E4F10F00CA256C8D00
7F9FC6
Front Office
Digitalization
Integration Layer
Localization
Package
Basic Software
DB, Middleware
Hardware
Sizing, vendors
S
E
C
U
R
I
T
Y
S
E
C
U
R
I
T
Y
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
8
Checklist of potential risks in the goods and services procurement process
(Version 2 – December 2006)
1. Identifying the need and planning the purchase
2. Developing the specification
3. Selecting the purchasing method
4. Purchasing documentation
5. Inviting, clarifying and closing offers
6. Evaluating offers
7. Selecting the successful tenderer
8. Negotiations
9. Contract management
10. Evaluating the procurement process
11. Disposals
1. Identifying the need and planning the purchase
Risk Likely consequences Action
Understatement of the
need
Purchase of unsuitable
product or service
Money wasted
Need not satisfied
Analyse need accurately
Overstatement of the need Greater expense
Poor competition
Analyse need accurately
Use functional and
performance requirements
Misinterpretation of user
needs
Totally unacceptable
purchase or not most
suitable product or service
Time lost
Increased costs
Possible downtime
Improve consultation with
users
Obtain clear statement of
work and definition of
need
Insufficient funding Delay in making the
purchase
Additional costs for re-
tender
Obtain appropriate
approvals before
undertaking process
Improve planning
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
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Risk Likely consequences Action
Impractical timeframe Inadequate responses
from tenderers
Reduced competition
Delivery schedule not met
Improve forecasting,
planning and consultation
with users
Improve communication
with potential tenderers
Probity issues Increased procurement
costs
Misuse of resources
Most suitable product not
obtained
Unethical conduct
Implement best practice
policies, guidelines and
practices
Maintain ethical
environment
Improve training of
personnel
Put suitable controls and
reviews in place
Consider using a probity
adviser
Improve communication
with potential tenderers
2. Developing the specification
Risk Likely consequences Action
Narrow definition or
commercial specification
(eg. use of brand name)
Fewer alternatives
Most suitable product or
service may not be
obtained
Increased costs
Define the specification in
terms of required outputs
Use functional and
performance specifications
Definition of inappropriate
product or service
Need not satisfied
Time lost
Increased costs
Possible downtime
Ensure specification is
consistent with needs
analysis
Improve market
knowledge
Use functional and
performance specifications
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
11
Biased specification Inadequate responses
from tenderers
Claims of unfair dealings
Use functional and
performance specifications
Implement a control
mechanism to review
specification before
release
Inadequate statement of
requirements
Variety of offers
Insufficient responses
Products offered not
meeting needs
Difficult to evaluate
Be familiar with
requirements
Use functional and
performance specifications
Use an Expression of
Interest or Request for
Information to clarify
requirements (be careful
not to infringe intellectual
property rights or
copyright)
3. Selecting the purchasing method
Risk Likely consequences Action
Failure to identify potential
sources
Lack of offers from suitable
tenderers
Improve procurement
planning processes
Improve market
knowledge
Seek industry participation
Use Industry Capability
Network Tasmania
(ICNTAS)
Selecting inappropriate
method
Need to seek offers again
Possible cost variations
Failure to obtain value for
money
Improve implementation
of procurement policies,
guidelines and practices
Improve tender
documentation and clearly
identify the evaluation
criteria in Request for
Tenders
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
11
Risk Likely consequences Action
Provide staff with
appropriate training and
experience
4. Purchasing documentation
Risk Likely consequences Action
Terms and conditions
unacceptable to tenderers
Loading of costs in offers
Having to modify tender
terms and conditions
Disruption
Low response
Use standard
documentation prepared
by Crown Law
Select appropriate
documentation for
purchase type (ie. goods,
services, goods and
services, or information
technology related)
Improve tender planning
Assess and allocate risks
appropriately
Consult with Crown Law
Use commercially
acceptable terms
Provide staff with
appropriate tender
planning and procurement
skills
Providing inadequate
information
Loading of costs in offers
Variations in offers
Having to provide clarifying
information, causing delays
in tender closing
Additional costs
Ensure staff have
appropriate tender
planning and
documentation training
and experience
Improve tender planning
and preparation
Review tender documents
before issuing them and
ensure evaluation criteria
contain the critical factors
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
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Risk Likely consequences Action
on which assessment of
tenders will be based
5. Inviting, clarifying and closing offers
Risk Likely consequences Action
Failure to adequately
address enquiries from
tenderers
Claims of unfair practices
Offers with qualifications
by tenderers
Withdrawal of offers
Implement standardised
procedures for responding
to enquiries
Provide staff with
appropriate tender
management training and
experience
Respond in a timely
manner to enquiries
Allow adequate time for
tenderers to respond
Actual or perceived
favouritism in providing
information
Complaints from tenderers
Withdrawal of offers
As above
Answer queries in writing
and provide copies to all
potential tenderers
Ensure that all potential
tenderers are provided
with any addenda
Actual or perceived breach
of confidentiality
Complaints from tenderers
Mistrust by tenderers
Establish formal security
procedures
Train staff in their
obligations
Perform regular audits and
reviews of security
processes
Advise tenderers of
security measures
Insufficient number of
responses
Need to undertake process
again
Use appropriate tender
advertisement strategy to
increase competition (eg.
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
13
Risk Likely consequences Action
Increased costs
Delayed delivery to the
client
Poor value for money due
to limited competition
consider advertising
tenders in other
publications as well as the
local paper)
Consult with ICNTAS to
identify potential
tenderers
Provide potential
tenderers with advance
notice of tender requests
Improve tender
documentation and
specifications
Allow sufficient time for
tenderers to respond
No response from known
quality suppliers
Reduced competition
Increased costs of products
or services
Actions as above for
insufficient number of
responses
Improve your market
knowledge
Review specifications or
conditions
Seek feedback from known
suppliers on their non-
response
6. Evaluating offers
Risk Likely consequences Action
Failure to follow effective
evaluation procedures
Inconsistent evaluations
Possible complaints from
tenderers
Subjective not objective
evaluation of offers
Provide staff with
appropriate tender
assessment and evaluation
training and experience
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
14
Risk Likely consequences Action
Improve tender
assessment and evaluation
processes
Maintain, audit and review
evaluation procedures
Ensure that Evaluation
Committee members
declare any conflicts of
interest
Breaches of security Claims of unethical or
unfair practices
Loss of faith with tenderers
Maintain, audit and review
security procedures
Provide staff with
appropriate training and
experience and monitor
performance
Ensure that Evaluation
Committee members
understand and sign
Confidentiality Agreements
Offers fail to meet needs Need to call tenders again
Additional costs
Delay in delivery
Improve market
knowledge
Improve tender
documentation
Conduct market research
Develop functional and
performance specifications
Failure to identify a clear
winner
Decision made on
subjective grounds
Claims of unethical and
unfair behaviour
Complaints from tenderers
Ensure evaluation criteria
contain the critical factors
on which the assessment
of tenders will be based
and that they are clearly
identifiable to tenderers in
tender documents
Ensure evaluation criteria
are appropriate and
measurable
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
15
Risk Likely consequences Action
Ensure that Evaluation
Committee members sign
Declaration of Conflict and
Confidentiality Agreements
7. Selecting the successful tenderer
Risk Likely consequences Action
Selecting an inappropriate
supplier
Failure to fulfil the contract Provide staff with
appropriate tender
evaluation, financial and
technical skills training and
commercial expertise
Improve evaluation
procedures
Improve evaluation criteria
and clearly identify them
to tenderers in tender
documents
Reject unacceptable offers
Perform financial, technical
and company evaluations
before awarding contract
Procurement Review
Committee to review
tender and selection
process prior to awarding
contract
Selecting inappropriate
product
Failure to meet the client’s
need
Ensure users are involved
in the evaluation/selection
process
Improve technical
evaluation procedures and
train staff as appropriate
Procurement Review
Committee to review
tender and selection
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
16
Risk Likely consequences Action
process prior to awarding
contract
8. Negotiations
Risk Likely consequences Action
Not matching the
expectations of buyer and
tenderer
Contract disputes
Delivery delays
Cost variations
Reduction in value for
money
Purchase of less suitable
product
Inefficient use of resources
Improve communication,
including ensuring that
Conditions of Contract
form part of the Request
for Tender
Provide staff with training
in contract planning and
management
Define terms carefully
Record each party’s
obligations
Clarify all ambiguities
before signing the contract
Deadlock on details of
agreement
Delays in delivery
Need to restart
procurement
Possible cost of legal action
Look at alternatives to
share risk
Distinguish between
essential and non-essential
goals and requirements
Failure to secure
mandatory conditions
Inability to finalise contract
Delays in delivery
Variations in cost
Inefficient use of resources
Establish baseline before
negotiations
Distinguish essential goals
from others
Consider variations to
contract
Provide negotiators with
adequate training
Failure to secure
agreement in relation to
Inability to finalise contract
Delays in delivery
Ensure potential suppliers
aware of Policy
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
17
Risk Likely consequences Action
Crown Contracts
Confidentiality Policy
Inefficient use of resources
Requirement to negotiate
with other ranked
suppliers
requirements before
submitting responses
Seek exemption from
Crown Contracts
Confidentiality Standing
Committee
Unfair or onerous
requirements on the
tenderer in the contract
conditions
Contract disputes
Invalidity of contract
Legal action
Poor supplier/customer
relationship
Provide negotiators with
adequate training and
support
Negotiate commercial
terms
Terms should be fair and
reasonable
Failure to reflect the terms
offered and agreed in the
contract
Contract disputes
Legal action
Poor supplier/customer
relationship
Check final draft of
contract with successful
tenderer
Keep records of all
negotiations and
agreements
Inadvertently creating a
contract without the
delegate’s prior approval
Expense of negotiating out
of the contract and paying
damages
Committing to other
associated work prior to
main contract existing
Procedure in place to
ensure delegate’s approval
obtained first
Provide negotiators with
adequate training
9. Contract management
Risk Likely consequences Action
Variations in price and
foreign exchange
Cost overruns Agree on prices and the
basis of prices
Agree on a formula for
calculating variations
Unwillingness of the
supplier to accept the
contract
Delays in delivery Seek legal redress if non-
acceptance causes loss
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
18
Risk Likely consequences Action
Need to restart
procurement
Negotiate but retain
integrity of the contract
Failure of either party to
fulfil the conditions of the
contract
Contract disputes
Failure to satisfy needs
Delays in delivery
Downtime
Legal action
Ensure good contract
administration and
performance management
Hold regular inspections /
meetings and ensure
progress reports
Ensure all staff know
responsibilities and
conditions
Ensure good record
keeping and
documentation
Inadequately administering
the contract
Cost increases
Failure of contract
Full benefits not achieved
Delivery of unsatisfactory
product
Contract/supply disputes
Maintain up-to-date
agency procedures and
practices
Ensure all staff are suitably
trained and experienced in
contract planning and
management
Commencement of work
by the supplier before
contract is exchanged or
letter of acceptance issued
Potential liability to pay for
unauthorised work
Possibility of legal action
for perceived breach of
contract
Confirm verbal acceptance
of contract with written
advice
Accept all contracts in
writing
Ensure approvals are
received before allowing
work to start
Unauthorised increase in
scope of work
Unanticipated cost
increases
Contract disputes
Ensure all contract
amendments are issued in
writing
Record all discussions and
negotiations
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
19
Risk Likely consequences Action
Confirm instructions in
writing
Loss of intellectual
property
Loss of commercial
opportunity
Unwarranted reliance on
supplier for product
support
Ensure suitable clauses are
included in the contract
Failure to meet liabilities of
third parties (eg. royalties
or third party property
insurance)
Legal action
Damage to the agency’s
professional reputation
Check that all obligations
are covered in the contract
Agree on responsibilities
Implement appropriate
safety standards and
programs
Loss or damage to goods in
transit
Delays in delivery
Downtime
Liability disputes
Include appropriate
packaging instructions in
specification
Agree on insurance cover
for supplier to provide
Accept delivery only after
inspection
Know when title of goods
is transferred to buyer
Fraud Misuse of resources
Legal action
Disruption to procurement
activities
Maintain an ethical
environment
Follow and maintain fraud
control procedures
Key personnel not
available
Progress on project
disrupted
Less expertise
Include requirement in
specification and ensure
compliance in post-tender
negotiation
Know the market
Accept risk and manage
possible delay
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
21
10. Evaluating the procurement process
Risk Likely consequences Action
Failure to evaluate
procurement and
management processes
Failure to improve
procurement and
management processes
Develop systematic
evaluation methods,
techniques and evaluation
criteria
Failure to identify and
address problems
Procurement objectives
not achieved
Possible failure in the
future
Agree on performance
criteria (with supplier and
customer)
Develop good relationships
with suppliers
Include evaluation clause
in the contract
Implement performance
management strategies
11. Disposals
Risk Likely consequences Action
Collusive bidding at
auction
Not achieving best return
Claims of unethical and
unfair practices
Set reserve prices
Deal with reputable firms
Include disposal clause in
initial contract
Maintain ethical
environment
Inadequate tender
management
Claims of bias and
favouritism to
organisations or individuals
Reduction in value for
money
Sell by open tender
Document reasons for
decision
Provide staff with
appropriate training
Acknowledgment: This checklist is based on a checklist developed by, and has been reproduced with the
permission of, the NSW Department of Public Works and Services.
Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023
21

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STKI Summit 2014 - Trends and Positioning - Delivery domain
 

IT procurement v2

  • 1. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 1 :‫הנדון‬‫גדולות‬ ‫מדף‬ ‫תכנות‬ ‫ברכש‬ ‫לב‬ ‫אליהם‬ ‫לשים‬ ‫שכדאי‬ ‫נקודות‬ ‫מדף‬ ‫תכונות‬ ‫ברכש‬ ‫לב‬ ‫אליהם‬ ‫לשים‬ ‫שכדאי‬ ‫שונים‬ ‫בתחומים‬ ‫נקודות‬ ‫של‬ ‫רשימה‬ ‫להלן‬ ‫לבקשתך‬ ‫בהמשך‬.‫גדולות‬ ‫תוכן‬ ‫דגש‬‫בשלב‬initiation‫ונושאים‬‫כלליים‬........................................................................................................1 ‫מוצר‬‫ורישוי‬......................................................................................................................................2 ‫אינטגרטור‬‫ישראלי‬‫חו‬"‫ל‬.....................................................................................................................3 ‫דגש‬‫בנושא‬‫תשתיות‬‫חומרה‬‫פיתוח‬‫נהלים‬..................................................................................................3 ‫דגש‬‫בשלב‬‫פיתוח‬.................................................................................................................................4 ‫דגש‬‫בשלב‬‫בדיקו‬‫ת‬‫ואינטגרציה‬................................................................................................................4 ‫דגש‬‫בשלב‬‫הטמעה‬‫ובשלב‬on going‫ו‬-phase out.......................................................................................5 ‫בשלב‬ ‫דגש‬initiation‫כלליים‬ ‫ונושאים‬ ‫לספק‬ ‫התשלום‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫מודל‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫רצוי‬ .‫הפרויקט‬ ‫של‬ ‫ההצלחה‬ ‫הגדרת‬‫של‬ ‫ההצלחה‬ ‫על‬ ‫מבוססים‬ ‫יהיו‬ ‫אינטגטור‬ ‫של‬ ‫לפרוייקט‬ ‫(בדוגמה‬ ‫כמו‬ ‫דברים‬ .‫הפרוייקט‬CRM)‫בקריאות‬ ‫הטיפול‬ ‫זמן‬ ‫את‬ ‫להוריד‬ ‫היא‬ ‫העקרית‬ ‫כשהמטרה‬ ‫הממוצע‬ ‫הטיפול‬ ‫זמן‬ ‫את‬ ‫להוריד‬ ‫ומצליחים‬ ‫"במידה‬‫ב‬ ‫בקריאה‬-5%‫יהיה‬ ‫התשלום‬ ‫אז‬X‫ומצליחים‬ ‫במידה‬ . ‫ב‬ ‫לקריאה‬ ‫הממוצע‬ ‫הטיפול‬ ‫זמן‬ ‫את‬ ‫להוריד‬-11%‫יהיה‬ ‫התשלום‬Y." ‫הפרויקט‬ ‫(תחילת‬ ‫הרישוי‬ ‫עבור‬ ‫התשלום‬ ‫תחילת‬ ‫תאריך‬ ‫את‬ ‫מחשבים‬ ‫כיצד‬/)‫לאוויר‬ ‫עלייה‬ ‫בחוזה‬ ‫עמידה‬ ‫אי‬-?‫בחוזה‬ ‫עומדים‬ ‫לא‬ ‫אם‬ ‫קורה‬ ‫מה‬ ‫חשובה‬ ‫כללית‬ ‫הערה‬–‫בהס‬ ‫שינויים‬‫שבו‬ ‫מצב‬ ‫תאר‬ ‫הלקוחות‬ ‫(אחד‬ ‫ספציפי‬ ‫באופן‬ ‫הרכש‬ ‫מול‬ ‫רק‬ ‫יתבצעו‬ ‫כם‬ ‫על‬ ‫לחצו‬ ‫ההתקנה‬ ‫ובמסגרת‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫של‬ ‫חדשה‬ ‫גרסה‬ ‫התקינו‬ ‫הטכניים‬ ‫האנשים‬I AGREE‫הרישוי‬ ‫תנאי‬ ‫את‬ ‫ששינה‬ –‫ר‬ ‫סופרים‬ ‫איך‬‫י‬.)‫שיונות‬ ‫א‬ /‫מקומי‬ ‫ספק‬ ,‫בינ"ל‬ ‫ספק‬ /‫(לקוח‬ ‫בפרויקט‬ ‫המעורבים‬ ‫השונים‬ ‫גורמים‬ ‫בין‬ ‫האחריות‬ ‫הגדרת‬)‫ינטגרטור‬ ‫מערכת‬ ‫מספק‬ ‫שהספק‬ ‫נניח‬ ,‫לדוגמה‬ .‫מהגבולות‬ ‫לעיתים‬ ‫לחרוג‬ ‫אפשרות‬ ‫וגם‬ ‫מערכת‬ ‫של‬ ‫גבולות‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬ ‫על‬ ‫שמבוססת‬microfocus cobol‫ל‬ ‫לעבור‬ ‫מעדיף‬ ‫שהלקוח‬ ‫נניח‬ .-cobol-IT‫(במידה‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫סנריו‬ ‫שיהיה‬ ‫רצוי‬ . ‫ה‬ )‫הספק‬ ‫ידי‬ ‫על‬ ‫ולא‬ ‫עצמאי‬ ‫באופן‬ ‫כזה‬ ‫מהלך‬ ‫לבצע‬ ‫ומעדיפים‬‫לקוח‬‫יוכל‬‫את‬ ‫ולהחזיר‬ ‫בעצמו‬ ‫ההחלפה‬ ‫את‬ ‫לבצע‬ .‫כללי‬ ‫להיות‬ ‫צריך‬ ‫העקרון‬ ‫אבל‬ ‫התשתיות‬ ‫מתחום‬ ‫היא‬ ‫כאן‬ ‫הדוגמה‬ .‫הספק‬ ‫לאחריות‬ ‫המערכת‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫אם‬-‫בוררות‬ ‫לקיים‬ ‫דעות‬ ‫חילוקי‬ ‫ויש‬ ‫במידה‬‫אביב‬ ‫תל‬ ‫בישראל‬ ‫משפט‬. ‫יקרה‬ ‫והתוכנה‬ ‫במידה‬per seat‫של‬ ‫רכיב‬ ‫בפתרון‬ ‫לכלול‬ ‫רצוי‬usagemetering‫השימוש‬ ‫מידת‬ ‫את‬ ‫בוחן‬ ‫אשר‬ ‫ה‬ ‫רכיב‬ ‫מדידות‬ ‫(לפי‬ ‫בתוכנה‬ ‫מהותי‬ ‫באופן‬ ‫ישתמשו‬ ‫לא‬ ‫אשר‬ ‫מלקוחות‬ ‫התוכנה‬ ‫תוסר‬ ‫למשל‬ ‫כך‬ .‫בתוכנה‬- usagemetering. ) ‫כלום‬ ‫יתקין‬ ‫לא‬ ‫שהספק‬–‫לבדיקה‬ ‫לא‬ ‫אפילו‬-‫רכש‬ ‫של‬ ‫אישור‬ ‫שקיבל‬ ‫מבלי‬ ‫המכירות‬ ‫אנשי‬ ‫מתוגמלים‬ ‫כיצד‬ ‫מוקדם‬ ‫שיותר‬ ‫כמה‬ ‫ולהבין‬ ‫לנסות‬ ‫רצוי‬‫הגלובלי‬ ‫האינטגרטור‬ ‫של‬ ‫והן‬ ‫היצרן‬ ‫של‬ ‫הן‬ ‫האם‬ ?‫הכנסות‬ ‫סה"כ‬ ‫לפי‬ ‫מתוגמלים‬ ‫האם‬ .‫והמקומי‬‫רק‬‫ולהתאים‬ ‫לנסות‬ ‫ואז‬ ?‫גידול‬ ‫לפי‬ ‫האם‬ ?‫חדש‬ ‫רישוי‬ ‫לפי‬ .‫זה‬ ‫ידע‬ ‫לפי‬ ‫ומתן‬ ‫המשא‬ ‫את‬
  • 2. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 2 ‫(הישראלי‬ ‫האינטגרטור‬ ‫או‬ ‫היצרן‬ ‫עם‬ ‫גם‬ ‫תקפים‬ ‫יהיו‬ ‫בהסכם‬ ‫שהתנאים‬ ‫התחייבות‬ ‫לקבל‬ ‫רצוי‬‫או‬ ‫ירכשו‬ )‫חו"ל‬ ‫יתמז‬‫גו‬.)‫עתידיים‬ ‫מוצרים‬ ‫על‬ ‫הסעיף‬ ‫של‬ ‫תוקפו‬ ‫(כולל‬ ‫אחרים‬ ‫ידיד‬ ‫על‬ ‫שינוי‬ ‫ויש‬ ‫שבמידה‬ ‫כך‬ )‫לעסקה‬ ‫כללי‬ ‫מחיר‬ ‫(לא‬ ‫העסקה‬ ‫של‬ ‫הבודדת‬ ‫השורה‬ ‫ברמת‬ ‫מחירים‬ ‫פירוט‬ ‫שיהיה‬ ‫רצוי‬ .‫השינוי‬ ‫משמעות‬ ‫על‬ ‫להשליך‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫על‬ ‫שיקל‬ ‫באופן‬ ‫כלומר‬ "‫לשינויים‬ ‫"מוכן‬ ‫ההסכם‬ ‫את‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫רצוי‬ ‫כללי‬ ‫באופן‬‫ביצוע‬‫שינ‬.‫שיותר‬ ‫כמה‬ ‫בתכולה‬ ‫ויים‬ ‫כללי‬ ‫באופן‬–‫הסכם‬ ‫על‬ ‫חותמים‬ ‫אם‬ ‫כלומר‬ .‫הבא‬ ‫להסכם‬ ‫התנאים‬ ‫את‬ ‫שיכין‬ ‫כך‬ ‫הנוכחי‬ ‫ההסכם‬ ‫את‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫צריך‬ ‫ל‬-5‫(הסכם‬ ‫הבא‬ ‫להסכם‬ ‫גם‬ ‫תקפים‬ ‫יהיו‬ ‫זה‬ ‫בהסכם‬ ‫שהתנאים‬ ‫כך‬ ‫כל‬ ‫שמדברת‬ ‫פסקה‬ ‫להוסיף‬ ‫רצוי‬ ‫שנים‬ .)‫התחזוקה‬‫יוכל‬ ‫לא‬ ‫שהספק‬ ‫כך‬‫להעלות‬'‫וכד‬ ‫תחזוקה‬ ‫מחירי‬. ‫מוצר‬‫ורישוי‬ ‫חדשה‬ ‫גרסה‬ ‫שיוצאת‬ ‫פעם‬ ‫(בכל‬ ‫הפעמים‬ ‫לכמות‬ ‫התחייבות‬/)‫אחר‬ :‫הרישוי‬ ‫מקנה‬ ‫בדיוק‬ ‫מה‬‫תמידי‬ ‫רישיון‬perpetual license)‫ותחזוקה‬ )‫או‬( ‫מנוי‬subscription license) ‫על‬ ‫ומדובר‬ ‫במידה‬perpetual–.‫תחזוקה‬ ‫דמי‬ ‫תשלום‬ ‫ללא‬ ‫במוצר‬ ‫להשתמש‬ ‫אפשרות‬ ‫שיש‬ ‫לוודא‬ ‫ב‬ ‫ובוחרים‬ ‫במידה‬-subscription‫ל‬ "‫"חזרה‬ ‫לעבור‬ ‫המשמעות‬ ‫מה‬-perpetual ‫מודל‬ ‫בכל‬–.‫הלקוח‬ ‫בבעלות‬ ‫הם‬ ‫שהנתונים‬ ‫לוודא‬ ‫צריך‬ .‫ומתי‬ ‫לקבל‬ ‫אמורים‬ ‫שדרוגים‬ ‫איזה‬ ‫מידע‬ ‫מראש‬ ‫לקבל‬ ‫לנסות‬ ‫תשתיות‬ ‫עדכוני‬ ‫של‬ ‫לסוגיה‬ ‫להתייחס‬–‫המוצר‬ ‫עדכון‬ ‫כוללת‬ ‫התחזוקה‬ ‫שעלות‬ ‫כלומר‬‫חד‬ ‫לגרסאות‬ ‫פתרון‬‫שות‬ ‫לינוקס‬ ‫של‬windowsIOS ANDROID.'‫וכד‬ ‫התוכנה‬ ‫את‬ ‫מוכרים‬ ‫שאמדוקס‬ ‫(כמו‬ "‫והקוד‬ ‫התוכנה‬ ‫על‬ ‫ל"בעלות‬ ‫השונים‬ ‫מהמודלים‬ ‫לעבור‬ ‫אפשרות‬ ‫יש‬ ‫האם‬ ‫שלהם‬–)‫בעצמו‬ ‫אותה‬ ‫לשנות‬ ‫ויכול‬ ‫התוכנה‬ ‫את‬ ‫מקבל‬ ‫והלקוח‬ )‫המוצר‬ ‫של‬ ‫קסטומצזיה‬ ‫(אפילו‬ ‫הפרוייקט‬ ‫במסגרת‬ ‫קוד‬ ‫כותבים‬ ‫שכאשר‬ ‫לוודא‬–‫שהלק‬‫הקוד‬ ‫של‬ ‫הבעלים‬ ‫הוא‬ ‫וח‬ .‫שנכתב‬ ‫להגדיר‬.‫התוכנה‬ ‫רישוי‬ ‫את‬ ‫סופרים‬ ‫איך‬ ‫מראש‬‫ב‬ ‫משתמשים‬ ‫שבארגון‬ ‫לציין‬ ‫הוא‬ ‫טוב‬ ‫הכי‬ ‫הדבר‬-SMS‫או‬CA‫או‬ ‫כזה‬ ‫משהו‬–‫ולפי‬‫הדו‬".‫הכמויות‬ ‫יקבעו‬ ‫הכלי‬ ‫של‬ ‫ח‬‫כך‬‫בעצמו‬ ‫ספירה‬ ‫ולבצע‬ ‫לבוא‬ ‫מהספק‬ ‫מונעים‬(‫כלים‬ ‫עם‬ ‫מתקין‬ ‫שהוא‬). ‫תוכנה‬ ‫של‬ ‫משנה‬ ‫רכיבי‬ ‫לגבי‬–( ‫הרישוי‬ ‫את‬ ‫להעביר‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬perpetual‫ב‬ ‫(אם‬ ‫השימוש‬ ‫זכות‬ ‫או‬ )- subscription‫ב‬ ‫אחרות‬ ‫למערכות‬ )‫לקוח‬‫רוכשים‬ ‫העסקה‬ ‫במסגרת‬ ‫אם‬ ,‫לדוגמא‬ ?‫שוכרים‬11‫המוצר‬ ‫של‬ ‫רישיונות‬ ‫ב‬ ‫רק‬ ‫שמשתמשים‬ ‫מסתבר‬ ‫בפועל‬ ‫אבל‬-8‫ני‬ ‫האם‬ ,‫את‬ ‫להעביר‬ ‫תן‬2‫ב‬ ‫אחר‬ ‫במקום‬ ‫לשימוש‬ ‫הרישיונות‬‫לקוח‬? ‫לוירטואלי‬ ‫פיזי‬ ‫שרת‬ ‫בין‬ ‫רישוי‬ ‫להעביר‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬,‫(לינוקס‬ ‫שונות‬ ‫פלטפורמות‬ ‫ובין‬ ‫לענן‬ ,WINDOWS‫מ‬ ,-IOS ‫ל‬-android?) ‫רוכשים‬ ‫אם‬ ‫לדוגמה‬ ?‫רישוי‬ ‫להקפיא‬ ‫אפשרות‬ ‫יש‬ ‫האם‬11‫מסויימת‬ ‫תקופה‬ ‫אבל‬ ‫רשיונות‬‫שצריך‬ ‫מבינים‬ ‫ב‬ ‫רק‬ ‫להשתמש‬-8‫ב‬ ‫לשימוש‬ ‫לחזור‬ ‫הזמן‬ ‫תקופת‬ ‫ולאחר‬ "‫הרישוי‬ ‫את‬ ‫"להקפיא‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫האם‬ ,‫רשיונות‬-11 ?‫רשיונות‬ ?)‫שירות‬ ‫(לשכת‬ ‫שלישי‬ ‫לגורם‬ ‫הרשיונות‬ ‫את‬ ‫להעביר‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫האם‬ ?)‫תשתית‬ ‫מוצרי‬ ‫(של‬ ‫מהבית‬ "‫רישוי‬ ‫ל"הביא‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬ :‫עתידיות‬ ‫גרסאות‬ / ‫מנועים‬ / ‫מודולים‬ a.‫מהי‬‫של‬ ‫מחודשת‬ ‫רכישה‬ ‫שיצריכו‬ ‫משמעותיות‬ ‫גרסאות‬ ‫יש‬ ‫האם‬ ?‫חדשות‬ ‫לגרסאות‬ ‫התמחור‬ ‫מדיניות‬ ?‫רישוי‬ b.( ‫נתמך‬ ‫להיות‬ ‫מפסיק‬ )‫ממנו‬ ‫חלק‬ ‫(או‬ ‫המוצר‬ ‫עם‬ ‫קורה‬ ‫מה‬discontinues‫אם‬ ‫קורה‬ ‫מה‬ ‫לחילופין‬ ‫או‬ ) ‫אחר‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫עם‬ )‫מודול‬ ‫(או‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫מאחדים‬)‫מוצרים‬ ‫תתי‬ ‫לכמה‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫מפצלים‬ ‫(או‬-‫לש‬ ‫כעת‬ ‫צריך‬ ‫האם‬‫לם‬ ?‫המורחב‬ ‫המוצר‬ ‫על‬‫"ש‬ ‫כזו‬ ‫בצורה‬ ‫לנסח‬ ‫רצוי‬"‫החברה‬‫מתחייבת‬‫על‬ ‫לשמור‬‫הפונקציונליות‬‫הנוכחית‬ ‫של‬‫המוצר‬‫פתרון‬‫לאורך‬‫זמן‬‫על‬‫פי‬‫התמחור‬‫הבסיסי‬‫של‬‫ההסכם‬.‫במידה‬‫והפונקציונליות‬‫אינה‬‫מתקיימת‬ ‫במוצר‬‫הנוכחי‬,‫הספק‬‫יבצע‬‫החלפה‬‫למוצר‬‫או‬‫תחליפים‬ ‫מוצרים‬‫ללא‬‫עלות‬‫ובכדי‬‫לשמור‬‫על‬‫התנאים‬ ‫של‬‫הסכם‬‫זה‬." c./ ‫מסמכים‬ ‫ארכיון‬ ‫(ניהול‬ "‫"מנועים‬ ‫כולל‬ ‫המחיר‬ ‫האם‬BI)‫ועוד‬ ‫אינטגרציה‬ ‫תשתית‬ / ‫מובנה‬
  • 3. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 3 d.%‫נוספים‬ ‫מודולים‬ / ‫למנועים‬ ‫ממחירון‬ ‫הנחה‬ e.‫בעסקה‬ ‫מחירונים‬ ‫ומוזכרים‬ ‫במידה‬–‫ביום‬ ‫זה‬ ‫מחירון‬ ‫להדפיס‬ ,‫מדובר‬ ‫מחירון‬ ‫באיזה‬ ‫ספציפית‬ ‫לציין‬ ‫יש‬ )‫בטחון‬ ‫(לייתר‬ ‫ההסכם‬ ‫תחילת‬. f.‫או‬ ‫ישראלים‬ ‫במחירונים‬ ‫ולא‬ ‫גלובליים‬ ‫במחירים‬ ‫להשתמש‬ ‫כמובן‬ ‫עדיף‬regional. ‫ישראלי‬ ‫אינטגרטור‬‫חו"ל‬ ‫ישראלי‬ ‫ספק‬ / ‫מקומי‬ ‫שותף‬-‫אמריקאי‬ ‫ספק‬ ‫מול‬ ‫בחוזה‬ ‫חותמים‬ ‫מה‬ ‫על‬ a.‫לוקליזציה‬ b.‫גיור‬ c.‫בעברית‬ ‫תמיכה‬ ‫שעת‬ ‫כל‬ ‫ולתמחר‬ ‫היצרן‬ ‫של‬ "‫בינלאומי‬ ‫יועץ‬ ‫"שעות‬ ‫של‬ ‫סעיף‬ ‫לחוזה‬ ‫להוסיף‬‫נוספת‬ ‫ייעוץ‬ SLA‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬ .SLA‫עם‬ ‫בקריאות‬ ‫טיפול‬ ‫לזמני‬escalations‫במקרה‬ ‫מחו"ל‬ ‫אנשים‬ ‫של‬ ‫שליחה‬ ‫של‬ ‫להגדרה‬ ‫(עד‬ .)‫קירטיות‬ ‫תקלות‬ ‫של‬ ‫ל‬ ‫שמתייחסים‬ ‫להקפיד‬- a.Blueprint–‫אב‬ ‫תכנית‬ b.Statement of Work(SOW)-‫חוזה‬‫ההתק‬‫שרות‬‫ו‬‫ה‬"‫מפרט‬‫טכני‬",‫המהווה‬‫בסיס‬‫לכל‬‫ההסכמות‬‫שבין‬ ‫הלקוח‬‫לספק‬‫ו‬‫הצדדים‬ ‫שני‬ ‫על‬ ‫מקובל‬ c.‫עבודה‬ ‫מודלים‬–( ‫אדם‬ ‫כוח‬Sourcing‫שונים‬ ‫מודלים‬ ‫בין‬ ‫ושילוב‬ ) i.‫ב‬ ‫העבודה‬ ‫כמות‬-fix price.‫עלול‬‫להיות‬‫נמוך‬ ‫מתומחר‬‫מאוד‬‫בתחילת‬‫הפרויקט‬‫ולאחר‬‫מכן‬ ‫לעבור‬‫למודל‬‫תמחור‬‫רווח‬‫גבוה‬. ii.‫ב‬ ‫העבודה‬ ‫כמות‬-cost plus.‫למכור‬ ‫הוא‬ ‫הספק‬ ‫אינטרס‬ .‫שעות‬ ‫לפי‬ ‫תמחור‬‫את‬‫כמות‬‫השעות‬ ‫הגדולה‬‫ביותר‬‫או‬.‫ניסיון‬ ‫ללא‬ ‫עובדים‬ ‫השמת‬ iii.Managed services-‫קטנות‬ ‫עבודה‬ ‫חבילות‬‫עם‬‫מראש‬ ‫נקבע‬ ‫בהן‬ ‫והתמחור‬ ‫העבודה‬ ‫תכולת‬ ‫משתנה‬ ‫עלות‬ ‫של‬ ‫רכיב‬ ‫עם‬–Variable fix price. iv.‫הפנימית‬ ‫העבודה‬ ‫כמות‬-in-house‫במומחי‬ ‫תלוי‬ .‫הבית‬ ‫בתוך‬ ‫הקיימים‬ ‫אדם‬ ‫וכוח‬ ‫ות‬ ‫חומרה‬ ‫תשתיות‬ ‫בנושא‬ ‫דגש‬‫פיתוח‬‫נהלים‬ ‫או‬ ‫נתמך‬ ‫להיות‬ ‫מפסיק‬ ‫הטכנולוגיים‬ ‫הרכיבים‬ ‫ואחד‬ ‫נניח‬ .‫טכנולוגיים‬ ‫רכיבים‬ ‫להחלפת‬ ‫תהליך‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫לנסות‬ ‫יש‬ ‫לגמרי‬ ‫נסגר‬–.‫העדכנית‬ ‫לטכנולוגיה‬ ‫ההחלפה‬ ‫את‬ ‫מבצעים‬ ‫איך‬ ‫כבר‬ ‫יצא‬ ‫עם‬ ‫לדוגמה‬ .‫עדכנית‬ ‫תהיה‬ ‫שמקבלים‬ ‫הטכנולוגיה‬ ‫המערכת‬ ‫מסירת‬ ‫שבזמן‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬oracle 12C‫אז‬ ‫על‬ ‫מבוסס‬ ‫מוצר‬ ‫לקבל‬ ‫לא‬oracle 11g.‫גבולות‬ ‫כאן‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬ . ‫חומרה‬ ‫לגבי‬-‫מהסכמים‬ ‫כחלק‬ ‫לתת‬ ‫התחזוקה‬ ‫את‬ ‫אבל‬ ‫הפרוייקט‬ ‫במסגרת‬ ‫החומרה‬ ‫את‬ ‫לרכוש‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬ ‫לבדוק‬ ?‫הארגון‬ ‫של‬ ‫אחרים‬ ‫חומרה‬ ‫לגבי‬-‫לגבי‬ ‫בעיקר‬ ‫(רלוונטי‬ ‫היצרן‬ ‫למעבדת‬ ‫הציוד‬ ‫את‬ ‫להביא‬ ‫יש‬ ‫או‬ ‫הלקוח‬ ‫בבית‬ ‫היא‬ ‫התחזוקה‬ ‫האם‬ .)‫קצה‬ ‫ציוד‬ ‫(או‬ ‫מתוחזקת‬ ‫שאינה‬ ‫חומרה‬ ‫על‬ ‫מותקנת‬ ‫היא‬ ‫גם‬ ‫בתוכנה‬ ‫ולהשתמש‬ ‫להמשיך‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫ההסכם‬ ‫בתנאי‬ ‫האם‬ ‫מתוחזקת‬per call?) ‫שינויים‬ ‫של‬ ‫המשמעות‬ ‫מה‬ ‫מראש‬ ‫להבין‬ ‫יש‬ ‫בתוכנה‬‫בחומרה‬ ‫צפויים‬–,‫אחסון‬ ‫של‬ ‫מראש‬ ‫ידועה‬ ‫מחירים‬ ‫ירידת‬ ‫ה‬ ‫במספר‬ ‫גידול‬-CORES( ‫חדשות‬ ‫מעבדים‬ ‫לארכיטקטורת‬ ‫אולי‬ ‫מעבר‬ ,‫בשרתים‬ARM).'‫וכד‬ ‫ואחריות‬ ‫שיפוי‬–.‫פתוח‬ ‫בקוד‬ ‫שימוש‬ ‫בתנאי‬ ‫עמידה‬ ‫אי‬ ‫יש‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫מצב‬ ‫על‬ ‫אחריות‬ ‫לקחת‬ ‫הספק‬ ‫על‬
  • 4. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 4 ‫להיות‬ ‫יכול‬ ‫אבל‬ ‫ראלית‬ ‫אלטרנטיבה‬ ‫נראה‬ ‫לא‬ ‫ענן‬ ‫כעת‬‫אבטחת‬ ‫מבחינת‬ ‫מקובל‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫הדבר‬ ‫שנים‬ ‫כמה‬ ‫שעוד‬ ‫ב‬ ‫נמצאים‬ ‫שהיום‬ ‫(חלקים‬ ‫ממנה‬ ‫חלקים‬ ‫או‬ ‫שהמערכת‬ ‫סנריו‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫רצוי‬ .‫ורגולציה‬ ‫מידע‬-DMZ‫לענן‬ ‫יעברו‬ ) :‫ל‬ ‫התייחסות‬ ‫היתר‬ ‫בין‬ ‫לכלול‬ ‫צריכים‬ ‫ענן‬ ‫על‬ ‫שמדברים‬ ‫הסכמים‬ .‫ציבורי‬ ‫לזמינות‬ ‫התחייבות‬ ‫ב‬ ‫עמידה‬ ‫אי‬ ‫על‬ ‫קנסות‬-SLA ‫מ‬ ‫אבטחת‬ ‫איזה‬‫סטנדרטים‬ ‫איזה‬ ‫ולפי‬ ‫מקבלים‬ ‫ידע‬ ‫ו‬ ‫עסקית‬ ‫להמשכיות‬ ‫התייחסות‬-DR ‫של‬ ‫לנושא‬ ‫התייחסות‬privacy ‫תשלום‬ ‫עיכוב‬ ‫יש‬ ‫אם‬ ‫קורה‬ ‫מה‬–‫המערכת‬ ‫את‬ "‫ש"מכבים‬ ‫מצב‬ ‫יהיה‬ ‫שלא‬ ‫וקסטומיזציה‬ ‫נתונים‬ ‫של‬ ‫בעלות‬)‫ענן‬ ‫של‬ ‫(בהקשר‬ :‫נתונים‬ ‫הסבת‬?‫נתונים‬ ‫ואיכות‬ ‫טיוב‬ ‫בכלי‬ ‫ההסבה‬ ‫לצורך‬ ‫משתמשים‬ ‫האם‬ ‫דגש‬‫פיתוח‬ ‫בשלב‬ ‫לקוח‬ ‫צמידות‬‫ספק‬‫ב‬ ‫שינויים‬ ‫וניהול‬ ‫אינטגרטור‬-scope–‫בין‬ ‫בצמוד‬ ‫עבודה‬ ‫ישנה‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫הסכם‬ ‫לבנות‬ ‫רצוי‬ ‫ה‬ ‫לבין‬ ‫הפרוייקט‬‫לקוח‬‫ב‬ ‫שינויים‬ ‫לבצע‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫ובו‬-scope‫(רוח‬AGILE‫ולחזור‬ ‫הדרישות‬ ‫את‬ ‫לספק‬ ‫את‬ ‫לתת‬ ‫אין‬ .) ‫ה‬ ‫את‬ ‫לשנות‬ ‫רוצים‬ ‫כאשר‬ ‫עוברים‬ ‫שבו‬ ‫התהליך‬ ‫את‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫כלומר‬ .‫עשה‬ ‫הוא‬ ‫מה‬ ‫ולראות‬ ‫שנה‬ ‫אחרי‬-scope. ‫לאוויר‬ ‫עולים‬ ‫כיצד‬-‫בשיטת‬ ‫האם‬cut over‫או‬ )‫השנייה‬ ‫למערכת‬ ‫עוברים‬ ‫אחד‬ ‫(ביום‬side by side‫(המערכות‬ ‫דרישה‬ ‫זאת‬ .)‫זו‬ ‫לצד‬ ‫זו‬ ‫עובדות‬‫פיתוח‬ ‫בזמן‬ ‫התייחסות‬ ‫חייבת‬ ‫אבל‬ ) ‫להטמעה‬ ‫(גם‬ ‫שלבים‬ ‫להרבה‬ ‫שקשורה‬ .‫המערכת‬ ‫(קו‬ ‫תמיכה‬2‫קו‬ /3)–‫לקוח‬‫האנשים‬ ‫כמות‬ ,‫שעות‬ ‫ואינטגרציה‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫בשלב‬ ‫דגש‬ ?‫אינטגרטור‬ ‫מבצע‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫אילו‬ ?‫ארגון‬ ‫מבצע‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫אילו‬ ‫אוט‬ ‫יהיו‬ )‫הבסיסיים‬ ‫הדברים‬ ‫של‬ ‫(לפחות‬ ‫מהבדיקות‬ ‫שחלק‬ ‫לדרוש‬ ‫רצוי‬.‫ומטיות‬ ‫לדרוש‬ ‫צריך‬ ‫מהבדיקות‬ ‫חלק‬ ‫לאיזה‬ ‫מראש‬ ‫להגדיר‬ ‫יש‬load test ‫אחרים‬ ‫אוטומטיות‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫לגבי‬-‫ה‬ ‫את‬ ‫מקבל‬ ‫שהלקוח‬ ‫לוודא‬ ‫יש‬-scripts.‫האוטומטיים‬ ‫שמבצע‬ ‫פרוייקט‬ ‫להעדיף‬ ‫האפשר‬ ‫במידת‬ ‫רצוי‬continuous integration ‫הבדיקות‬ ‫תסריטי‬ ‫את‬ ‫מקבל‬ ‫שהלקוח‬ ‫לוודא‬ ‫יש‬ ‫רכיבים‬ ‫איזה‬ ‫על‬‫יתבצע‬load test? ‫מידע‬ ‫אבטחת‬–‫השתלטות‬ ‫של‬ ‫מנגנון‬ ‫להבטיח‬ ‫אפשר‬ ‫כיצד‬ .‫מידע‬ ‫אבטחת‬ ‫של‬ ‫בהקשר‬ ‫יתבצעו‬ ‫בדיקות‬ ‫איזה‬ .‫מרחוק‬
  • 5. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 5 ‫הטמעה‬ ‫בשלב‬ ‫דגש‬‫ובשלב‬on going‫ו‬-phase out / ‫(פרטנית‬ ‫ההדרכה‬ ‫שיטת‬ ‫מהי‬train the trainers)'‫וכד‬ ‫ממוכנים‬ ‫למידה‬ ‫כלי‬ / ‫(קו‬ ‫תמיכה‬2‫קו‬ /3)–‫לקוח‬‫האנשים‬ ‫כמות‬ ,‫שעות‬ ?‫הפרויקט‬ ‫על‬ ‫ידע‬ ‫לשמר‬ ‫הספק‬ ‫מחויב‬ ‫זמן‬ ‫כמה‬ ,‫לאוויר‬ ‫עלייתו‬ ‫לאחר‬ ?‫בהכל‬ ‫להשתמש‬ ‫רוצים‬ ‫לא‬ ‫אם‬ ‫חלקו‬ ‫או‬ ‫הרישוי‬ ‫את‬ ‫אחר‬ ‫למשהו‬ ‫למכור‬ ‫ניתן‬ ‫האם‬ " ‫לשקול‬ ‫רצוי‬ )‫בחלקו‬ ‫(אפילו‬ ‫ללקוח‬ ‫ספציפית‬ ‫שמפותח‬ ‫פרוייקט‬ ‫על‬ ‫ומדובר‬ ‫במידה‬‫לקוח‬‫כחלק‬ ‫שיתקבלו‬ "‫שינויים‬ ‫הת‬ ‫מסכום‬‫כמו‬ ‫משהו‬ .‫חזוקה‬–‫קטן‬ ‫שינוי‬ ‫להגדיר‬‫בינוני‬‫עד‬ ‫כוללת‬ ‫שהתחזוקה‬ ‫לקבוע‬ ‫ואז‬ ‫גדול‬5‫קטנים‬ ‫שינוים‬ .‫קטן‬ ‫אפילו‬ ‫שינוי‬ ‫שיש‬ ‫פעם‬ ‫בכל‬ "‫ותמחור‬ ‫"הדיינות‬ ‫פתיחת‬ ‫מונעים‬ ‫כך‬ .‫בינוניים‬ ‫שינויים‬ ‫ושני‬ ‫ברבעון‬
  • 6. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 6 ‫עבודה‬ ‫חבילות‬ /‫הפרויקט‬ ‫ניהול‬ International vendor Integrator Local vendor Company All other vendors
  • 7. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 7 :‫הטמעה‬  :‫הדרכה‬ : ‫מתוך‬ ‫כללית‬ ‫רשימה‬ ‫גם‬ ‫מצ"ב‬ http://www.purchasing.tas.gov.au/buyingforgovernment/getpage.jsp?uid=07CC4222E4F10F00CA256C8D00 7F9FC6 Front Office Digitalization Integration Layer Localization Package Basic Software DB, Middleware Hardware Sizing, vendors S E C U R I T Y S E C U R I T Y
  • 8. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 8 Checklist of potential risks in the goods and services procurement process (Version 2 – December 2006) 1. Identifying the need and planning the purchase 2. Developing the specification 3. Selecting the purchasing method 4. Purchasing documentation 5. Inviting, clarifying and closing offers 6. Evaluating offers 7. Selecting the successful tenderer 8. Negotiations 9. Contract management 10. Evaluating the procurement process 11. Disposals 1. Identifying the need and planning the purchase Risk Likely consequences Action Understatement of the need Purchase of unsuitable product or service Money wasted Need not satisfied Analyse need accurately Overstatement of the need Greater expense Poor competition Analyse need accurately Use functional and performance requirements Misinterpretation of user needs Totally unacceptable purchase or not most suitable product or service Time lost Increased costs Possible downtime Improve consultation with users Obtain clear statement of work and definition of need Insufficient funding Delay in making the purchase Additional costs for re- tender Obtain appropriate approvals before undertaking process Improve planning
  • 9. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 9 Risk Likely consequences Action Impractical timeframe Inadequate responses from tenderers Reduced competition Delivery schedule not met Improve forecasting, planning and consultation with users Improve communication with potential tenderers Probity issues Increased procurement costs Misuse of resources Most suitable product not obtained Unethical conduct Implement best practice policies, guidelines and practices Maintain ethical environment Improve training of personnel Put suitable controls and reviews in place Consider using a probity adviser Improve communication with potential tenderers 2. Developing the specification Risk Likely consequences Action Narrow definition or commercial specification (eg. use of brand name) Fewer alternatives Most suitable product or service may not be obtained Increased costs Define the specification in terms of required outputs Use functional and performance specifications Definition of inappropriate product or service Need not satisfied Time lost Increased costs Possible downtime Ensure specification is consistent with needs analysis Improve market knowledge Use functional and performance specifications
  • 10. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 11 Biased specification Inadequate responses from tenderers Claims of unfair dealings Use functional and performance specifications Implement a control mechanism to review specification before release Inadequate statement of requirements Variety of offers Insufficient responses Products offered not meeting needs Difficult to evaluate Be familiar with requirements Use functional and performance specifications Use an Expression of Interest or Request for Information to clarify requirements (be careful not to infringe intellectual property rights or copyright) 3. Selecting the purchasing method Risk Likely consequences Action Failure to identify potential sources Lack of offers from suitable tenderers Improve procurement planning processes Improve market knowledge Seek industry participation Use Industry Capability Network Tasmania (ICNTAS) Selecting inappropriate method Need to seek offers again Possible cost variations Failure to obtain value for money Improve implementation of procurement policies, guidelines and practices Improve tender documentation and clearly identify the evaluation criteria in Request for Tenders
  • 11. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 11 Risk Likely consequences Action Provide staff with appropriate training and experience 4. Purchasing documentation Risk Likely consequences Action Terms and conditions unacceptable to tenderers Loading of costs in offers Having to modify tender terms and conditions Disruption Low response Use standard documentation prepared by Crown Law Select appropriate documentation for purchase type (ie. goods, services, goods and services, or information technology related) Improve tender planning Assess and allocate risks appropriately Consult with Crown Law Use commercially acceptable terms Provide staff with appropriate tender planning and procurement skills Providing inadequate information Loading of costs in offers Variations in offers Having to provide clarifying information, causing delays in tender closing Additional costs Ensure staff have appropriate tender planning and documentation training and experience Improve tender planning and preparation Review tender documents before issuing them and ensure evaluation criteria contain the critical factors
  • 12. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 12 Risk Likely consequences Action on which assessment of tenders will be based 5. Inviting, clarifying and closing offers Risk Likely consequences Action Failure to adequately address enquiries from tenderers Claims of unfair practices Offers with qualifications by tenderers Withdrawal of offers Implement standardised procedures for responding to enquiries Provide staff with appropriate tender management training and experience Respond in a timely manner to enquiries Allow adequate time for tenderers to respond Actual or perceived favouritism in providing information Complaints from tenderers Withdrawal of offers As above Answer queries in writing and provide copies to all potential tenderers Ensure that all potential tenderers are provided with any addenda Actual or perceived breach of confidentiality Complaints from tenderers Mistrust by tenderers Establish formal security procedures Train staff in their obligations Perform regular audits and reviews of security processes Advise tenderers of security measures Insufficient number of responses Need to undertake process again Use appropriate tender advertisement strategy to increase competition (eg.
  • 13. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 13 Risk Likely consequences Action Increased costs Delayed delivery to the client Poor value for money due to limited competition consider advertising tenders in other publications as well as the local paper) Consult with ICNTAS to identify potential tenderers Provide potential tenderers with advance notice of tender requests Improve tender documentation and specifications Allow sufficient time for tenderers to respond No response from known quality suppliers Reduced competition Increased costs of products or services Actions as above for insufficient number of responses Improve your market knowledge Review specifications or conditions Seek feedback from known suppliers on their non- response 6. Evaluating offers Risk Likely consequences Action Failure to follow effective evaluation procedures Inconsistent evaluations Possible complaints from tenderers Subjective not objective evaluation of offers Provide staff with appropriate tender assessment and evaluation training and experience
  • 14. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 14 Risk Likely consequences Action Improve tender assessment and evaluation processes Maintain, audit and review evaluation procedures Ensure that Evaluation Committee members declare any conflicts of interest Breaches of security Claims of unethical or unfair practices Loss of faith with tenderers Maintain, audit and review security procedures Provide staff with appropriate training and experience and monitor performance Ensure that Evaluation Committee members understand and sign Confidentiality Agreements Offers fail to meet needs Need to call tenders again Additional costs Delay in delivery Improve market knowledge Improve tender documentation Conduct market research Develop functional and performance specifications Failure to identify a clear winner Decision made on subjective grounds Claims of unethical and unfair behaviour Complaints from tenderers Ensure evaluation criteria contain the critical factors on which the assessment of tenders will be based and that they are clearly identifiable to tenderers in tender documents Ensure evaluation criteria are appropriate and measurable
  • 15. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 15 Risk Likely consequences Action Ensure that Evaluation Committee members sign Declaration of Conflict and Confidentiality Agreements 7. Selecting the successful tenderer Risk Likely consequences Action Selecting an inappropriate supplier Failure to fulfil the contract Provide staff with appropriate tender evaluation, financial and technical skills training and commercial expertise Improve evaluation procedures Improve evaluation criteria and clearly identify them to tenderers in tender documents Reject unacceptable offers Perform financial, technical and company evaluations before awarding contract Procurement Review Committee to review tender and selection process prior to awarding contract Selecting inappropriate product Failure to meet the client’s need Ensure users are involved in the evaluation/selection process Improve technical evaluation procedures and train staff as appropriate Procurement Review Committee to review tender and selection
  • 16. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 16 Risk Likely consequences Action process prior to awarding contract 8. Negotiations Risk Likely consequences Action Not matching the expectations of buyer and tenderer Contract disputes Delivery delays Cost variations Reduction in value for money Purchase of less suitable product Inefficient use of resources Improve communication, including ensuring that Conditions of Contract form part of the Request for Tender Provide staff with training in contract planning and management Define terms carefully Record each party’s obligations Clarify all ambiguities before signing the contract Deadlock on details of agreement Delays in delivery Need to restart procurement Possible cost of legal action Look at alternatives to share risk Distinguish between essential and non-essential goals and requirements Failure to secure mandatory conditions Inability to finalise contract Delays in delivery Variations in cost Inefficient use of resources Establish baseline before negotiations Distinguish essential goals from others Consider variations to contract Provide negotiators with adequate training Failure to secure agreement in relation to Inability to finalise contract Delays in delivery Ensure potential suppliers aware of Policy
  • 17. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 17 Risk Likely consequences Action Crown Contracts Confidentiality Policy Inefficient use of resources Requirement to negotiate with other ranked suppliers requirements before submitting responses Seek exemption from Crown Contracts Confidentiality Standing Committee Unfair or onerous requirements on the tenderer in the contract conditions Contract disputes Invalidity of contract Legal action Poor supplier/customer relationship Provide negotiators with adequate training and support Negotiate commercial terms Terms should be fair and reasonable Failure to reflect the terms offered and agreed in the contract Contract disputes Legal action Poor supplier/customer relationship Check final draft of contract with successful tenderer Keep records of all negotiations and agreements Inadvertently creating a contract without the delegate’s prior approval Expense of negotiating out of the contract and paying damages Committing to other associated work prior to main contract existing Procedure in place to ensure delegate’s approval obtained first Provide negotiators with adequate training 9. Contract management Risk Likely consequences Action Variations in price and foreign exchange Cost overruns Agree on prices and the basis of prices Agree on a formula for calculating variations Unwillingness of the supplier to accept the contract Delays in delivery Seek legal redress if non- acceptance causes loss
  • 18. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 18 Risk Likely consequences Action Need to restart procurement Negotiate but retain integrity of the contract Failure of either party to fulfil the conditions of the contract Contract disputes Failure to satisfy needs Delays in delivery Downtime Legal action Ensure good contract administration and performance management Hold regular inspections / meetings and ensure progress reports Ensure all staff know responsibilities and conditions Ensure good record keeping and documentation Inadequately administering the contract Cost increases Failure of contract Full benefits not achieved Delivery of unsatisfactory product Contract/supply disputes Maintain up-to-date agency procedures and practices Ensure all staff are suitably trained and experienced in contract planning and management Commencement of work by the supplier before contract is exchanged or letter of acceptance issued Potential liability to pay for unauthorised work Possibility of legal action for perceived breach of contract Confirm verbal acceptance of contract with written advice Accept all contracts in writing Ensure approvals are received before allowing work to start Unauthorised increase in scope of work Unanticipated cost increases Contract disputes Ensure all contract amendments are issued in writing Record all discussions and negotiations
  • 19. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 19 Risk Likely consequences Action Confirm instructions in writing Loss of intellectual property Loss of commercial opportunity Unwarranted reliance on supplier for product support Ensure suitable clauses are included in the contract Failure to meet liabilities of third parties (eg. royalties or third party property insurance) Legal action Damage to the agency’s professional reputation Check that all obligations are covered in the contract Agree on responsibilities Implement appropriate safety standards and programs Loss or damage to goods in transit Delays in delivery Downtime Liability disputes Include appropriate packaging instructions in specification Agree on insurance cover for supplier to provide Accept delivery only after inspection Know when title of goods is transferred to buyer Fraud Misuse of resources Legal action Disruption to procurement activities Maintain an ethical environment Follow and maintain fraud control procedures Key personnel not available Progress on project disrupted Less expertise Include requirement in specification and ensure compliance in post-tender negotiation Know the market Accept risk and manage possible delay
  • 20. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 21 10. Evaluating the procurement process Risk Likely consequences Action Failure to evaluate procurement and management processes Failure to improve procurement and management processes Develop systematic evaluation methods, techniques and evaluation criteria Failure to identify and address problems Procurement objectives not achieved Possible failure in the future Agree on performance criteria (with supplier and customer) Develop good relationships with suppliers Include evaluation clause in the contract Implement performance management strategies 11. Disposals Risk Likely consequences Action Collusive bidding at auction Not achieving best return Claims of unethical and unfair practices Set reserve prices Deal with reputable firms Include disposal clause in initial contract Maintain ethical environment Inadequate tender management Claims of bias and favouritism to organisations or individuals Reduction in value for money Sell by open tender Document reasons for decision Provide staff with appropriate training Acknowledgment: This checklist is based on a checklist developed by, and has been reproduced with the permission of, the NSW Department of Public Works and Services.
  • 21. Moshav Bnei Zion P.O.B 151, Israel 60910, Tel: 972-9-7077777 Fax: 972-9-7442444, Mobile: 0547-000023 21