4. Contents
• Introduction
• Definitions
• Approach to health education
• Principles od health education
• Contents of health education
• Practice of health education
• Health educators
• Central Health Education Bureau
• Code of ethics
• Success stories
5. Introduction
Health education forms an important part
of the health promotion activities.
These activities occur in schools,
workplaces, clinics and communities and include
topics such as healthy eating, physical activity,
tobacco use prevention, mental health,
HIV/AIDS prevention and safety.
6. Introduction
• Health education + educational , motivational,
skill-building and consciousness-raising
techniques >>>> building individuals’
capacities
• Healthy public policies provide the
environmental supports >>>>encourage and
enhance behaviour change.
• By influencing both, brings about meaningful
and sustained change in the health of
individuals and communities can occur.
7. Introduction
• It has become the integral part of various
national health programs such a RNTCP,
RMNCH+A, (Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and
Adolescent Health ) and many communicable and
non- communicable diseases.
• Health literacy is an outcome of effective
health education, increasing individuals’
capacities to access and use health information
to make appropriate health decisions and
maintain basic health.
8. Health education
Health education has been used interchangeably
with
• Behaviour change communication
• Information, Education & Communication
(IEC)
9. Definition
• Health promotion is the process of enabling
people to increase control over, and to improve
their health.
• Promotion. WHO, Geneva,1986
10. Definition
• Health education is any combination of
learning experiences designed to help
individuals and communities improve their
health, by increasing their knowledge or
influencing their attitudes (WHO)
11. • Health literacy:
“The degree to which people are able to
access, understand, appraise and communicate
information to engage with the demands of
different health contexts in order to promote and
maintain good health across the life course.”
(WHO)
Definition
12. DEFINITIONS
• Knowledge: An intellectual acquaintance with facts,
truth, or principles gained by sight, experience, or
report.
• Attitude: Manner, disposition, feeling, or position
toward a person or thing.
• Skills : The ability to do something well, arising from
talent, training, or practice.
13. DEFINITIONS
• Belief : Acceptance of or confidence in an alleged
fact or body of facts as true or right without positive
knowledge or proof; a perceived truth.
• Values: Ideas, ideals, customs that arouse an
emotional response for or against them.
14. Behaviour Change
Communication
• Is a process of working with individuals,
families and communities through different
communication channels
• to promote positive health behaviours
• and support an environment that enables the
community to maintain positive behaviours
taken on.
15. Information Education and
Communication
• Is a process of working with individuals,
communities and societies to develop
communication strategies to promote positive
behaviours that are appropriate to their
settings.
18. Health Education Propaganda
Knowledge and skills actively
acquired(active thinking)
Develops reflective behavior .Trains
people to use judgement before acting
Appeals to reason
Develops individuality ,personality and
self expression
Knowledge acquired through self reliant
activity
The process is behavior centered aims at
developing favorable attitudes , habits
and skills
Knowledge instilled in the minds of the
people(facts)
Develops reflexive behavior; aims at
impulsive action
Appeals to emotion
Develops a standard pattern of attitudes
and behaviors according to would used
Knowledge is spoon fed ad received
The process is information centered – no
change of attitude or behavior designed
19. Skills to improve the health
Health of the individuals depends on various factors
like personal hygiene, personal involvement in social
activities and managing the stress in the life
Personal hygiene
Hygiene is the practice of keeping the body clean to
prevent infections and illness,
Avoiding contact with infectious agents.
Hygiene practice include bathing, brushing, and
flossing teeth, washing hands before eating, Washing
fruits before they are eaten,
Cleaning food preparation utensils and surface
before and after preparing the meals
20. SOCIAL ACTIVITY
Personal health depends partially on the social
structure of the once life.
Maintenance of strong social relation ship is also liked
to good health longevity, productivity.
Many research studies have revealed that positive
social interaction produces certain chemicals in the
brain which are linked to personality and intelligence
traits
Volunteering in social functions will help the
individual to overcome the their personal problems
and lead a healthy life.
21. Stress management
Modern world is posing work challenges and pressures
to the individuals.
Prolonged psychological stress negatively affects the
health and productivity of the individual and has been
cited as a factor for cognitive impairment, aging,
depressive illness, and expression of psychosomatic
diseases. Stress management is the application of
methods to reduce stress or increase tolerance to stress.
psychological methods which
1. Cognitive therapy
2. Meditation
3. Positive thinking
4. Build up the confidence
5. Problem solving skills
6. Managing the problems
22. Need of community pharmacist in health education and
promotion
community pharmacists are one of the important pillars of the health care.
The role of community pharmacist is expanding beyond the traditional
product-oriented functions of dispensing and distributing medicines, towards
the patient oriented services
• various advantages of community pharmacists in public health education and
promotion .
1. They are accessible resource for health and medication information.
2. They can easily monitor health status, develop and mobilize the patient
and empower community members through the education
3. They are the one of the healthcare stakeholder who can resolve issues of
drug use process through education and intervention.
4. Is a health counseller, promoter and collaborator .
5. Is a quality drug supplier
6. Is a trainer and supervisor
23. Role of pharmacist in counseling the pregnant
women
•Pharmacist may help the pregnant women by dispensing the qulity
medicines and educating the women about the safe use of medicines
•Pharmacist should advise the women on diet, relaxation , sleep,
exercise, dangers of smoking, drinking and use of OTC medicines
•Nutritional counseling is an importent part of prenatal care as eating
balanced diet during the pregnancy will improve the health the
growing fetus.
•The ultimate goal of this care is to enable mother to safely deliver a
healthy baby
•After the delivery the mother should be advise about the important of
breast milk
•Certain medicines are excreted in the breast milk. Thus the nursing
mothers should take suitable advise from the pharmacist.
24. Counseling
• Counseling- a confidential dialogue between a client
and a health care provider aimed at enabling the client
to cope with stress and take personnel decisions related
to disease.
• The aim of counseling based on the needs of the client.
• Purpose: three fold to >>help clients manage their
problems more effectively, >>to develop unused
opportunities to cope more fully, and >>to help and
empower clients to become more effective self helpers
in the future.
25. Elements of counseling
G: greet the clients and make them comfortable
and give full attention.
A: ask/ascertain the needs/problem or reasons for
coming.
T: telling different choices/options/methods to
cope with problem.
H: help the client to make voluntary decisions.
E: explain fully the chosen decision/action/method.
R: return for follow-up visit.
27. Group discussion
• Group is an "aggregation of people interacting
in a face to face situation“
• very effective method of health
communication.
• Provides a wider interaction among members
than is possible with other methods.
28. Group discussion
For effective group discussion
• Group size - 6 -12 members.
• The participants are seated in a circle, so that
each is fully visible to all the others.
• Group leader - initiates the subject,
• Helps the discussion in the proper manner,
prevents side-conversations, encourages
everyone to participate and sums up the
discussion in the end .
29. • express ideas clearly and concisely
• listen to what others say
• do not interrupt when others are speaking
• make only relevant remarks
• accept criticism gracefully and
• help to reach conclusions
Group discussion
Rules for members
30. Panel discussion
• 4 to 8 persons – qualified - talk and discuss
about a problem or a topic in front of a large
group or audience .
• The panel comprises a chairmen or a
moderator from 4 to 8 speakers.
• Success of the panel discussion depends on :
• Chairperson to keep the train of thoughts of
track.
• Discussion should be spontaneous and natural
31. Symposium
• Series of speeches on a selected subjects
• Each person or expert presents an aspect of the
subject briefly
• No discussion among the symposium
members.
• Chair person makes a comprehensive summary
at the end
32. Work shop
• Consist of series of meetings, usually four or
more with the emphasis on individual work,
within the group with the help of consultants
and resource personnel.
• Learning takes place in a friendly , happy and
a democratic atmosphere, under expert
guidance.
33. Role playing
• Socio- drama in which the situation is
dramatized by a group .
• audience is actively concerned with the
drama.
• Sympathetic attention to what is going on ,or
suggest alternative solutions at the request of
leader
• The size of the group 25.
• Best for schools.
34. Seminars
• A group of persons gathered for the purpose of
studying a subject under the leadership of an
expert or learned person.
• They are normally identified with learning
institutions.
• The participants bring with them a background
of training and experience in the area.
35. Conference
• It composed of two to fifty persons representing
several organizations, departments, or points of
view within an organization, meet together exhibit
a common interest and present two or more sides
of their problems.
• They gather information and discuss mutual
problems with a reasonable solution as the
desirable end.
• The various phases of the problem may be
presented by co-operative or hostile groups
36. Brain storming
• It is a type of small group interaction designed to
encourage the free introduction of ideas on a
restricted basis and without any limitations as to
feasibility.
• Participants are encouraged to list for a period of
time all the ideas that come to their minds
regarding some problem and are asked not to
judge these ideas during the session.
• Judgment of the ideas will come at a later period
in which all contributions will be sorted,
evaluated and perhaps later adopted.
37. CAMPAIGN
• A campaign is an intensive teaching activity
undertaken at an opportune moment for a brief
period, focusing attention in a concerted manner
towards a particular problem so as to stimulate the
widest possible interest in the community.
• Campaign methods can be used only after an
advocated practice & is found acceptable to the
local people through method or result
demonstrations or other extension methods.
38. Focus Group Discussions (FGD)
• It is a group discussion of 6-20 persons guided by a
facilitator during which group members talk freely
and spontaneously about a certain topic or health
problem.
• The purpose of a focus group discussion is to
obtain in-depth information on concept,
perceptions and ideas of group on a particular
topic.
39. Mass communication
• Mass communication literally means
communication that is given to a community
where the people gathered together does not
belong to one particular group.
• Advantages
large no. of people can be reached
people of all socio-economic status
irrespective of their caste, creed and
religion are addressed
40. • Medias
televisions, radios, posters, news papers, internet and
other advance communication technologies such as
mobile telephone message and satellite television
are important channel for health information
communication.
• These are emerging and being adapted rapidly in the
movement toward modernization.
Mass communication
41. mHealth
• mHealth involves using wireless technologies
such as Bluetooth, GSM/GPRS/3G, WiFi,
storage devices, and so on to transmit and
enable various eHealth data contents and
services.
• Usually these are accessed by the health
worker through devices such as mobile
phones, smart phones, PDAs, laptops and
tablet PCs
42.
43. Good communication technique
• Source: credibility.
• Clear message.
• Good channel: individual, group & mass
education.
• Receiver: ready, interested, not occupied.
• Feed back.
• Observe non-verbal cues.
• Active listing.
• Establishing good relationship.
44. WHO PROVIDES HEALTH
EDUCATION?
• People specialize in health education (trained
and/or certified health education specialists).
• Para-professionals and health professionals -
perform selected health education functions as
part of what they consider their primary
responsibility (medical treatment, nursing,
social work, physical therapy, oral hygiene, etc.
46. Central Health Education Bureau
(CHEB)
• Central Health Education Bureau (CHEB) is
an apex institute created in 1956 under the
Directorate General of Health Services
(DGHS) Ministry of Health & Family welfare,
Govt. of India.
• Formed on the recommendation of the Bhore
committee and the Planning commission
47. Functions
• Interpret the plans, programmes and achievements
of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
• Design, guide and conduct research in health
Behaviour, health education processes and aids.
• Produce and distribute ‘proto-type’ health
promotion and education material in relation to
various health problems and programmes in
country.
48. Functions
• Provide guidelines for the organizational set-
up, functioning of health education units at the
state, district and other levels.
• Render technical help to official and non-
official agencies engaged in health education
and health promotion and coordinate their
programme.
• Collaborating with international agencies in
promoting health education activities
49. Divisions
• Health Promotion & Education Division
• Media & Editorial Division
• Health Promotion & Education Division
• School & Adolescent Health EducationDivision
• Training, Research & Evaluation Division
• Administrative Division
50. IEC Bureau
• Since health education of the various social
groups of population can be taken by state
Govts, a scheme was formulated in 1958 for
the establishment of State health education
bureau with central assistance.
• The State health education bureau are called
Information Education Communication Bureau
(IEC).
51. Health Educators
• Certifies health education specialists(HES), promotes
professional development, and strengthens professional
preparation and practice.
• Certified HES are re-certified every five years based
on documentation of participation in 75 hours of
approved continuing education activities
• Lay workers learn on the job to do specific, limited
educational tasks to encourage healthy behaviour.
• School teachers, parents, Social worker, known to
unknown Community leaders & influential
52. Models of health education
Medical Model:
• dissemination of health information based on
scientific facts.
• assumption was that people would act on the
information supplied by health professionals to
improve their health.
• In this model social, cultural and
psychological factors were thought to be of
little or no importance
53. • Limitation: ignored the fact that in a number of
situations, the social environment which
shapes the behavior of individual and the
community.
• It is often found that people will not readily
accept and try something new or novel until it
has been "legitimated" (or approved) by the
group to which they belong
Motivational model
54. National Population Education Programme
(NPEP) in school sector by NCERT
• Launched in 1980
• Working to attain the institutionalization of
population education in education system of the
country.
• Implemented as ‘ ‘population and development
education in schools’’.
• Project has been implemented by NCERT at
the national level and SCERT at the state level.
This is now the regular activity of HRD.
• NCERT has also developed a module on
adolescent health education in school sector.
55. 101
Worksite Health Education Programs
• Physical activity and fitness
• Nutrition and weight control
• Stress reduction
• Worker safety and health
• Blood pressure and/or cholesterol education and
control
• Alcohol, smoking and drugs
58. Family planning
Women welfare
Child care
Nutrition counseling
Individualization of drug therapy
Sexual transmitted diseases
Drug abuse
Preventing tropical diseases
Providing drug information
Monitoring and reporting ADRs
Preventing medication errors
Preventing misuse of drugs
Immunization
59. Family planning
Family planning services are defined as
"educational, comprehensive medical or social
activities which enable individuals, including minors,
to determine freely the number and spacing of their
children and to select the means by which this may be
achieved".
• Family planning may involve consideration of the
number of children a woman wishes to have,
including the choice to have no children, as well as
the age at which she wishes to have them.
60. These matters are influenced by external factors such
as
marital situation,
career considerations,
financial position, and
any disabilities that may affect their ability to have
children and raise them. If sexually active, family
planning may involve the use of contraception and other
techniques to control the timing of reproduction.
61. Other aspects of family planning include sex
education, prevention and management of sexually
transmitted infections, pre-conception counseling
and management, and infertility management.
Family planning, as defined by the United Nations
and the World Health Organization, encompasses
services leading up to conception.
Abortion is not considered a component of family
planning, although access to contraception and family
planning reduces the need for abortion
62. 10 NGOs which have revolutionized
Healthcare in India
While it is difficult to know the exact number of NGOs
in India, an exercise by the Indian Government found
that at least 31 lakh NGOs are operational in our highly
populated land of unity in diversity.
We have a plethora of volunteers working to the effect
of social causes such as education, animal rights,
disaster relief and so on. This goes to show that social
service and giving back to the community, quite in-
built values in our culture, are feathers in our cap. Here,
we cover the success stories of 10 NGOs in India that
are putting forth outstanding work in the healthcare
sector to empower people.
64. HelpAge India
it has been active for over four decades.
It has one of the largest mobile healthcare
programs across India, providing free
healthcare services to destitute elders.
Cataract is a leading cause of blindness
in India
HelpAge conducts more than 45,000 eye
surgeries for the blind elderly across 21
states
HelpAge India also works towards
providing palliative care to end-stage
cancer patients
TS Govt launched as kantivelugu
pathakam
66. Child Rights and You
CRY works towards several causes for
children, one of them being malnutrition.
It introduced kitchen gardens in
anganwadis in Chhattisgarh to provide fresh
and healthy food to children.
This not only came as a boon to the
underprivileged children but also
accelerated the anganwadi workers in the
same direction.
This noble initiative of CRY has helped to
see a decrease in the number of
malnourished children by about 9-10%.
TS Govt launched balamrutham
67. (Child Rights and You) was started by Rippan
Kapur in 1979 with six of his friends and fifty
rupees at his mother’s dining table. They had a
dream of witnessing a day when every single Indian
child would enjoy his/her rights such as survival,
protection and development. Rippan, a young
airline purser, hated seeing children work as
servants. As a part of his school’s social service
club, he helped street children with reading and
writing. His motto was ‘What I can do, I must do.’
Today, CRY is chosen among the top 100 non-
profits making a difference in the world.
70. Lepra Society works to empower people affected with leprosy. It also fosters
the healthcare of victims of lymphatic filariasis.
During the British colonial rule back in 1925, the British Empire Leprosy
Relief Association (BELRA) started to bring leprosy to the attention of Indian
citizens. Established in 1988 at Hyderabad, Lepra Society brought into focus
the Indian Government’s National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP).
Today it operates across myriad states including Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand,
Orissa, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Delhi.
Lepra Society had a systematic approach to dealing with the chronic disease.
Its prime objective was to first identify its patients within an area via mass,
contact and school surveys and then treats them with multi-drug therapy
(MDT).
Lepra Society’s success encouraged them to extend a helping hand to victims
of other maladies as well. Today they also work towards helping patients of
malaria, tuberculosis and AIDS. They also help the Indian government in the
National Anti-Malaria Programme (NAMP) and have extensive contribution
to eye care and prevention of needless blindness.
73. Smile Foundation
Inspired by the philosophy of Peter Senge, the founder of ‘Society
for Organisational Learning’, a group of young corporate
professionals founded Smile Foundation in 2002. They began
working from scratch to bring about a difference in the lives of
underprivileged families and communities. Since urban slum
dwellers lack the education to be aware of diseases and healthcare,
they do not approach hospitals for checkups out of risking a day’s
wages. Smile has a two-fold approach to tackle this problem. They
first bring quality healthcare services within easy access of the
needy. The second step is to promote healthcare awareness and
encourage the poor to seek help.
Smile has a reach of 6 lakh children and families across 950
villages and slums of India. It has 200 projects on social causes like
healthcare across 25 states of India.
75. Rural Health Care Foundation is an organisation founded by the
late Arun Nevatia. It strives to provide low cost primary
healthcare to the lowest strata of the socio-economic pyramid
and is doing well in achieving its goals.
RHCF has a well laid out structure. Each clinic has four
departments, namely, General Medicine, Optometry,
Homeopathy and Dentistry. The patients are offered diagnosis
and medicine supply for a week. The centre also arranges for
cataract surgeries and cleft lip surgeries. The doctors are given
free food and accommodation. Spectacles, wheel chairs, crutches
and blankets are also distributed.
Rural Health Care Foundation been given a Special Consultative
Status with the ECOSOC at the United Nations. Harvard
Business School has also published a case study on the Rural
Health Care Foundation.
76. Goonj
Goonj address the basic but neglected issues of the poor and values the traditional
wisdom of the local people. It enables them to participate in Goonj’s solutions and
gives out urban material as reward.
Goonj has several campaigns, one of them being ‘Share a Bite to your Heart’s
Delight.’ It is a venture to encourage people to contribute daily essentials like rice,
pulses and so on to the less fortunate. This is an innovative step towards solving
the problem of food shortage and thus nutrition among the poor. Goonj has also
taken considerable effort towards detaching the stigma associated with
menstruation. It has helped college girls speak more boldly and openly about the
issue and also involved many Rajasthani women in their menstrual hygiene
initiative.
Functional for over two decades now, Goonj has won both national and
international awards. The founder, Anshu Gupta, received the Ramon Magsaysay
award for transforming giving as a developmental approach. Goonj has also won
an ‘NGO of the Year’ award in a nationwide search & selection by Resource
Alliance.
77. Udaan Welfare Foundation
Udaan Welfare Foundation works towards quality healthcare,
keeping in mind a positive impact on the environment. It also works
towards other causes that go hand-in-hand with healthcare, such as
nutrition, taking sincere effort to achieve its ideals.
Several programs have been organised. Udaan carried out a dental
health check in the Harikishan English Public School and taught
250 students the importance of the correct brushing techniques and
oral care. They have also regularly provided medicines for
Anugraha Children’s Home and Anugraha Vidya Mandir,
Ambernath since 2008. Udaan also supplies monthly rations for
daily breakfast for the 50 to 60 resident children there.
Udaan Welfare Foundation has worked successfully for six years in
the regions of Mumbai and Thane. It continues to work towards the
betterment and upliftment of the needy.
79. The largest NGO in the national capital state of Delhi, Deepalaya has been
functional for over three decades. It promotes self-reliance, with prime
attention to women and children. It also works towards development of the
urban and rural poor population.
Deepalaya runs the Community Health programme, a project working towards
spreading awareness of preventive and promotive health. It reaches out to the
poor and underprivileged through projects like the Chameli Dewan Memorial
Rural Health & Mobile Clinic in Gusbethi. This comprises a mobile van that
goes from village to village, fostering basic treatments and check-ups to
almost 80,000 people in Mewat.
Deepalaya also is an NGO that has gained a lot of recognition for its work. It
received the Indo American Corporate Excellence Award as the Best NGO for
2012. It also holds the NGO Transparency award by Guidestar India and
many others.
80. Uday Foundation
This organisation has a unique story behind its foundation. Tulika and Rahul
Verma had their second baby, Arjunuday, in 2006. He was born with multiple
congenital defects and after nine surgeries, he was restored to being a normal
boy his age but with the need of an artificial mechanism for his bowel
movements. This led to Rahul Verma’s decision of establishing Uday
Foundation, a New Delhi-based NGO, supporting children suffering from
congenital disorders and other syndromes.
Uday Foundation also researches new technologies in the healthcare sector.
They have projects for common people and children. Majority of patients
admitted to government hospitals come from underprivileged homes of nearby
states. Their families have to often sacrifice other amenities like food to save
money for medical treatment. Uday Foundation serves wholesome food to
such needy people for free. It has several programs for raising donations for
blankets, food and so on.
Uday Foundation has received considerable media coverage for its activity
during diastaer relief operations and countless people have thanked the
foundation on social media for its aid.
81. Sounds of Silence
Sounds of Silence is one of the best NGO’s in Mumbai and Delhi
for the hearing-impaired. It started off as a social internship program
by the founder, Mr Sumit Singh Gandhi. He met a deaf and mute
person at the NGO and was unable to communicate with him. This
led to hour long conversations of exchanging handwritten text. As a
pilot project, ten children in Punjab were taught to communicate via
SMS. Its success continues to this day when the children can send
100 SMS everyday with a 25% increase in IQ.
‘BitGiving’ is an idea which utilises donated cellphones and money
to fund education for the deaf children. SOS’s motto is ‘Deafness
with Dignity and Equality’. Their mission is to achieve equal access
for deaf people to all departments of life.
Sounds of Silence has received prestigious awards such as the
World Education Summit Award and Social Entrepreneurship
Award. SOS is the first NGO of its kind using technology to
empower the hearing-impaired.
82.
83. Polio eradication
• Increased awareness about
the Vaccine
• Decreased the myths
regarding the vaccine
• Better sanitation and
hygiene
• Information about the the
immunization days
• Tag lines such a “DO BOOND
ZINDAGI ke” - very effective
94. Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health
(RMNCH+A)
Programme essentially looks to address the major
causes of mortality among women and children as well
as the delays in accessing and utilizing health care and
services.
It also introduces new initiatives like the use of Score
Card to track health performance, National Iron +
Initiative to address the issue of anemia across all age
groups and the Comprehensive Screening and Early
interventions for defects at birth, diseases, and
deficiencies among children and adolescents.
95. Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)
is an important initiative aiming at early identification
and early intervention for children from birth to 18
years to cover 4 ‘D’s viz. Defects at birth,
Deficiencies, Diseases, Development delays including
disability.
Early detection and management diseases including
deficiencies bring added value in preventing these
conditions to progress to its more severe and
debilitating form
96. The Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram
The key principle of this programme is adolescent
participation and leadership, Equity and inclusion,
Gender Equity and strategic partnerships with other
sectors and stakeholders. The programme enables
all adolescents in India to realize their full potential
by making informed and responsible decisions
related to their health and well-being and by
accessing the services and support they need to do
so.
97. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram
The government of India has launched Janani Shishu Suraksha
Karyakaram to motivate those who still choose to deliver at their
homes to opt for institutional deliveries. It is an initiative with a hope
that states would come forward and ensure that benefits under JSSK
would reach every needy pregnant woman coming to government
institutional facility.
• Since the rate of deaths in the country because of communicable
and non-communicable diseases is increasing at an alarming rate, the
government has introduced various programmes to aid people against
these diseases.
In India, approximately about 5.8 million people die because of
Diabetes, heart attack, cancer etc each year. In other words, out
of every 4 Indians, 1 has a risk of dying because of a Non-
Communicable disease before the age of 70.
According to the World Health Organisation, 1.7 million Indian
deaths are caused by heart diseases
98. National AIDS Control Organisation
National AIDS Control Organisation was set up
so that every person living with HIV has access to
quality care and is treated with dignity. By fostering
close collaboration with NGOs, women’s self-help
groups, faith-based organizations, positive people’s
networks, and communities, NACO hopes to
improve access and accountability of the services.
It stands committed to building an enabling
environment wherein those infected and affected by
HIV play a central role in all responses to the
epidemic – at state, district and grassroots level.
99. Revised National TB Control Programme
Revised National TB Control Programme is a
state-run tuberculosis control initiative of
Government of India with a vision of achieving a
TB free India. The program provides, various free
of cost, quality tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment
services across the country through the government
health system.
100. National Leprosy Eradication Programme
National Leprosy Eradication Programme was
initiated by the government for Early detection
through active surveillance by the trained health
workers and to provide Appropriate medical
rehabilitation and leprosy ulcer care services.
101. Mission Indradhanush
The Government of India has launched Mission
Indradhanush with the aim of improving coverage
of immunization in the country.
It aims to achieve at least 90 percent immunization
coverage by December 2018 which will cover
unvaccinated and partially vaccinated children in
rural and urban areas of India.
102. National Mental Health Programme
In order to address the huge burden of mental
disorders and the shortage of qualified professionals
in the field of mental health, Government of India
has implemented National Mental Health
Programme to ensure the availability and
accessibility of minimum mental healthcare for all
in the foreseeable future.
103. Pulse Polio
Pulse Polio is an immunization campaign
established by the government of India to eliminate
polio in India by vaccinating all children under the
age of five years against the polio virus.
104. Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY)
The Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana
(PMSSY) was announced with objectives of
correcting regional imbalances in the availability of
affordable/ reliable tertiary healthcare services and
also to augment facilities for quality medical
education in the country by setting up of various
institutions like AIIMS and upgrading government
medical college institutions.
105. Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi and Arogya sri
Since there are huge income disparities, therefore, the
government has launched several programmes in order
to support the financially backward class of the
country. As about 3.2 crore people in India fall under
the National Poverty line by spending on healthcare
from their own pockets in a single year. The most
important programme launched by the government
is Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi which provides financial
assistance to the patients that are below poverty line
and are suffering from life-threatening diseases, to
receive medical treatment at any government run super
specialty hospital/ institution.
106. National Tobacco Control Programme
National Tobacco Control Programme was
launched with the objective to bring about greater
awareness about the harmful effects of tobacco use
and about the Tobacco Control Laws and to
facilitate the effective implementation of the
Tobacco Control Laws.
107. Integrated Child Development Service
Integrated Child Development Service was
launched to improve the nutrition and health status
of children in the age group of 0-6 years, lay the
foundation for proper psychological, physical and
social development of the child, effective
coordination and implementation of policy among
the various departments and to enhance the
capability of the mother to look after the normal
health and nutrition needs through proper nutrition
and health education.
108. Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana is a government-
run health insurance programme for the Indian poor. It
aims to provide health insurance coverage to the
unrecognized sector workers belonging to the below
poverty line and their family members shall be
beneficiaries under this scheme.
