Turf Maintenance - simplified - for NGA UUM students
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The slides are part of a talk that I gave to a group of National Golf Academy students at University Utara Malaysia. A motivated bunch of students. It's actually the first time I gave talk to professional golfers about golf course maintenance. Their questions and discussions are an eye-opener. Thoug I must say to keep their attention was quite a challenge. I simplified the subject on purpose. Trying to compress so many things into one hour is quite a feat. So don't judge me.
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Turf Maintenance - simplified - for NGA UUM students
- 1. Turf Maintenance – Malaysian Golf Course Experience By: Normas Yakin Md. Arifin
- 2. Who am I • Assistant Golf Course Supt 1993 – 1996 • Golf Course Superintendent 1996 – 2003 • Club Manager 2003 – 2009 • Consultant 2009 onwards. • Part-time Lecturer KDU university-college • Member of GCSAA since 2001 • Member of GCSAM since inception
- 3. Turf Maintenance – Malaysian Golf Course Experience Main points • Myself • Golf Course maintenance • My experiences Take away points • As Pros/user of golf course • As person; use of resources or pollutant. • As part of management
- 4. Turf Maintenance works: • Pest control • Disease cure • Drainage • Irrigation • Etc. • Fertilising • Mowing • Vertical cutting • Aeration • Topdressing • Etc.
- 5. 1. Fertilising • How much? • 1.75 kg/100 square meter • 1 bag per green • Spray and pray • When? • Once a week? Twice? • What? • Slow release? Quick Release • Methylene Urea, PSCU, IBDU
- 6. Fertilising: in Malaysia Three ways 1. Follow old/previous/neighbour 2. Follow supplier 3. Do soil test Which one you think Malaysians use?
- 7. 2. Cultural Practices Definition: all mechanical work done to improve turfgrass or soil without the use of fertiliser or any other chemicals www.mynormas.com 7
- 8. Cultural Practices: Types i. Mowing ii. Top dressing iii. Vertical cutting iv. Aeration www.mynormas.com 8
- 9. i. Mowing • Defined – Long grass cut short • Cutting height • Which is how high grass from ground level www.mynormas.com 9
- 10. How often? • Health • Growth of grass • Do not cut more than one third • Photosynthesis • Greens 1x a day • Fairways 2 – 3x a week • Rough 1 – 2x a week www.mynormas.com 10
- 12. Striping a fairway Malaysians love stripes • Caused by grass leaning in 1 direction • Light reflected by leaf surface • It’s the roller behind the knife; not the knife www.mynormas.com 12
- 13. Who doesn’t like stripes? • Me. Because of tyre marks • Esp. during wet weather • Pros. • Because long grass bending away can prevent good shot. www.mynormas.com 13
- 14. ii.Topdressing • The act of distributing a thin layer of sand, soil or amendments to reduce surface deformities or to give a firmer surface. www.mynormas.com 14
- 17. Topdressing – Other reasons • To reduce or control ‘Thatch’ • To change soil structure • To help in root development • To add other amendments that will assist in: 1. Store water 2. Improve biological activity 3. Improve nutrient absorption www.mynormas.com 17
- 18. IntroducingThatch • Is an organic layer • Consisting of stems, leaves, roots whether still living or dead. • This layer is between grass and soil. • It may be already decaying or in the process. www.mynormas.com 18
- 19. iii. Vertical cutting • Normal cutting – horizontal • Vertical cutting – vertical • www.mynormas.com 19
- 20. Vertical cutting - Why? • Remove thatch 1. Thatch – fungi 2. Thatch – hydrophobic • Other reasons 1. Add new grow points 2. Create new plants 3. For stolons www.mynormas.com 20
- 21. Vertical cutting: Why? 1. Grooming 2. Dethatching 3. Scarifying • Raise the grass • Better cut • Done often • Slightly deep • Remove thatch • Cutting rhizomes and stolons • ‘initiate’ growth points • Done irregularly • Not so deep • Remove mat • Improve soil structure • Space for new roots • Quite deep and aggressive • Rarely done www.mynormas.com 21
- 22. Vertical cutting: grooming • No grooming • Yes grooming www.mynormas.com 22
- 23. Vertical cutting : dethatch www.mynormas.com 23
- 26. • Stolon is produced this way www.mynormas.com 26
- 27. Stolon (planting material) www.mynormas.com 27
- 28. Cultural Practice iv. Aeration • Daily use – soil particle www.mynormas.com 28 crush together. • Push air out • Micro organisme need oxygen • Water needs pathway to follow • Divided into: 1. Coring 2. Slicing/spiking
- 30. 3. Pest Control; Insects • English: Pest • “Any creature that causes harm to humans or human belongings”
- 31. How or why pest harm • Some are good and beneficial • Some harm because they suck the juice from root or leaf. • Some eat root or leaf • Some live in the soil and destroy root. • Some destroy quality of grass • Some causes diseases.
- 32. Insects
- 33. Ants don’t harm grass but quality
- 34. Earth worm
- 35. Greens eaten by insect
- 36. Diseases needs three conditions 1. Host: Grass that can be infected (unhealthy, less fertiliser, not enough sun etc.) 2. An active pathogen 3. A suitable environment e.g. Low temperature or high moisture.
- 39. As compared to dry Eaten by insects
- 40. The problem in Malaysia • Most have condition 1 and 3. (poor health & condition) • All it needs is a pathogen • Cannot tell difference (insect, dry or disease) • Don’t know what to do • Worse; some continuously spray
- 41. 4. Drainage & Irrigation “There are three important things on a golf course; Drainage, Drainage and Drainage” www.mynormas.com 41
- 42. What happens poor drainage www.mynormas.com 42 1. can’t play golf 2. Can’t play golf 3. Can’t play golf 4. Can’t mow 5. Can’t fertilize 6. Cannot spray
- 47. Irrigation
- 48. Problem in Malaysia • Not enough drainage • Whether subsoil or through soil • Too much irrigation • By schedule and not by needs www.mynormas.com 48
- 49. Turf Maintenance; Recap • Pest control • Disease cure • Drainage • Irrigation • Etc. • Fertilising • Mowing • Vertical cutting • Aeration • Topdressing • Etc.
- 50. Malaysian Golf Courses • Some are very good • Some should be closed • And some are very average (being polite) www.mynormas.com 50
- 51. Malaysian Golf Courses • Some are professionally run • Some are not run professionally • Some … just run • Don’t want advice even when free www.mynormas.com 51
- 52. Being a consultant • Is tough • Talking to friends or about friends • Don’t want to put people down • Old habits are hard to break • Some myths are too strong • Some clubs prefer foreigner advice www.mynormas.com 52
- 53. Normas Yakin Arifin Call 012 511 3353 www.mynormas.com www.slideshare.net/normas98