This document discusses competency-based selection systems and competency models. It defines competencies as skills, knowledge, abilities and behaviors that distinguish high performers and relate to effective job performance. The document outlines different approaches to developing competency models, including identifying core competencies required for roles aligned with business strategy. It also discusses how competency models can be used to improve human resource management systems like training, performance evaluation, and succession planning.

1. Competency-based Selection Systems By: Omar Terani

2. Course Overview Introduction to Competency. Developing Competency Models. Competency-Based Application. Formation of a Competency Framework. Behavioural Event Interview. Behavioural Description Interview (BDI). Competency-Based Interview Systems. Competency-Based Interview Flows. Competency Mapping and Assessment Centres. Competency-Based Resumes.

3. Business Strategy ‘Strategy is a comprehensive and integrated plan that relates the strategic advantages of the firm to the challenges of the environment. It is designed to ensure that the basic objectives of the enterprise are achieved through proper execution by the organization. Businesses have strategies, a formal planning cycle, a mechanism is devised to devote the resources to it in the competitive environment.’ (Jauch & Glucck 1984)

4. The Competitive Advantage Porter's Generic Competitive Strategies Cost Leadership Differentiation Focus coast leadership Focus differentiation. (Porter, M., 1985)

5. Environmental Imperatives Communication channels IT services and IT enabled services Value-based management Growth opportunities Increased operational efficiency and effectiveness with technology support On and off shore delivery from/to third world economies Impact of globalisation Business has taken ownership for performance Regulatory mechanisms and converging industries Increased sensitivity to shareholder values. Demand side and competition. Fast changing technologies.

6. Competency definition ‘A cluster of related knowledge, skills and attitudes that affects a major part of one’s job (a role or responsibility), that correlates with performance on the job, that can be measured against well-accepted standards and that can be improved via training and development’. “Competencies can be defined as skills, areas of knowledge, attitudes and abilities that distinguish high performers” (Parry 1996)

7. Competency? Competencies are Characteristics. Competencies lead to the demonstration of skills and abilities. Competencies must lead to effective performance Competency also embodies the capacity to transfer skills and abilities from one area to another.

8. What the employee does How work is completed Functions Techniques DutiesMethods Essential /Marginal functions Tools Competences for job success Skills Knowledge Abilities

9. Self Concept Visible Skill Knowledge Self Concept Trait Motive Hidden The Iceberg Model

10. Skill Concept Self Trait Motive Attitudes Values Surface Most easily developed Core Personality Most difficult to develop Knowledge Central and Surface Competencies

11. Observable Behaviour Knowledge: Job related

12. Core Competencies vs. Workplace Competencies Core Workplace Scope Organisation Individual Purpose Strategic Tactical Participant(s) Business unit Worker Tasks Processes Activities Competencies Global Position

13. Competencies for Competitive Advantage Art of good management is the ability to make a practical assessment of an organisation’s suitability to its task or strategy. Competencies are an organisation’s most important resources because they are valuable, rare and difficult to initiate. Mapping competencies is most important and has to be related to the corporate strategy.

14. Myths about Competency Competence is not performance. Competence is not process input. Competence is not process output. Competence is not a trait. Competence is not capability or ability. Competence is not a motivational attitude.

15. Developing Competency Models Maximise the advantages of state-of-the-art technology, superior products, and steady source of capital. Identify the essential knowledge, skills and attributes needed for successful performance in a job aligned with the strategy. Highly concrete proficiencies. Ability to think strategically or to influence others

16. Competencies Model Competencies must be defined along with examples. Some models are meant to identify the core competencies. Competency model should be developed with a specific role in mind. What skills, knowledge and characteristics are required to do the job? What behaviour has the most direct impact on performance and success in the job?

17. How HRM systems are ensured by a competency model? Training and Development. Succession Planning. Performance. Hiring the Best Available People. Productivity Maximisation. Adapting to Change. Aligning Behaviour with Organisational Strategies and Values.

18. Various Competency Models Job Competence Assessment Method. Modified Job Competence Assessment Method. Generic Model Overlay Method. Customised Generic Model Method. Flexible Job Competency Model Method. Accelerated Competency Systems Method.

19. The Personal Competency Framework Intellectual. Personal. Communication. Interpersonal. Leadership. Result Oriented. Performance Rating Scale. Importance Rating Scale

20. The Lancaster (Burgoyne) Model of Managerial Competencies. Command of Basic Facts. Relevant Professional Knowledge Continuing Sensitivity to Events. Social Skills and Abilities. Balanced Learning Habits and Skills Emotional Resilience. Proactivity or Inclination to Respond Purposefully to Events. Creativity Mental Agility. Self-knowledge (Burgoyne and Stuart 1976)