This document provides guidance on aggregation for journalists. It defines aggregation as using outside resources efficiently. The document discusses when aggregation is appropriate, such as when a story has local relevance or another source is covering it well. It also reviews best practices for attribution and using limited excerpts from other sources. Visual aggregation is discussed, including using Creative Commons photos and videos and evaluating their relevance. Journalists are encouraged to add context through aggregation while following ethical standards.

1. Finding the story, image or
video you need

2. Housekeeping
 Submit questions throughout on the right hand side
in the chat box
 Resources and presentation will be in Dropbox
 Check out the hashtag #NPRKnight on Twitter
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3. Previously, on #NPRKnight training…
 The importance of headlines
 Writing for the web
 Your daily workflow
 Visual Storytelling
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4. This week, on #NPRKnight training…
I. What are we talking about again?
• What is aggregation?
• When should we aggregate?
II. Making aggregation visual:
• When should we add photos?
• When should we add videos?
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5. What is aggregation?
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6. A fancy word for using your resources wisely
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7. Anatomy of an aggregated post
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8. Anatomy of an aggregated post
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9. Anatomy of an aggregated post
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10. Anatomy of an aggregated post
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11. Anatomy of an aggregated post
 Source is NAMED
 Source is LINKED TO
 Quoted TEXT LOOKS DIFFERENT (blocked
text, colored, italics)
 Use no more than 200 WORDS, if relevant
- more likely a paragraph or a sentence.
 Keep the TEXT TOGETHER (as it appeared in
the original story)
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12. Five Reasons to Aggregate?
 It has local relevance – your audience is
interested
 You can add context to the story
 Someone else is doing an excellent job covering a
story
 You don’t have reporters or resources on the
scene
 You discover a story from another source
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14. When should I look for photos?
 What is the best way to represent my story?
 Think of the visuals from the beginning of your
reporting
 What are my resources?
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15. What are my resources?
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16. One tactic: Creative Commons
Creative Commons, by Karin Dalziel (CC BY)
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17. 1. "Attribution" license – symbolized as “BY”
1. “Non-Commercial" license – symbolized as “NC”
2. “No Derivatives” – symbolized as “ND”
1. “ShareAlike” – symbolized as “SA”
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18. NPR uses this:
 "Attribution" license – symbolized as “BY”
• You must attribute the photo to the source
 “Non-Commercial" license – symbolized as “NC”
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19. Other:
 “No Derivatives” – symbolized as “ND”
 Means that you can’t crop a photo or edit it
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20. Other:
 “ShareAlike” – symbolized as “SA”
Means you license your new creation under the
same Creative Commons ShareAlike license.
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21. Four Questions to Ask Before Using a Photo
 Which image best conveys the important elements of the
story?
 What is the editorial relevance of each frame?
 What aspects of the image best convey the story to the
reader?
 Will the caption add editorial relevance to the image, not
justify the use of the image?
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22. http://search.creativecommons.org/
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29. VIDEO
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30. When is it worth using videos?
 When you want to add a dynamic element to a story
 When text, images and audio aren’t enough
 When the clip provides a sense of place for the story
When news is happening quickly and you need to save
time/space on describing something (don’t say, SHOW it)
 It has local relevance – your audience is interested
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31. How to find videos
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32. How to find videos
 Often the video your story needs is already out there. So
here are some ways to use YouTube, Vimeo and other
video services to work for your site.
 Jim Hill from KUNC offers his tips for finding videos with
minimal effort
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33. 1. Subscribe to a search query in RSS on
YouTube
 http://www.youtube.com/rss/search/QUERY.rss
 You can refine your search by separating queries with a
comma. EXAMPLE: you can search for Boulder, Colorado
 You can also change the order by changing “relevance” to
“published” or “view count.”
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34. 2. Subscribe to a tag query in RSS on YouTube
 EXAMPLE: I want to subscribe to any video tagged
“Denver” or “Craft Beer” or “Flying Squirrel”
 Tip: replace spaces with a dash < – > in your query
 http://www.youtube.com/rss/search/denver-craftbeer-
flyingsquirrel.rss
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35. 3. Play with YouTube News and Google News
 How do they know where you are? Trust us, Google
knows everything.
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36. 4. Learn to make search filters work for you
 Search for only ‘recently uploaded’ videos
 Search for an exact match only: “<query>”
 Search for only HD videos
 Force a search to include a second query: <query1> +
<query2>
 Force a search to OMIT a second query: <query1> -
<query2>
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37. 5. Don’t forget Vimeo!
 it’s a great place to find more arts & culture driven
content, less news
 a. Browse CATEGORIES http://vimeo.com/categories
 b. Browse GROUPS http://vimeo.com/groups
 c. Browse CHANNELS http://vimeo.com/channels
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38. 5. But be sure you can use the videos you find
 Is there an embed code or a link?
 Check for Creative Commons license
 Give credit
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39. When do you make video its own story?
Consider two things:
1. Impact of the clip
2. Your own editorial judgment.
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40. Impact of the clip
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41. Editorial Judgment—
It’s still all about the impact
 Start with this question: Would this be of interest to your
audience or further your own reporting on a subject?
 For video only: Give a brief reason in text for why your
audience should click play.
 Treat it like social sharing: here it is and here’s the reason to
watch.
 Video-only posts live or die based on your headline and visual.
 Give it the watch test: If you’re watching over and over or
sharing it in the office, it’s good enough to go online.
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42. Aggregation: Bringing it all home
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43. Aggregation: Bringing it all home
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44. Aggregation: Bringing it all home
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45. Aggregation: Bringing it all home
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46. And, of course, strong headlines!
Seattle $1.1 billion short of funding pensions
Video: Haunting time-lapse of Seattle without people
Video: How police confronted the Café Racer killer
And The Drunkest City In America Goes To…Boston!
LAPD manhunt rumor control:
Drones, sightings and what's actually true (updated)
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47. Questions?
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48. Assignment:
Write a short aggegrated post, using any
combination of photo, video, and stories
from another sources. Don’t forget the
headline!
Email to dseditorial@npr.org with your
station call letters in the email subject line
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