1. BATTERY AND BATTERY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
PRESENTED BY :-
VISHWAKUMAR BHAVSAR
(17MSE017)
Photovoltaic Power Plant Engineering
Guided By :-
Dr. Pankaj Yadav

2. OUTLINE
• INTRODUCTION
• TYPES OF BATTERY
• MOST COMMONLY USED BATTERY
• BATTERY BANKING
• BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
• SUPER CAPACITORS
• FUEL CELLS

3. INTRODUCTION TO BATTERY
• Battery is the device which stores
the energy in the form of chemical
energy and gives electrical output.
• Batteries have high energy density
but low power density.
• For getting high energy number of
cells are connected to form a
battery pack.
• Eg. Lead-acid battery, Li-ion
battery

4. TYPES OF BATTERY
NON RECHARGEABLE
(PRIMARY)
This type of cells can be used to get
energy for one time.
This cells works on spontaneous
forward reaction.
The product form, cant be converted to
the reactant by applying electric field.
Examples :- Dry cells, Alkaline cells, Li-
Br battery
RECHARGEABLE (SECONDARY)
This type of battery can be used again and
again by charging it.
This cells operates near the equilibrium
and the reaction are reversible.
Examples :- Lead acid battery, lithium ion
battery

5. MOST COMMONLY USED BATTERY
• For portable devices dry cells are used.
• the lead-acid batteries used in vehicles
• lithium-ion batteries used for portable electronics such
as laptops and smartphones.

6. LEAD ACID BATTERY
• Specific energy 33–42 Wh/kg
• Specific power 180 W/kg
• Charge/discharge efficiency
50–95%
• Self-discharge rate 3–
20%/month
• Cycle durability <350 cycles
• Nominal cell voltage 2.1 V

7. LITHIUM ION SPECIFICATION
• Specific energy 100–265
W·h/kg
• Specific power 250-~340
W/kg
• Charge/discharge efficiency
80–90%
• Cycle durability 400–1200
cycles
• Nominal cell voltage NMC 3.6
/ 3.85 V, LiFePO4 3.2 V

8. BATTERY BANKING
• For large amount of energy storage we need numbers of
batteries.
• For this purpose batteries are connected in series and parallel.
• By series connection the voltage of battery bank is increased
and in parallel current increases.
• In battery bank, by using Battery Management System life can
be increased.
V V V
I
3V
V V V
3I
V
Series Connection Parallel Connection

9. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
• A battery management system (BMS) is any electronic system
that manages a rechargeable battery pack, such as by
protecting the battery from operating outside its Safe
Operating Area, monitoring its state, calculating secondary
data, reporting that data, controlling its environment,
authenticating it and / or balancing it.
• This control circuit improves the performance of battery,
increases its life and reduces the risk of accident.
https://youtu.be/uz0qofcSJJ4

10. BMS
Sensor
s
Contro
ller
Charge
/disch
arge
circuit
Battery
Pack
Voltage
sensor
Current Sensor

11. SUPER CAPACITORS
• A supercapacitor (SC) is a high-
capacity capacitor with capacitance
values much higher than other
capacitors but lower voltage limits.
• They have high power density and
can deliver high amount of energy
within a second.
• They can be best suitable for
electric vehicles during accelerating.
• Currently used during regenerative
braking.

12. FUEL CELLS
• A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical
energy from a fuel into electricity through
an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen fuel with oxygen
• Fuel cells are continuous source of fuel and oxygen (usually from air)
to sustain the chemical reaction. (Like IC engine)
• Without using the waste heat its efficiency is 40-50% and with the
heat recovery it is 80%
• Byproducts are H2O in form of vapour.

13. WORKING OF FUEL CELL

14. APPLICATION OF FUEL CELLS
• Space application
• Electrical Vehicles
• Defense system

15. THANK YOU