1. ART OF WRITING
PROJECT PROPOSAL
Dr. C. PARAMASIVAN, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor of Commerce
PERIYAR E.V.R.COLLEGE (Autonomous)
Tiruchirappalli - 23

2. WHAT IS RESEARCH ?
Research is considered as a powerful weapon
to explore the innovative ideas, informative
findings in almost all the walk of human being.
Modern technology and its application in day
to day life is the result of the valuable research.
Research in social science transformed many
achievements and appreciation to the self
sustainable society in the world.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

3. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH
Academic Research
 M.Phil
 Ph.D.
 D.Litt./D.Sc.
Non academic Research
 Funding Institutions -
UGC,DST,ICSSR,DRDO,TNSCST,TANSCHE
 Specialized Institutions - Ministries & NGOs
 Self Exploration / Passion
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

4. WHY RESEARCH ?
Knowledge
Innovation
Advancement
Technology
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

5. QUALITY OFA GOOD RESEARCH
Systematic- step by step
Logical - valid reason
Empirical – evidence/proof
Replicable – further research
Result Orientation – socio economic reliability
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

6. Before Writing Proposal
What do I want to study?
Why is the topic important?
How is it significant within the subject areas covered?
What problems will it help solve?
How does it build upon research already conducted on the
topic?
Can I get it done in the time available?
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

7. Thrust area
Mostly identified by the Funding Agencies
Or
It should be Socially Relevance
Economically Viable
Inter / Multi / Trans Disciplinary In Nature
Innovative approach in Methodology
Unique Issues
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

8. CONTENT OF THE PROPOSAL
STRUCTURED PROPOSAL
Well designed by funding agencies with page
restrictions
SELF CONTAINED PROPOSAL
Our own style
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

9. Contents of the Proposal
1. Introduction
2. Background and Significance
3. Literature Review – National / International
4. Statement of the Problem
5. Objectives of the Study
6. Research Design and Methods
7. Implications/ Relevance of the study
8. Time Budget
9. Conclusion
10. References
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

10. Introduction
After reading the introduction, your
readers should not only have an
understanding of what you want to do, but they
should also be able to gain a sense of your
passion for the topic and be excited about the
study's possible outcomes.
Note that most proposals do not include an
abstract before the introduction.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

11. Background and Significance
This section can be melded into your
introduction or you can create a separate
section to help with the organization and
narrative flow of your proposal.
This is where you explain the context of
your proposal and describe in detail why
it's important.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

12. Literature Review
• Connected to the background and
significance of your study is a section of your
proposal devoted to a more deliberate review and
synthesis of prior studies related to the research
problem under investigation.
• The problem identified should be logically
linked to other studies on the theme in the
literature delineating the need for the present
investigation.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

13. Statement of the Problem
A problem statement is a brief description of the issues that need
to be addressed by a problem solving team and should be presented to
them before they try to solve a problem.
A statement of the problem is a claim of one or two sentences in
length that outlines the problem addressed by a study.
The statement of the problem should briefly address the question:
What is the problem that the research will address?
The primary purpose of a problem statement is to focus the attention of
the problem solving team.
A problem statement is a statement that briefly sums up the problem for
the event.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

14. Objectives of the Study
This should list in clear and precise terms the
main objectives
The aim of the work, i.e. the overall purpose
of the study, should be clearly and concisely
defined.
4 /5 objectives should be in the proposal
It should basic and background for hypothesis
and chapter scheme.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

15. Research Design and Methods
This section must be well-written and
logically organized because you are not actually
doing the research.
Describe the overall research design .
Be specific about the methodological
approaches.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

16. It consists of
Nature of research: The study involve which type of research
Coverage: The proposal should clearly indicate the universe of the
study, sampling frame, sampling methods, sampling size, units of
observation etc.
Data Collection: The proposal should indicate sources of data types
of data, tools and techniques for collection of various categories of
proposed data
Data Analysis: It should indicate the statistical techniques, if any,
proposed to be used in data processing, specific packages for data analysis,
content analysis, indices/scaling techniques proposed to be used etc.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

17. Implications
The purpose of this section is to argue how and
in what ways you believe your research will refine,
revise, or extend existing knowledge in the subject
area under investigation.
Depending on the aims and objectives of your
study, describe how the anticipated results will impact
future scholarly research, theory, practice, forms of
interventions, or policy making.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

18. Time Budget
The project should be broken up in suitable stages and the time
required for completion of each stage of work should be specified
1. Preparatory Work/Pre Test
2. Pilot study
3. Drawing of sample
4. Tool construction
5. Data collection
6. Data processing
7. Data analysis
8. Report writing
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

19. Conclusion
The conclusion reiterates the importance or
significance of your proposal and provides a brief
summary of the entire study.
This section should be only one or two
paragraphs long, emphasizing why the research
problem is worth investigating, why your research
study is unique, and how it should advance
existing knowledge.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

20. References
As with any scholarly research paper, you must
cite the sources you used in composing your
proposal.
References - lists only the literature that you
actually used or cited in your proposal.
Adequate number of references should be
added
Alphabetical order of reference
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

21. Methods of writing reference
Bibliographies are typically formatted according
to one of three styles:
American Psychological Association (APA) for
scientific papers
Modern Language Association (MLA) for
humanities papers
Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) for books and
journals.
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

22. Beforesubmit yourproposal….
Find out the funding agencies
Thrust area
Background of your specialization
Publish one or two articles
Institutional support
Infrastructural facilities
Personal Factors (Commitment ,Interest , Dedication , Hard work , Patient )
Academic Contribution
Time constraint
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

23. Questions
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN

24. THANKS FOR YOUR PATIENCE
RESEARCH PROPOSAL WRITING DR.C.PARAMASIVAN