CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology) "Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53" Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it

1. Basic network
concepts III.

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Instructor, PACE-IT Program – Edmonds Community College
Areas of Expertise Industry Certifications
 PC Hardware
 Network Administration
 IT Project Management
 Network Design
 User Training
 IT Troubleshooting
Qualifications Summary
Education
 M.B.A., IT Management, Western Governor’s University
 B.S., IT Security, Western Governor’s University
Entrepreneur, executive leader, and proven manger
with 10+ years of experience turning complex issues
into efficient and effective solutions.
Strengths include developing and mentoring diverse
workforces, improving processes, analyzing
business needs and creating the solutions
required— with a focus on technology.

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– Numbering systems.
– Conversion tables.
PACE-IT.

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Basic network concepts III.

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While computer code and
communication can get very
complex, it can also be
broken down to a basic bit
level.
A bit has one of two values. It either has a value of zero (0)
or a value of one (1). These values can also be thought of
as being off (0) or on (1).
These bit values are actually the only information that
computing devices know. By combining and adding
different bits together, computers can communicate with
each other and programs can be created.
Because of this, technicians need to know how to work
with the binary (base 2) numbering system.
Basic network concepts III.

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– Binary.
» A base 2 numbering system, where each position has one of
two basic values, it is either a 0 or a 1.
» It is written from right to left, with the potential value of digits
being doubled with each additional digit.
• If a 0 is the placeholder, it has a null value (or no absolute
value) and if a 1 is present, the actual value is double the
potential value of the digit to the right.
• To derive the final value of a binary number, add all of the
potential values together.
» The binary numbering system is very important when dealing
with computers and networking. You should become
comfortable with converting from decimal (base 10) values to
binary and from binary back to the decimal format.
• http://www.mathsisfun.com/binary-number-system.html
– Bit, byte, and nibble.
» A bit is a single 0 or 1.
» A byte is eight (8) bits (e.g., 11111111) and it can also be
called an octet.
» A nibble is half of a byte or four (4) bits (e.g., 1010).
Basic network concepts III.

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– Hexadecimal.
» A base 16 numbering system that uses the numbers 0 through
9 and the letters a through f to represent the values 10 to 15.
» Functions the same as binary, but with base 16.
» Each hexadecimal digit has a potential binary value of 1111
and can be referred to as a nibble (i.e., half of a byte).
» A hexadecimal number can often be recognized by the notation
prefix of 0x, which directly precedes the hexadecimal number.
» Hexadecimal is widely used in programming and networking.
– Examples of binary and hexadecimal use.
» IPv4 addresses can be represented by a 32-bit binary number
that is divided into four 8-bit sets; each 8-bit set is equal to one
byte.
• 00011000.01110001.10111001.01110110 = decimal value of
24.113.185.118
» IPv6 addresses are represented by a 128-bit binary number
that is divided into eight two-byte (16-bit) sets.
• 2001:0000:9d38:6ab8:34b7:3b4e:e78e:4689 = decimal value
of 8193:0:40248:27320:13495:15182:59278:18057
Basic network concepts III.

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Basic network concepts III.

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Basic network concepts III.

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Basic network concepts III.
Computer code and communication can be broken down to a bit level. A bit
can have one of two values. It can be a zero (0) or a one (1). Binary (base
2) numbering is important to computing systems. Binary is written right to
left, with each new digit having a potential value of twice the potential value
of the digit to its right. To derive the value of a binary number, add all of the
absolute values of the binary numbers together. A byte is eight bits, and a
nibble is half of a byte. Hexadecimal, which is a base 16 numbering system,
is also used in computing systems. It uses the letters a through f to
represent the numbers 10 through 15. Hexadecimal notation often begins
with 0x to denote that what follows is a base 16 number.
Topic
Numbering systems.
Summary
When working with binary or hexadecimal numbers, it is advisable to create
a reference table to help with the conversions.Conversion tables.

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THANK YOU!

12. This workforce solution was 100 percent funded by a $3 million grant awarded by the
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or ownership. Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training
Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53.
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