CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology) "Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53" Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it

1. Common
networking
protocols II.

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Instructor, PACE-IT Program – Edmonds Community College
Areas of Expertise Industry Certifications
 PC Hardware
 Network Administration
 IT Project Management
 Network Design
 User Training
 IT Troubleshooting
Qualifications Summary
Education
 M.B.A., IT Management, Western Governor’s University
 B.S., IT Security, Western Governor’s University
Entrepreneur, executive leader, and proven manger
with 10+ years of experience turning complex issues
into efficient and effective solutions.
Strengths include developing and mentoring diverse
workforces, improving processes, analyzing
business needs and creating the solutions
required— with a focus on technology.

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PACE-IT.
– The difference between ports and
protocols.
– Common ports and protocols.

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Common networking protocols II.

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Common networking protocols II.
– Ports.
» A method of specifying what protocol or service to access.
• Protocols and services use default ports so they are easy to
locate.
» There are 65,536 ports available to be used for communication,
but port 0 is reserved. So, in actuality, only ports 1 to 65,535
are available.
• The first 1024 ports are specifically assigned and are called
well known ports.
• www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers.
» They can also be thought of as phone number extensions.
• The IP address is the main number you are trying to reach.
• The port is the is the extension (service or protocol) you want
to access.
– Protocols.
» Protocols can be thought of as the language that the two
applications on either side of the connection agree to speak.
» Protocols translate requests into services.
» Most protocols use pre-defined ports, but some protocols must
be user configured.

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Ports are not protocols and
protocols are not ports.
Even though the two are closely associated, they
are not the same. Ports are used to request
(access) services or applications. Protocols are the
services or applications that are being requested.
When a requestor seeks to connect to a specific
port, the requestor is dynamically assigned a port
number to “listen to” for the response. This also
allows computers to have many concurrent
connections.
Common networking protocols II.

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Common networking protocols II.

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Common networking protocols II.
– FTP (File Transfer Protocol).
» A standard protocol for transferring files between computing
systems; requires user authentication.
• Assigned to port 20 and to port 21 (mostly uses port 20).
– Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).
» Transfers files between servers and clients; no user
authentication required.
• Assigned to port 69.
– SNMP (Simple Network Management
Protocol).
» A protocol used to monitor and manage local area networks.
• Assigned to port 161.

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Common networking protocols II.
– Telnet.
» A protocol used for remote access to systems; it is unsecure. It
is a bidirectional terminal service.
• Assigned to port 23.
– SSH (Secure Shell)
» A protocol used to encrypt data traffic on a network; it can be
used in place of Telnet to provide a secure bidirectional
terminal connection.
• Assigned to port 22.
– DNS (Domain Name System).
» The protocol used to map computer names to their IP
addresses (e.g., www.google.com to 74.125.28.104).
• Assigned to port 53.

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Common networking protocols II.
– DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol).
» The protocol used within networks to automatically configure
computers with the correct IP configurations (e.g., IP address,
subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server location).
• Requests are assigned to port 67.
• Responses are assigned port 68.
– RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol).
» Used in Microsoft networks by Remote Desktop Connection
and Remote Assistance to make remote connections.
• Assigned to port 3389.
– SMB (Server Message Block).
» A protocol used to transfer files over a network; the process is
transparent to the user. SMB can be configured to run over
NetBIOS on ports 137-139.
• Assigned to port 445.

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Common networking protocols II.
Ports are a method of specifying what protocol or service a requestor is
seeking access to. They can be thought of as being the specific location of
that protocol or service. Protocols translate the request into a specific
service. Of the possible 65,536 ports, 1024 ports are well known (clearly
defined as to their purpose). Most protocols are automatically assigned to
ports; however, some must have their ports configured by the user.
Topic
The difference between ports
and protocols.
Summary
Common ports and protocols include: FTP (20 and 21), TFTP (69), SNMP
(161), Telnet (23), SSH (22), DNS (53), DHCP (69 and 68), RDP (3389),
and SMB (445).
Common ports and protocols.

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THANK YOU!

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