Evolution of the thermal niche and its impact on biodiversity patterns in seaweeds
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This document summarizes research on how seaweed biodiversity patterns relate to the evolution of thermal niches. The research used phylogenetic and spatial data on seaweed collections along with environmental datasets to model niche evolution and diversification rates along lineages. Key findings include that diversification in some seaweed groups like Codium and Dictyota relates to their ability to shift thermal niches, particularly a ability to adapt to different sea surface temperatures, and that niche evolvability helps explain latitudinal biodiversity gradients in seaweeds.
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Evolution of the thermal niche and its impact on biodiversity patterns in seaweeds
- 1. EVOLUTION OF THE THERMAL NICHE AND ITS IMPACT ON BIODIVERSITY PATTERNS IN SEAWEEDS Heroen Verbruggen Vanessa Marcelino Lennert Tyberghein Olivier De Clerck
- 5. h;p://www.bio-‐oracle.ugent.be Bio-‐ORACLE Ocean Rasters for Analysis of Climate and Environment Tyberghein et al. (2012) Global Ecol. Biogeogr. 21: 272-‐281
- 6. algal collecLons environmental datasets: Bio-‐ORACLE
- 7. algal collecLons environmental datasets: Bio-‐ORACLE mulL-‐gene alignment DNA sequencing species tree phylogeneLc inference
- 8. algal collecLons environmental datasets: Bio-‐ORACLE mulL-‐gene alignment DNA sequencing species tree phylogeneLc inference geographic coordinates accurate idenLficaLons georeferencing DNA barcoding
- 9. algal collecLons environmental datasets: Bio-‐ORACLE mulL-‐gene alignment DNA sequencing species tree phylogeneLc inference geographic coordinates accurate idenLficaLons environmental affiniLes of species georeferencing DNA barcoding GIS data extracLon
- 10. species tree environmental affiniLes of species
- 11. species tree environmental affiniLes of species diversificaLon models Result: speciaLon-‐exLncLon dynamics
- 12. species tree environmental affiniLes of species diversificaLon models Result: speciaLon-‐exLncLon dynamics Result: evoluLonary changes in environmental affiniLes trait evoluLon models
- 13. species tree environmental affiniLes of species diversificaLon models Result: speciaLon-‐exLncLon dynamics Result: evoluLonary changes in environmental affiniLes Result: environmental correlates of speciaLon-‐exLncLon diversificaLon models trait evoluLon models
- 17. Halimeda – species diversity map map by Tom Schils
- 18. SST affiniLes modeled along tree C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 Verbruggen et al. (2009) Global Ecol. Biogeogr. 18: 393-‐405
- 19. How does evolvability of thermal niches come about?
- 20. Marcelino et al. – unpublished Halimeda – microhabitat evoluLon Exposed microhabitat Sheltered microhabitat
- 21. Marcelino et al. – unpublished Microhabitat specializaLon as exaptaLon for macroecological shi`s sheltered exposed
- 22. Can niche evoluLon explain geographical pa;erns of diversity?
- 23. low high Ti;ensor et al. (2010) Nature 466: 1098-‐1107 — Jablonski et al. (2006) Science 314: 102-‐106 The notorious LDG Decreasing species diversity from tropics to poles Many, many, MANY explanaLons proposed EvoluLonary perspecLve: species turnover
- 24. Kerswell (2006) Ecology 10: 2479-‐2488 Bimodal laLtudinal diversity pa;ern Highest diversity in temperate regions Do the same evoluLonary processes hold? …but for seaweeds
- 25. LDG and diversificaLon sea surface temperature diversificaLon diversificaLon cold warm sea surface temperature cold warm int. int. cold int. warm int. cold cold int. warm int. cold λ = sigmoid ( SST ) λ = hump ( SST )
- 26. Codium -‐ Species diversity map map by Tom Schils
- 27. Codium – evoluLon of SST affiniLes C1 C2 C3 Verbruggen et al. – unpublished
- 28. λ = constant SST affinity of lineage Codium – diversificaLon and SST 2,500.8 ΔAIC = 0 diversificaLon Verbruggen et al. – unpublished AIC
- 29. λ = constant λ = hump ( SST ) diversificaLon SST affinity of lineage SST affinity of lineage Codium – diversificaLon and SST 2,500.8 2,485.1 AIC ΔAIC = 0 ΔAIC = –15.7 Verbruggen et al. – unpublished
- 30. λ = sigmoid ( SST ) λ = constant λ = hump ( SST ) diversificaLon SST affinity of lineage SST affinity of lineage SST affinity of lineage Codium – diversificaLon and SST 2,500.8 2,482.5 2,485.1 AIC ΔAIC = 0 ΔAIC = –15.7 ΔAIC = –18.3 Verbruggen et al. – unpublished
- 31. Codium – temperate flora is old C1 C2 C3 Verbruggen et al. – unpublished
- 32. Dictyota – species diversity map map by Tom Schils
- 33. λ = constant λ = hump ( SST ) diversificaLon SST affinity of lineage Dictyota – diversificaLon and SST AIC = 1,533.2 ΔAIC = 0 Verbruggen et al. – unpublished AIC = 1,517.7 ΔAIC = –15.5
- 34. Tyberghein et al. – unpublished
- 35. DiversificaLon is funcLon of niche evolvability Tyberghein et al. – unpublished
- 36. Parapatric speciaLon along laLtudinal temperature gradient Tyberghein et al. – unpublished
- 37. EvoluLonary dynamics and the thermal niche 1. Niche shi`s vs. niche conservaLsm 2. Evolvability and the microhabitat 3. DiversificaLon relates to SST 4. DiversificaLon relates to evolvability
- 38. PerspecLves • Lp of the iceberg • scale up: genera > orders (Bryopsidales, Nemaliales, Dictyotales, Fucales, Laurencia complex) • go wide: genomic & physiological features • postAToLomics
- 39. Collectors: Rob Anderson Elizabeth Bandeira John Bolton Francis Bunker Olivier Dargent Laury Dijoux Kya; Dixon Rainbo Dixon Stefano Draisma Cindy Fernandez Suzanne Fredericq Wilson Freshwater Fred Gurgel John Huisman Lisa Kirkendale Gerry Kra` Chris Lane Line Le Gall Diane Li;ler Mark Li;ler Lydiane Mapo Frederic Mineur Klaas Pauly Claude Payri Willem P.v.Reine Craig Schneider Gary Saunders Thomas Sauvage Tom Schils Heather Spalding John West … many others … Collaborators: Sofie D’hondt Chris Drake Nick Eloot Wiebe Kooistra Frederik Leliaert Diane Li;ler Mark Li;ler Steve LoDuca Chris Maggs Antoine N'Yeurt FaLma Oliveira Mariana Oliveira Claude Payri Gary Saunders Thomas Sauvage Tom Schils Satoshi Shimada Thomas Silberfeld Heather Spalding Frederique Steen Ana Tronholm Christophe Viera Brian Wysor Rick Zechman