1. © 2011 IBM Corporation1
IBM Watson for Healthcare
Eine Technolgie für evidenzbasierte Antworten in der
medizinischen Versorgung
Romeo Kienzler, Data Scientist and Architect, IBM Innovation Center Switzerland
Parts taken from other presentations:
DI Wolfgang Nimführ, Big Data Sales Leader, Dr. Axel Köster, Storage Chief Technologist

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We have only just begun to build
a new era of computing powered
by cognitive systems
System
Intelligence
1900 1950 2011
1
Tabulation
Programmatic
Cognitive

7. © 2011 IBM Corporation
Understands natural language
and human communication
1 Generates and evaluates
evidence-based hypothesis
2
Adapts and learns from user
selections and responses
3
Watson technology can help meet 21st
century business
challenges

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Watson: Precision, Confidence, and Speed
Watson Workshop: What is Watson?
 Given
– Rich Natural Language Questions
– Over a Broad Domain of Knowledge
Deliver
– Precise Answers:
Determine what is being asked & provide specific response
– Accurate Confidences:
Determine likelihood answer is correct
– Consumable Justifications:
Explain why the answer is right
– Fast Response Time:
Precision & Confidence in <3 seconds

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15% of diagnostic error rate is
attributable to difficulties in absorbing
new research, having the right
information at the right time
Healthcare Scenario
Watson Workshop: What are the industry implications?

10. © 2011 IBM Corporation
Imagine if…
. . . new insights from medical
research find their way to patient
treatment programs in months
instead of years?
That’s exactly what a global
leader in cancer care is doing
today.
DISCOVER
“Watson will be an invaluable resource
for our physicians and will dramatically
enhance the quality and effectiveness
of medical care.”
-Dr Sam Nussbaum,
Chief Medical Officer, WellPoint

11. © 2011 IBM Corporation
Imagine if…
DECIDE
. . . the 1.5M people
diagnosed with cancer in the
US last year had a better
prognosis?
That’s exactly what a major
health plan provider is
working to accomplish.
“Watson can aggregate information
and give probabilities that will
enable (experts) to zero in on the
most likely diagnosis.”
-Dr. Steven Nissen,
Cleveland Clinic

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





Overall Confidence
Evidence-Based Diagnostic Analysis using DeepQA
Watson Workshop: What are the industry implications?

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Analytics is an opportunity for progress
Sources: Analytics: The New Path to Value, a joint MIT Sloan Management Review and IBM Institute of Business Value study. Copyright © Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2010
5.4x3x
Organizations that excel in
analytics outperform those who are
just beginning to adopt analytics
Top performers are more likely to
use an analytic approach over
intuition when making decisions
Watson Workshop: What are the opportunities for progress?

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Watson innovations supporting Healthcare scenarios
 Medical information doubles in volume every five years
 30 percent of the $2.3 trillion dollars spent on healthcare in the United States annually is
wasted
 15 seconds to analyze 200.000.000 pages of clinical data
 15 seconds to cross-reference the symptoms of 1.000.000 cancer patients
 15 seconds to read millions of current medical journals to test hypotheses
Watson Workshop: What are the industry implications?

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What is
CDSS?Clinical Decision Support Systems
Watson Workshop: What is Watson?

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- diagnostic support
1. large arrays of prior
probabilities linking clinical
findings to diagnoses
2. natural language patient
summary from
physician notes in EHR
3. indexes medical literature
for treatment options
for each diagnosis
- treatment support
Watson Workshop: What are the industry implications?
A brief history of clinical decision support systems

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Watson Workshop: What are the industry implications?
...and the problems...
Which disease causes uveitis in a patient with
family history of arthritis presenting circular
rash, fever, and headache?

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Watson Workshop: What are the industry implications?
...and the problems...

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Watson Workshop: What are the industry implications?
...and the problems...

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Watson Workshop: What are the industry implications?
...let's ask IBM Watson...
Which disease causes uveitis in a patient with
family history of arthritis presenting circular
rash, fever, and headache?

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Watson answers a grand challenge …
Answer:
76% Lyme Disease,
1% Behcet's Disease,
1% Sarcoidosis
Watson Workshop: What is Watson?

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The Paris Hilton Problem
Watson Workshop: What is Watson?

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The Paris Hilton Problem
Watson Workshop: What is Watson?
Source: www.coursera.org

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Semantic Annotation
Watson Workshop: What is Watson?

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Watson behind the scenes
Watson Workshop: What is Watson?
- Take plain text question
- Semantically annotate Question
- Search semantically annotated knowledge space
- Generate semantically annotated set of hypotheses
- Score hypotheses using semantically annotated knowledge space

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InfoSphere Warehouse
DB2, Informix, Netezza
Aggregating and storing
data and content
InfoSphere BigInsights
“Big Data” analysis (Hadoop)
IBM Content Analytics
Natural Language Processing
and content analysis
leveraging UIMA
InfoSphere Streams
Massively parallel analysis
IBM Power Systems
Thousands of parallel
processes
Related Innovations
Business Analytics
BI, Predictive Analytics
and more
IBM Global
Business Services
Research, expertise and
analytical assets
ECM Solutions
IBM eDiscovery Analyzer
IBM Classification Module
IBM OmniFind Enterprise Search
Used by Watson
Workload Optimized Systems
Integrated, Optimized by Workload
Watson Workshop: What is Watson?
Watson: Related Technologies

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