History of Indian Town Planning : Mohen Jo daro, Harrapa, Buddhist, Mughal etc.

2. covering approx 1/2 million miles of
Northern Indian subcontinent is the largest
ancient civilization in history till now.
.The Indus Valley people are highly artistic
and skilled.Their chief features include a
highly organized urban setup and a strong
economy.
INDUS VALLEY
CIVILIZATION

3. INDUS VALLEY CIVILISATION
TOWN PLANNING IS NOT NEW IDEA
OR SCIENCE. IT IS OLD AS ITS RICH
CULTURE AND TRADITION.
DEVELOPMENT OF TOWN PLANNING
IN ANCIENT INDIA IS STARTED FROM
INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
NEARLY 3000 YEAR AGO.

4. MOHEN-JO-DARO

5. MOHEN JO DARO &
HARAPPA

6. MOHENJO-DARO
THE EXCAVATION CARRIED OUT IN LATTER
HALF OF TWENTIES AT MOHANJO-DARO,
(COVERING AREA OF 260 HECTER) AND
HARRAPA.
THE CIVILIZATION GREATLY DEVELOPED
BETWEEN 4000-3000 BC AT THE ANCIENT
MESOPOTAMIA.THE CITY HAD HIGHLY
ADVANCED SYSTEM OF TOWN PLANNING.
THE GREAT BATH.IT WAS RITUALISTIC BATHING
TANK WHICH WAS THE PART OF HINDU
TEMPLES. THE GREAT BATH WAS 7M WIDE ,AND
12M LONG AND 2.4 M DEEP.

7. Town Planning
The city of Mohenjo Daro is testimony to the town planning
activities
The streets form a grid system and are of modulated width.
Bricks of fixed sizes are used for building while stone and
wood are also used.
Municipal authorities who are responsible for the whole of the
valley also regularly maintain a highly efficient drainage
system.Buildings in the lower area are rather monotonous,
being mainly functional rather than decorative. many houses are
2 storeyed.
Mohenjo Daro

8. THE CITY MOHENJO-DARO
.
HOUSE WERE OF VARYING SIZES AND STOREYS CONSTRUCTED WITH
BRICK WALLS.A SERIES OF ROOM ARE ARRANGED AROUND AN OPEN –
TO-SKY CENTRAL COURT .
THE RESIDENCES HAD NO DIRECT ENTRANCE OPENING TO THE MAIN
STREETS; AND NO WINDOW ARE PROVIDED TOWARD SUBSIDIARY
WALKWAYS.
A COMMON WELL WAS PROVIDED TO THE GROUP OF THE BUILDINGS.
THE DRAINAGE LINES WERE RUNNING UNDER WALK WAYS AND
FINALLY CONNECTED TO THE MAIN SEWERS LAID UNDER MAIN
ROAD.THERE WERE MAINHOLES LOCATED AT DIFFERENT PLACES
FOR CLEANING AND INSPECTION.

9. Great Bath: Mohenjo Daro has a sophisticated system of water
supply & drainage and its brickwork, is highly functional and
the amazing part of it is - that it is completely waterproof. The
granaries are also intelligently constructed, with strategic
airducts and platform are divided into units.
GREAT BATH

10. HARAPPA PLANING
The Indus Valley
civilization flourished
around 2,500 B.C
INwestern India. It is
often referred to as
Harappan Civilization

11. HARAPPA PLANING

12. VEDIC PERIOD
IN VEDIC PERIOD ,THE TOWN PLANNING WAS
DONE ON SCIENTIFIC FOOTING .THE PRINCIPLES
OF TOWN PLANNING ARE MENTIONED IN SOME
SACRED BOOK .IN VISWA KARMAPRAKASH IT IS
STATED THAT –FIRST LAYOUT THE TOWN S AND
THEN PLAN THE HOUSES.
MANSARS SILPASHASTRA(ARCHITECTURE BY
MANSARA) DEALS WITH MANY ASPECTS OF
TOWN PLANNING , SUCH AS STUDY OF SOIL
,CLIMATIC CONDIYION ,TOPOGRAPHY ,FIXING
ORIENTATION TO GET MAXIMUM ADVANTAGE
OF THE SUN WIND

13. VASTUSHASTRA
• ACCORDING TO IT THERE ARE 8 DIFFERENT TYPE OF TOWNS AND
VILLAGES AS PER THEIR SHAPES-
•DANDAKA
•NANDYAVARTA
•SARVATOBHADRA
•PRASTARA
•CHATURMUKHA
•PADMAKA
•SWASTIKA

14. BUDDHIST PERIOD
IT STATED THAT THE REGULATION OF ZONING
DEPENDING ON COMMUNITIES .
THE EXCAVATION CARRIED OUT (PATNA).THE CAPITAL
WAS LAID ON GRID IRON PATTERN CONSISTING OF 16
SECTORS .
MOST OF THE GARDEN AND HOUSE WITH WELL AND
PONDS.WASTE WATER WAS CARRIED BY MEANS OF
UNDERGROUND DRAINAGE AND FINALLY TO THE RIVER
GANGA.

15. PATLIPUTRA

17. CITY IN BUDDHIST PERIOD
CITY OF TAXILA-THE CITY ANCIENT CAPITAL OF
GANDHAR ,COVERING AN AREA OF 30 SQ.KM ,CONTAIN MANY
SHRINES AND TEMPLES,HERE THE AXIAL MAIN ROADS ARE
DIVIDED BY STREETS AND REGULAR BLOKS OF BUILDING.
CITY NALANDA-THE SITE OF NALANDA MEASURED
ABOUT 487M LONG AND 244M WIDE AND CONTAIN THREE MAIN
ESSENTIAL STUPAS, TEMPLES AND HOSTEL FOR MONKS.IT HAD
THREE HUNDRED HALLS ACCOMDATING MORE THEN TEN
THOUSANDS PUPILS .S

18. MEDIEVAL PERIOD-14TH
CENTURY
THERE WAS DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE AND
COMMERCE.FAMOUS CITIES WAS DEVELOPED
ARE:-
DHAKA
KRISHNAGAR (CLAY MODELS)
AGARA (MARBLE)
MURSHIDABAD(SILK)
JAIPUR(PALATIAL BUILDINGS OF ARTISTIIC
EXCELLENCE)

19. MUGHAL PERIOD(1526-1707A.D)
THE CITIES LIKE AGRA, DELHI WERE RE-
DEVELOPED,FATEPURSIKRI WAS ENTIRELY
PLANNED.
OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS STARTED IN THIS
PERIOD WAS LAYING OF GARDEN AND PARKS.
IT WAS NEW TREND IN PLANNING MANY
ORNAMENTAL GARDENS OF MOGHUL PERIOD
SUCH AS-LAL BAGH,SHALIMAR BAGH.

20. BRITISH PERIOD 1947(PRE-
INDEPENDENCE PERIOD)
THEY DEVELOPED STREET PLANNING .THEY
ADOPT STRAIGHT ROADS REGARDLESSS OF THE
COST OR DAMAGE TO SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF
THE TOWN. NEW DELHI-THE PLAN WAS
PREPARED ON MODERN TOWN PLANNING
POST-INDEPENDENCE(1947)-INDUSTRIAL TOWN
WERE PLANNED IN THIS PERIOD .
STEEL TOWN- DURGAPUR,BHILAI ,ROURKELA,
INDUSTRIAL TOWN-JAMSHEDPUR ,BHADRAVATI ,CHITTARANJA
CAPITALS-GANDHI NAGAR ,CHANDIGARH