Introduction au scripting SH

1. Syntax
Variables
Built-in Commands
Awk, Sed et Co.
Scripting with Sh
Nicolas Ledez
15 septembre 2008
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

2. Syntax
Variables
Built-in Commands
Awk, Sed et Co.
Outline
1 Syntax
2 Variables
3 Built-in Commands
4 Awk, Sed et Co.
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

3. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Filename Metacharacters
String Meaning
* Match any string of zero or more characters
? Match any single character
[abc...] Match any one of the enclosed characters ; a
hyphen can specify a range (e.g., a–z, A–Z,
0–9)
[!abc...] Match any character not enclosed as above
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

4. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Filename Metacharacters - examples
String Meaning
new* Match new new.1
ch? Match ch9 but not ch10
[D-R]* Match files that begin with uppercase D through R
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

5. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Quoting
Character Meaning
; Command separator
& Background execution
( ) Command grouping
| Pipe
< > & Redirection symbols
* ? [ ] ~ + - @ ! Filename metacharacters
" ’ Used in quoting other characters
‘ Command substitution
$ Variable substitution
space tab newline Word separators
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

6. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Quoting - examples
$ echo ’Single quotes "protect" double quotes’
Single quotes "protect" double quotes
$ echo "Well, isn’t that "special" ?"
Well, isn’t that "special" ?
$ echo "You have ‘ls | wc -l‘ files in ‘pwd‘"
You have 43 files in /home/bob
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

7. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Command Forms 1/2
cmd & Execute cmd in background
cmd1 ; cmd2 Command sequence ; execute
multiple cmds on the same line
{ cmd1 ; cmd2 ; } Execute commands as a group
in the current shell
(cmd1 ; cmd2) Execute commands as a group
in a subshell
cmd1 | cmd2 Pipe ; use output from cmd1 as
input to cmd2
cmd1 ‘cmd2‘ Command substitution ; use
cmd2 output as arguments to
cmd1
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

8. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Command Forms 2/2
cmd1 && cmd2 AND ; execute cmd1 and then (if
cmd1 succeeds) cmd2. This is a
“short-circuit” operation ; cmd2
is never executed if cmd1 fails
cmd1 || cmd2 OR ; execute either cmd1 or
(if cmd1 fails) cmd2. This is a
“short-circuit” operation ; cmd2
is never executed if cmd1 suc-
ceeds
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

9. Command Forms - examples
$ nroff file > file.txt &
Format in the background
$ cd ; ls
Execute sequentially
$ (date ; who ; pwd) > logfile
All output is redirected
$ sort file | pr -3 | lp
Sort file, page output, then print
$ vi ‘grep -l ifdef *.c‘
Edit files found by grep
$ egrep ’(yes|no)’ ‘cat list‘
Specify a list of files to search
$ grep XX file && lp file
Print file if it contains the pattern
$ grep XX file || echo "XX not found"
otherwise, echo an error message

10. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Redirection Forms
File De- Name Common Typical Default
scriptor Abbreviation
0 Standard input stdin Keyboard
1 Standard output stdout Terminal
2 Standard error stderr Terminal
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

11. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Redirection Forms - Simple redirection
$ cmd > file
Send output of cmd to file (overwrite)
$ cmd » file
Send output of cmd to file (append)
$ cmd < file
Take input for cmd from file
$ cmd « text
The contents of the shell script up to a line identical to text
become the standard input for cmd (text can be stored in
a shell variable)
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

12. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Redirection Forms - Redirection using file descriptors
cmd >&n Send cmd output to file descriptor n
cmd m>&n Same, except that output that would normally
go to file descriptor m is sent to file descriptor
n instead
cmd >&- Close standard output
cmd <&n Take input for cmd from file descriptor n
cmd m<&n Same, except that input that would normally
come from file descriptor m comes from file
descriptor n instead
cmd <&- Close standard input
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

13. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Redirection Forms - examples 1/2
$ cat part1 > book
$ cat part2 part3 >> book
$ mail tim < report
$ sed ’s/^/XX /g’ << "END_ARCHIVE"
> echo toto $titi
> END_ARCHIVE
XX echo toto $titi
$ export titi=qsdf
$ sed ’s/^/XX /g’ << END_ARCHIVE
> echo toto $titi
> END_ARCHIVE
XX echo toto qsdf
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

14. Syntax Filename Metacharacters
Variables Quoting
Built-in Commands Command Forms
Awk, Sed et Co. Redirection Forms
Redirection Forms - examples 2/2
$ echo "Usage error: see administrator" 1>&2
To redirect standard output to standard error
$ find / -print > filelist 2>no_access
The following command sends output (files found) to filelist and
error messages (inaccessible files) to file no_access
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

15. Syntax
Variable Substitution
Variables
Built-in Shell Variables
Built-in Commands
Other Shell Variables
Awk, Sed et Co.
Variable Substitution
String Meaning
var=value Set each variable var to a value
$var ${var} Use value of var
${var:-value} Use var if set ; otherwise, use value
${var:=value} Use var if set ; otherwise, use value
and assign value to var
${var:?value} se var if set ; otherwise, print value and
exit (if not interactive). If value isn’t
supplied, print the phrase "parameter
null or not set."
${var:+value} Use value if var is set ; otherwise, use
nothing
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

16. Syntax
Variable Substitution
Variables
Built-in Shell Variables
Built-in Commands
Other Shell Variables
Awk, Sed et Co.
Variable Substitution 1/2
$ u=up d=down blank=
Assign values to three variables (last is null)
$ echo ${u}root
uproot
Braces are needed here
$ echo ${u-$d}
up
Display value of u or d ; since u is set, it’s printed
$ echo ${tmp-‘date‘}
Thu Feb 4 15:03:46 EST 1993
If tmp is not set, the date command is executed
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

17. Syntax
Variable Substitution
Variables
Built-in Shell Variables
Built-in Commands
Other Shell Variables
Awk, Sed et Co.
Variable Substitution 1/2
$ u=up d=down blank=
$ echo ${blank="no data"}
blank is set, so it is printed (a blank line)
$ echo ${blank:="no data"}
no data
blank is set but null, so the string is printed
$ echo $blank
no data
blank now has a new value
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

18. Syntax
Variable Substitution
Variables
Built-in Shell Variables
Built-in Commands
Other Shell Variables
Awk, Sed et Co.
Built-in Shell Variables 1/2
String Meaning
$# Number of command-line arguments
$- Options currently in effect (arguments
supplied to sh or to set)
$? Exit value of last executed command
$$ Process number of current process
$! Process number of last background
command
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

19. Syntax
Variable Substitution
Variables
Built-in Shell Variables
Built-in Commands
Other Shell Variables
Awk, Sed et Co.
Built-in Shell Variables 2/2
String Meaning
$0 First word ; that is, command name.
This will have the full path name if it
was found via a PATH search
$n Individual arguments on command
line (positional parameters, n = 1–9).
$*, $@ All arguments on command line
($1 $2 ...)
"$*" All arguments on command line as
one string ("$1 $2...")
"$@" All arguments on command line, indi-
vidually quoted ("$1" "$2" ...)
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

20. Syntax
Variable Substitution
Variables
Built-in Shell Variables
Built-in Commands
Other Shell Variables
Awk, Sed et Co.
Other Shell Variables 1/2
String Meaning
CDPATH=dirs Directories searched by cd ; allows
shortcuts in changing directories ; un-
set by default
HOME=dir Home directory ; set by login (from
/etc/passwd file)
IFS=’chars’ Input field separators ; default is
space, tab, and newline
LANG=dir Directory to use for certain language-
dependent programs
MAIL=file Default file in which to receive mail ;
set by login
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

21. Syntax
Variable Substitution
Variables
Built-in Shell Variables
Built-in Commands
Other Shell Variables
Awk, Sed et Co.
Other Shell Variables 2/2
String Meaning
MAILCHECK=n Number of seconds between mail
checks ; default is 600 (10 minutes)
PATH=dirlist One or more pathnames, delimited by
colons, in which to search for com-
mands to execute
PS1=string Primary prompt string ; default is $
PS2=string Secondary prompt (used in multiline
commands) ; default is >
SHELL=file Name of default shell (e.g., /bin/sh)
TERM=string Terminal type
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

22. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
shell-bang # :
# ! / b i n / sh
# comment
...
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

23. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
!:
i f who | grep r o o t > / dev / n u l l
then
echo r o o t i s c u r r e n t l y logged on
fi
i f ! who | grep r o o t > / dev / n u l l
then
echo r o o t i s n o t c u r r e n t l y logged on
fi
i f who | grep r o o t > / dev / n u l l
then : # Do n o t h i n g i f p a t t e r n i s found
else
echo r o o t i s n o t c u r r e n t l y logged on
fi
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

24. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
cd pwd kill sleep time
$ pwd
/ home / admin
$ cd / tmp /
$ pwd
/ tmp
$ k i l l 19524
$ date && s l e e p 2 && date
Mon Aug 13 1 6 : 3 0 : 2 9 CEST 2007
Mon Aug 13 1 6 : 3 0 : 3 1 CEST 2007
$ t i m e ( f i n d / tmp >/ dev / n u l l 2>&1)
real 0m0.002 s
user 0m0.000 s
sys 0m0.004 s
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

25. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
type ulimit umask
$ t y p e mv read
mv i s / b i n / mv
read i s a s h e l l b u i l t i n
# Turn o f f w r i t e p e r m i s s i o n f o r o t h e r s :
# Produces f i l e p e r m i s s i o n −rw−rw−r−−
$ umask 002
# Turn o f f a l l p e r m i s s i o n s f o r group & o t h e r s :
# Produces f i l e p e r m i s s i o n −rw−−−−−−−
$ umask 077
$ man u l i m i t
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

26. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
if
i f [ $ c o u n t e r − l t 10 ]
then
number=0 $ c o u n t e r
else
number= $ c o u n t e r
fi
i f [ ! −d $ d i r ] ; then
mkdir $ d i r
chmod 775 $ d i r
fi
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

27. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
for
f i l e _ l i s t =" i n s t a l l _ p e a r l _ h o s t . t x t "
HOST_OK= ‘ awk ’ / [ X ] / { p r i n t $2 } ’ $ f i l e _ l i s t ‘
HOST_KO= ‘ awk ’ / [ . ] / { p r i n t $2 } ’ $ f i l e _ l i s t
echo " h o s t OK"
f o r h o s t i n $HOST_OK ; do
echo $host
check_tcp −H $host − t 1 −p 10001
done
echo " h o s t KO"
f o r h o s t i n $HOST_KO ; do
echo $host
check_tcp −H $host − t 1 −p 10001
done
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

28. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
while
w h i l e [ − f t o t o ] ; do
echo Wait
sleep 1
done
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

29. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
continue
f o r i i n ‘ seq 7 ‘ ; do
i f [ $ i −eq 5 ] ; then
continue
fi
echo $ i
done
1
2
3
4
6
7
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

30. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
break
f o r i i n ‘ seq 7 ‘ ; do
i f [ $ i −eq 5 ] ; then
break
fi
echo $ i
done
1
2
3
4
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

31. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
until
u n t i l [ − f t o t o ] ; do
echo Wait
sleep 1
done
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

32. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
case
case $1 i n # Match t h e f i r s t arg
no | yes ) response = 1 ; ;
−[ t T ] ) t a b l e =TRUE ; ;
∗) echo " unknown o p t i o n " ; e x i t 1 ; ;
esac
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

33. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
name()
count ( ) {
l s | wc − l
}
count
13
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

34. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
alias
a l i a s l l = ’ l s −l a t r ’
a l i a s l s = ’ l s −−c o l o r =auto ’
a l i a s omega= ’ cd ~ / p r o j e c t s / omega ’
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

35. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
exit
i f [ $# −eq 0 ]
then
echo " Usage : $0 [−c ] [−d ] f i l e ( s ) " 1>&2
exit 1 # Error status
fi
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

36. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
getopts
w h i l e g e t o p t s " hzgc : " Option ; do
case $Option i n
h ) usage ; e x i t 0 ; ;
c ) COPY=1 ; HOST=$OPTARG ; ;
g ) GENERATE=1 ; ;
∗ ) echo " Unimplemented o p t i o n chosen . "
exit 3 ;;
esac
done
shift ‘ expr $OPTIND − 1 ‘
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

37. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
echo
user@myhost : ~ $ echo $LC_ALL
en_US . UTF−8
user@myhost : ~ $ echo " $LC_ALL "
en_US . UTF−8
user@myhost : ~ $ echo ’ $LC_ALL ’
$LC_ALL
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

38. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
export et eval
$ command=echo
$ e x p o r t command
$ parameters =" d i f f e r e n t parameters "
$ e x p o r t parameters
$ e v a l $command $parameters
d i f f e r e n t parameters
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

39. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
nohup
nohup - run a command immune to hangups, with output to a
non-tty
$ nohup l s
nohup : appending o u t p u t t o ‘ nohup . out ’
$ c a t nohup . o u t
ssh−GKxbwc9627
ssh−kXMoX18526
ssh−tEcuR24939
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

40. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
read
$ read f i r s t l a s t address
Sarah C a l d w e l l 123 Main S t r e e t
$ echo " $ l a s t , $ f i r s t n$address "
C a l d w e l l , Sarah
123 Main S t r e e t
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

41. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
return
Exit the function with status n or with the exit status of the
previously executed command.
return
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

42. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
set
s e t −vx # Read each command l i n e ;
# show i t ; execute i t ;
# show i t again
# ( w i t h arguments )
s e t +x # Stop command t r a c i n g
s e t −o n o c l ob b e r # Prevent f i l e o v e r w r i t i n g
s e t +o n o c l o b b e r # Allow f i l e o v e r w r i t i n g
# again
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

43. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
shift
Shift positional arguments (e.g., 2becomes1). If n is given, shift
to the left n places. Used in while loops to iterate through
command-line arguments.
$ shift
$ shift 2
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

44. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
test - File Conditions 1/2
−b f i l e
file e x i s t s and i s a b l o c k s p e c i a l f i l e .
−c f i l e
file e x i s t s and i s a c h a r a c t e r s p e c i a l f i l e .
−d f i l e
file e x i s t s and i s a d i r e c t o r y .
−f f i l e
file e x i s t s and i s a r e g u l a r f i l e .
−g f i l e
file e x i s t s , and i t s set−group−i d b i t i s s e t .
−k f i l e
file e x i s t s , and i t s s t i c k y b i t i s s e t .
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

45. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
test - File Conditions 2/2
−p f i l e
f i l e e x i s t s and i s a named p i p e ( f i f o ) .
−r f i l e
f i l e e x i s t s and i s r e a d a b l e .
−s f i l e
f i l e e x i s t s and has a s i z e g r e a t e r than zero .
−t [ n ]
The open f i l e d e s c r i p t o r n i s a s s o c i a t e d
−u f i l e
f i l e e x i s t s , and i t s set−user−i d b i t i s s e t .
−w f i l e
f i l e e x i s t s and i s w r i t a b l e .
−x f i l e
f i l e e x i s t s and i s e x e c u t a b l e .
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

46. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
test - String Conditions
string
s t r i n g i s not n u l l .
−n s1
S t r i n g s1 has nonzero l e n g t h .
−z s1
S t r i n g s1 has zero l e n g t h .
s1 = s2
S t r i n g s s1 and s2 are i d e n t i c a l .
s1 ! = s2
S t r i n g s s1 and s2 are n o t i d e n t i c a l .
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

47. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
test - Integer Comparisons
n1 −eq n2
n1 equals n2 .
n1 −ge n2
n1 i s g r e a t e r than o r equal t o n2 .
n1 −g t n2
n1 i s g r e a t e r than n2 .
n1 −l e n2
n1 i s l e s s than o r equal t o n2 .
n1 − l t n2
n1 i s l e s s than n2 .
n1 −ne n2
n1 does n o t equal n2 .
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

48. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
test - Combined Forms
! condition
True i f c o n d i t i o n i s f a l s e .
c o n d i t i o n 1 −a c o n d i t i o n 2
True i f both c o n d i t i o n s are t r u e .
c o n d i t i o n 1 −o c o n d i t i o n 2
True i f e i t h e r c o n d i t i o n i s t r u e .
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

49. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
test - Examples
# While t h e r e are arguments . . .
w h i l e t e s t $# −g t 0
# While t h e r e are nonempty arguments . . .
w h i l e [ −n " $1 " ]
# I f $count i s l e s s than 1 0 . . .
i f [ $count − l t 10 ]
# I f t h e RCS d i r e c t o r y e x i s t s . . .
i f [ −d RCS ]
# I f t h e answer i s n o t y . . .
i f [ " $answer " ! = " y " ]
# I f t h e f i r s t argument i s n o t a
# readable f i l e or a r e g u l a r f i l e . . .
i f [ ! −r " $1 " −o ! − f " $1 " ]
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

50. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
trap
Remove a $tmp file when the shell program exits, or if the user
logs out, presses CTRL-C, or does a kill :
t r a p " rm − f $tmp ; e x i t " 0 1 2 15
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

51. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
wait
( / b i n / d f / path / n f s ) & cmdpid=$ !
t i m e o u t =10
(
sleep $timeout
echo " d f $1 check f a i l e d "
( k i l l −9 $cmdpid ) > / dev / n u l l 2>&1
) &
watchdogpid=$ !
w a i t $cmdpid
k i l l $watchdogpid >/ dev / n u l l 2>&1
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

52. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
unset
$ echo $ t o t o
$ t o t o =qsdf
$ echo $ t o t o
qsdf
$ unset t o t o
$ echo $ t o t o
$
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

53. Syntax Base
Variables Boucle
Built-in Commands Fonction
Awk, Sed et Co. Script
filename
Put filename in script to launch it
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

54. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Awk
awk ’ { p r i n t $1 } ’ a− f i l e
awk ’ { p r i n t $1 " ; " $4 } a− f i l e
awk ’ { FS = " ; " } / ^ ’ $ {HOST } ’ / { p r i n t $2 } ’ a− f i l e
awk −F ’ | ’ ’ { p r i n t $2 } ’ a− f i l e
awk ’ / [ $ {PATTERN } ] / { p r i n t $2 } ’ a− f i l e
awk ’ { i f ( $1 == t b s p ) { p r i n t $2 } } ’
t b s p =" $ {TBSP } " a− f i l e
awk ’ { FS = " : " } / ^ [ ^ # ∗ ] / { p r i n t $1 } ’ a− f i l e
awk ’ BEGIN { FS = " : " } $6 ~ / ^ / $ /
{ p r i n t " I n / : " , $1 } ’ / e t c / passwd
awk ’ $3 ~ / : / { p r i n t $1 } ’ a− f i l e
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

55. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Sed
sed ’ s / ^ / XX / g ’
sed − f $ {MEGASED} $ { f i l e }
sed " s / #ENV# / $ { env } / g "
sed ’ s / ^KO / / ; s / KO$ / / ’
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

56. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Autres 1/X
c a t << "EOF" | ssh $1 / b i n / sh −
ps −e d f −o comm, args | grep [ h ] t t p d | s o r t −u
$ {ORACLE_HOME } / b i n / s q l p l u s " / as sysdba " << EOF
s p o o l $ {ORACLE_BASE } / admin / $ { ORACLE_SID } / c r e a t e / s c o
EOF
c a t << EOF | ssh $1 / b i n / sh −
chown −R $ {ADMCTS_NAME } : $ {ADMCTS_GROUP} $ {HOMEDIR}
EOF
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

57. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Autres 2/X
expect << EOF
spawn ssh − t $1 passwd $ {ADMCTS_NAME}
expect "New Password : "
send " $ {ADMCTS_PASSWD } r "
expect " Re−e n t e r new Password : "
send " $ {ADMCTS_PASSWD } r "
expect e o f
EOF
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

58. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Autres 3/X
c a t << "EOF" | ssh $1 / b i n / bash −
SITES = / s i t e s
i f [ −d $SITES ] ; then
cd $SITES
f o r s i t e i n ∗ ; do
NB_PROC= ‘ ps −e d f | grep $ s i t e | grep −vc grep ‘
i f [ $NB_PROC −eq 0 ] ; then
echo " $ s i t e m i s s i n g "
fi
done
fi
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

59. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Autres 4/X
c a t << EOF > $ { SED_FILE }
s %172.30.47.11.∗ sapome01 . ∗ # Front −End%172.30.156.142
sapome01%
s %172.30.47.14.∗ sapome04 . ∗ # Front −End%172.30.156.144
sapome04%
EOF
c a t << EOF | ssh $1 / b i n / bash − | t e e r e p o r t / $1
echo ’ uname −a ’
uname −a
echo
EOF
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

60. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Conclusion
Conclusion
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

61. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Bibliography
UNIX in a Nutshell
Ed. O’Reilly & Associates
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh

62. Syntax
Awk
Variables
Sed
Built-in Commands
Autres
Awk, Sed et Co.
Questions
Questions ?
Nicolas Ledez Scripting with Sh