IT PROVIDE ALL INFORMATION ABOUT PLANET KEPLER

2. AT
PROJECT

3. /ACKNOWELDGEMENT/
I owe my special thanks to all the great persons whose continuous
cooperation lead this project to be successful one.
First of all we would like to grant our special thanks to our computer
sir Mr. Biswa Ranjan Mishra who helped us a lot in the completion
of this project.
We would also like to grant our special thanks to our principal sir Mr.
Duryodhan Das and our class teacher whose benign effort made this
project successful one. We also thanks all teachers who inspired us to
achieve this aim.
Nigamesh Prasad

4. Project on :
india and space research
This project has been designed by:-
NIGAMESH PRASAD
CLASS-VIII
D.A.V. PUBLIC
SCHOOL

5. INDIA MARCH TOWARDS
SPACE RESEARCH
India is one of the developing country in the world. It has
achieved many things not only in the field of art and craft
but also in the field of space research. Now- a- days the
name of india has spreaded to nook and corner of the
world. Even if the most developed country like USA have
come forward to make deal on nuclear power and
exchange ideas in aeronautics field. Space tech. has
allowed the nation of India to move into the world of high
tech. The contribution of India in the field of science and
space research is endless. In recent years India has
concentrated much of its space development work on
complex application satellites and more useful rockets.
The nations two main interests are satellites for remote
sensing and communications which are used for weather
pictures disaster warning and many other things.

6. If India is rapidly developing in space programs, all the credit
goes to the father of the Indian space program.
DR. VIKRAM SARABAI

7. SATELLITE LAUNCH LAUNCH TYPE OF
DATE VECHILE SATELLITE
Experimental / Small
Aryabhata 19.04.1975 C-1 Intercosmos Satellite
C-1 Intercosmos Earth Observation
Bhaskara-I 07.06.1979
LIST OF SATELLITES
Satellite
Rohini Technology SLV-3 Experimental / Small
10.08.1979 Satellite
Payload (RTP)
Rohini (RS-1)LAUNCHED
18.07.1980
SLV-3 Experimental / Small
Satellite
BY
SLV-3 Earth Observation
Rohini (RS-D1) 31.05.1981 Satellite
Geo-Stationary
ISRO
Ariane Passenger
Payload Experiment 19.06.1981 Ariane-1(V-3) Satellite
(APPLE)
Earth Observation
Bhaskara-II 20.11.1981 Delta 3910 PAM-D
Satellite
C-1 Intercosmos Earth Observation
INSAT-1A 10.04.1982
Satellite
SLV-3 Earth Observation
Rohini (RS-D2) 17.04.1983 Satellite

8. Geo-Stationary
INSAT-1B 30.08.1983 Shuttle [PAM-D]
Satellite
Stretched Rohini
Satellite Series 24.03.1987 ASLV Space Mission
(SROSS-1)
Earth Observation
IRS-1A 17.03.1988 Vostok
Satellite
Stretched Rohini
Earth Observation
Satellite Series 13.07.1988 ASLV
Satellite
(SROSS-2)
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-1C 21.07.1988 Ariane-3
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-1D 12.06.1990 Delta 4925
Satellite
Earth Observation
IRS-1B 29.08.1991 Vostok
Satellite
Stretched Rohini
Satellite Series 20.05.1992 ASLV Space Mission
(SROSS-C)
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-2A 10.07.1992 Ariane-44L H10
Satellite

9. Geo-Stationary
INSAT-2B 23.07.1993 Ariane-44L H10+
Satellite
Earth Observation
IRS-1E 20.09.1993 PSLV-D1
Satellite
Stretched Rohini
Satellite Series 04.05.1994 ASLV Space Mission
(SROSS-C2)
Earth Observation
IRS-P2 15.10.1994 PSLV-D2
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-2C 07.12.1995 Ariane-44L H10-3
Satellite
Earth Observation
IRS-1C 28.12.1995 Molniya
Satellite
Earth Observation
IRS-P3 21.03.1996 PSLV-D3
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-2D 04.06.1997 Ariane-44L H10-3
Satellite
Earth Observation
IRS-1D 29.09.1997 PSLV-C1
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-2DT January 1998 Ariane-44L H10

10. Geo-Stationary
INSAT-2E 03.04.1999 Ariane-42P H10-3
Satellite
Earth Observation
Oceansat(IRS-P4) 26.05.1999 PSLV-C2
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-3B 22.03.2000 Ariane-5G
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
GSAT-1 18.04.2001 GSLV-D1
Satellite
Technology
Earth Observation
Experiment Satellite 22.10.2001 PSLV-C3
Satellite
(TES)
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-3C 24.01.2002 Ariane-42L H10-3
Satellite
KALPANA- Geo-Stationary
12.09.2002 PSLV-C4
1(METSAT) Satellite
Geo-Stationary
GSAT-2 08.05.2003 GSLV-D2
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-3E 28.09.2003 Ariane-5G
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-3A 10.04.2003 Ariane-5G

11. Resourcesat-1(IRS- Earth Observation
17.10.2003 PSLV-C5
P6) Satellite
Geo-Stationary
EDUSAT (GSAT-3) 20.09.2004 GSLV-F01
Satellite
Earth Observation
CARTOSAT-1 05.05.2005 PSLV-C6
Satellite
Experimental / Small
HAMSAT 05.05.2005 PSLV-C6
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-4A 22.12.2005 Ariane-5GS
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-4C 10.07.2006 GSLV-F02
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-4CR 02.09.2007 GSLV-F04
Satellite
Experimental / Small
SRE - 1 10.01.2007 PSLV-C7
Satellite
Earth Observation
CARTOSAT - 2 10.01.2007 PSLV-C7
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
INSAT-4B 12.03.2007 Ariane-5ECA
Satellite

12. Earth Observation
IMS-1 28.04.2008 PSLV-C9 Satellite
Earth Observation
CARTOSAT - 2A 28.04.2008 PSLV-C9
Satellite
Chandrayaan-1 22.10.2008 PSLV-C11 Space Mission
Earth Observation
RISAT-2 20.04.2009 PSLV-C12
Satellite
Experimental / Small
ANUSAT 20.04.2009 PSLV-C12
Satellite
Earth Observation
Oceansat-2 23.09.2009 PSLV-C14
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
GSAT-4 15.04.2010 GSLV-D3
Satellite
Earth Observation
CARTOSAT-2B 12.07.2010 PSLV-C15
Satellite
Experimental / Small
STUDSAT 12.07.2010 PSLV-C15
Satellite
Geo-Stationary
GSAT-5P 25.12.2010 GSLV-F06
Satellite

13. Experimental / Small
YOUTHSAT 20.04.2011 PSLV-C16
Satellite
Earth Observation
RESOURCESAT-2 20.04.2011 PSLV-C16
Satellite
Ariane-5 Geo-Stationary
GSAT-8 21.05.2011
VA-202 Satellite
Geo-Stationary
GSAT-12 15.07.2011 PSLV-C17
Satellite
Earth Observation
Megha-Tropiques 12.10.2011 PSLV-C18
Satellite
Experimental / Small
SRMSat 12.10.2011 PSLV-C18
Satellite
Experimental / Small
Jugnu 12.10.2011 PSLV-C18
Satellite
Earth Observation
RISAT-1 26.04.2012 PSLV-C19
Satellite
Ariane-5 Geo-Stationary
GSAT-10 29.09.2012
VA-209 Satellite
__________________ __________________ __________________ __________________

14. Some
notable
scientists
of
India

15. Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose
(1858-1937)
Born 30 November 1858
Bikrampur, Bengal Presidency,
British India
Died 23 November 1937 (aged 78)
Girded, Bengal Presidency, British
India
Residence Kolkata, Bengal Presidency, British
India
Nationality British Indian
Fields Physics, Biophysics, Biology,
Botany, Archaeology, Bengali
Known Literature, Bengali Science Fiction
Millimetre waves Institutions
for University of Calcutta
Radio
University of Cambridge
Cresco graph Plant science
University of London
Notable Companion of the Order of the Alma St. Xavier's College, Calcutta
awards Indian Empire (CIE) (1903) mater University of Cambridge
Companion of the Order of the Star
of India (CSI) (1911) Notable Satyendra Nath Bose, Meghnad
Knight Bachelor (1917) students Saha

16. Prafulla Chandra Ray
(1861-1944)
Prafulla Chandra Ray
Born August 2 , 1861
Raruli, Khulna,Bengal
Presidency(Present
day Bangladesh) British Raj
Died
June 16, 1944
Calcutta
Nationa
lity British Indian
Alma
mater Metropolitan Institution
Presidency College
Edinburgh University

17. Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887-1920)
Born 22 December 1888
Erode, Madras Presidency
Died 26 April 1920 (aged 32)
Chetput, Madras, Madras
Presidency
Residence Kumbakonam
Nationality Indian
Fields Mathematics
Alma mater Government Arts College
Pachaiyappa's College
Academic G. H. Hardy
Influence advisors J. E. Littlewood
s Known for Landau–Ramanujan constant
G. H. Hardy Mock theta functions
Ramanujan conjecture
Ramanujan prime
Ramanujan–Soldner constant
Ramanujan theta function
Signature
Ramanujan's sum
Rogers–Ramanujan identities
Ramanujan's master theorem

18. Sir C. V. Raman (1888-1970)
Born 7 November 1888
Thiruvanaikoil, Tiruchirappalli,
Madras Province, British India
Died 21 November 1970 (aged 82)
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Nationalit
Indian
y
Fields Physics
Institutio Indian Finance Department[1]
ns University of Calcutta
Indian Association for the
Cultivation of Science
Indian Institute of Science
Central College, Bangalore
University
Raman Research Institute
Notable awards Alma
Knight Bachelor (1929) University of Madras
mater
Nobel Prize in
Physics (1930) Doctoral G. N. Ramachandran
Bharat Ratna (1954) students Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai
Lenin Peace Prize (1957) Known for Raman effect

19. Meghnad Saha
(1893-1956)
Born 6 October 1893
Shaoratoli, Dhaka, Bengal, Bri
tish India
Died 16 February 1956 (aged 62)
Residence India
Nationality Indian
Fields Physics and Mathematics
Institutions
Allahabad University
University of Calcutta
Imperial College London
Indian Association for the
Cultivation of Scince
Alma mater Dhaka College
University of Calcutta
Known for Thermal ionisation
Saha ionization equation

20. Satyendra Nath Bose
(1894-1974)
Born 1 January 1894
Calcutta, India (now Kolka
ta)
Died 4 February
1974 (aged 80)
Calcutta, India
Residence India
Nationality Indian
Fields Physics and Mathematics
Institutions University of Calcutta
Alma mater University of Calcutta
Known for Bose–Einstein
condensate
Bose–Einstein statistics
Bose gas
Notable Padma Vibhushan
awards Fellow of the Royal
Society[1]

21. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar
(1894-1955)
Born 21 February 1894
Shahpur, British India
Died 1 January 1955 (aged 60)
New Delhi, India
Residence
India
Citizenship
India
Nationality
Doctoral Indian
advisor Frederick G. Donnan
Fields Chemistry
Known for Institutions Council of Scientific and
CSIR India
Industrial Research
Banaras Hindu University
Notable Padma Bhushan (1954)
awards Knighthood (1941) Alma mater University of the Punjab
OBE (1936 University College London

22. Homi Jehangir Bhabha
(1909-1966)
Born 30 October 1909
Bombay, British India,
Present-day India
Died 24 January 1966(aged 56)
Mont Blanc, France
Residence New Delhi, India
Citizenship India
Alma Elphinstone College
mater Royal Institute of Science Nationality Indian
University of Cambridge Fields Nuclear Physics
Doctoral Institutions Atomic Energy Commission
Ralph H. Fowler
advisor of India
Other Tata Institute of
academic Paul Dirac Fundamental Research
advisors Cavendish Laboratory
Indian Institute of Science
Known for Indian nuclear programme Trombay Atomic Energy
Cosmic Rays Establishment
point particles
Alma mater Elphinstone College
Notable Royal Institute of Science
Padma Bhushan (1954)
awards University of Cambridge

23. Subramaniam Chandrasekhar
(1910-1995)
Born October 19, 1910
Lahore, British India
Died August 21, 1995 (aged 84)
Chicago, Illinois, United
States
Residence United States
Citizenship India (1910–1953)
United States (1953–1995)
Doctoral Donald Edward Osterbrock,Roland Fields Astrophysics
students Winston, F. Paul Esposito
Institutions University of Chicago
Known for University of Cambridge
Chandrasekhar limit
Alma mater Presidency College, Madras
Notable Nobel Prize in Physics (1983) Trinity College, Cambridge
awards Copley Medal (1984)
Doctoral
National Medal of Science (1966) R.H. Fowler
advisor
Padma Vibhushan (1968)

24. Vikram Sarabhai (1919-1971)
Born 12 August 1919[1][2]
Ahmedabad, India
Died 30 December 1971 (aged 52)
Halcyon
Castle, Kovalam inThiruvana
nthapuram, Kerala, India
Residence
India
Nationality
Indian
Fields Physics
Known for Indian space program
Institutions Indian Space Research
Indian Institute of Management
Ahmedabad Organisation
Physical Research Laboratory
Notable Padma Bhushan (1966) Alma mater
awards Padma Vibhushan(posthumously) University of Cambridge
(1972)
Doctoral
Spouse advisor Sir C. V. Raman
Mrinalini Sarabhai

25. C. R. Rao (1920 - )
Born 10 September
1920 (age 92)Hadagali,
Kingdom of Mysore,
British India
Residence India, United
Kingdom, United States
Citizenship United States[1]
Fields Mathematics and Statistics
Institutions Indian Statistical Institute
Cambridge University
Penn State University
University at Buffalo, The
State University of New
York
Alma mater Andhra University
University of Calcutta
King's College, Cambridge
Doctoral
Ronald Fisher
advisor
Doctoral V. S. Varadarajan
students S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan

26. K. Chandrasekharan (1920 -)
Born
November 21,
1920 (age 91),Madras
Fields
Number theory
Institutions
TIFR, Eidgenössische
Technische Hochschule
Zürich
Alma mater
Madras University
Doctoral
advisor
K. Ananda Rao

27. Har Gobind Khorana
(1922 -2011 )
Born January 9, 1922
Raipur, Punjab British
India (now part of Pakistan)
Died November 9,
2011 (aged 89)
Concord, Massachusetts,U.S
Residence India/Pakistan, United
States,United Kingdom
Citizenship United States[1]
Fields Molecular biology
Notable Nobel Prize in
awards Medicine (1968),Gairdner
Institutions MIT (1970–2007) Foundation International
University of Wisconsin, Award, Louisa Gross Horwitz
Madison(1960–70) Prize, Albert Lasker Award for
University of British Columbia(1952– Basic Medical Research, Padma
60) Vibhushan
Cambridge University (1950–52)
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Alma University of the Punjab
Zurich (1948–49) mater University of Liverpool

28. G. N. Ramachandran
(1922-2001)
Born 8 October 1922
Madras, Madras
Presidency,British India
Died 7 April 2001 (aged 78)
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Nationalit
Indian
y
Fields Biophysics
Institutio Indian Institute of Science
ns Cavendish Laboratory
Alma Madras University
mater University of Cambridge
Doctoral
advisor C V Raman
Known for
Ramachandran plot

29. Harish Chandra (1923-1983)
Born 11 October 1923
Kanpur, British India
Died 16 October
1983 (aged 60)
Princeton, New
Jersey, United States
Residence United States
Citizenship United States[1]
Fields Mathematics, Physics
Institutions
Indian Institute of Science
Notable awards
Harvard University
Columbia University
Fellow of the Royal Tata Institute of
Society[2] Fundamental Research
Cole Prize Institute for Advanced
Srinivasa Ramanujan Study
Medal
Alma mater University of Allahabad
University of Cambridge

30. M. K. Vainu Bappu
(1927-1982)
Honorary
Belgium Academy of
Foreign
Sciences[1]
Fellow
Honorary American Astronomical
Member Society[1]
Vice- International Astronomical
President Union (1967–73)[1]
International Astronomical
President
Union (1979)[1]

32. IMS-1
AT A GLANCE
Launch Date -28.04.2008
IMS-1, previously referred to as TWSat (Third
World Satellite), is a low-cost microsatellite
imaging mission of ISRO (Indian Space
Research Organization).
INDIAN MICRO SATELLITE (IMS-1) has been
launched as co-passenger along with Cartosat-
2A on 28-Apr-2008 onboard PSLV-C9. The micro
satellite bus IMS-1 provides 3- axis stabilization
with a mission life of 2 years.

33. Orbit Polar Sun Synchronous
Altitude 635 km
Life 2 years
Physical Dimensions 0.604x0.980x1.129 m
Mass 83 kg
Two deployable sun pointing solar panels
Power generating 220 W power, 105 Ah Lithium ion
battery
Telemetry, Tracking
S-band
and Command
Star Sensor,
Altitude and Orbit Miniature Sun Sensors, Magnetometers Gyros,
Control System Miniature Micro Reaction Wheels,
Magnetic Torques, single 1 N Hydrazine Thruster
Data Handling S-band
Data Storage 16 Gb Solid State Recorder

34. All about ims-1
INDIAN MICRO SATELLITE (IMS-1) has been launched as co-
passenger along with Cartosat-2A on 28-Apr-2008 onboard PSLV-C9.
The micro satellite bus IMS-1 provides 3- axis stabilization with a
mission life of 2 years.
IMS-1 is the first satellite in the micro satellite series
envisaged to provide satellite platform within 100 kg
class of payloads for earth images, space science,
atmosphere, ocean studies etc. It carries two payloads
viz., Four Band Multi Spectral CCD Camera (MxT) &
Hyper Spectral Imager (HySi-T). The spacecraft is
designed such that payload will be earth pointing during
imaging operations and solar panels will be sun pointing
during nonimaging periods for maximum power
generation. The Hyper-spectral imager first flown
onboard IMS-1 to evaluate and validate the payload is
similar to the one flown in Chandrayaan-1 mission.

35. Payloads
The Multi-spectral CCD camera is a 4- Band
camera with ground resolution of 37 meters and
swath of 151 Km enabling real time imaging and
its data reception in near real time and data
product generation by the users. The payload can
be used for the purpose of natural resources
management like agriculture, forest coverage,
land use as well as disaster management. The
four spectral bands B1, B2 and B3 can be used for
generating Natural Colour Composite Data
Products and bands B2, B3, and B4 are used for
False Colour Composite Data Products. These
bands are selected keeping in mind the
application of natural resource management.

36. Hyper Spectral Imager (HySi-T) is one of
the two onboard imaging payloads. It is an
imager for ocean and atmosphere study of
earth surface in large number of bands
with high spectral resolution. The
instrument shall have 64 bands in the
spectral zone from 400 nm to 950nm. The
imager using specific optics will collect
and focus the solar reflection from the
earth’s surface on to an area detector. The
collecting optics for HySI-T is a
multielement lens assembly with a thermal
filter at the front.

37. Rise
of
a
new
dawn

38. Some pictures of ims

41. kepler 22b
Kepler-22b is an extra solar planet orbiting G-type star Kepler-
22.It is located 600 light years away from Earth in the
constellation of Cygnus. It was discovered by NASA's Kepler
Space Telescope and is the first known transiting planet to
orbit within the habitable zone of a Sun-like star. Discovery
and observation. The planet's first transit in front of its host
star was observed on Kepler's third day of scientific
operations, 12 May 2009. The third transit was detected in
late 2010. Additional confirmation data was provided by
the Spitzer Space Telescope and ground-based observations.
On December 5, 2011, the confirmation of the existence of
Kepler-22b was announced.

42. Special images by IMS-1

43. Physical characteristics
Kepler-22b's radius is roughly 2.4 times the radius of Earth. Its mass and
surface composition remain unknown, with only some very rough estimates
established: it has less than 124 Earth masses at the 3-sigma confidence limit,
and less than 36 Earth masses at 1-sigma confidence. The Habitable
Exoplanets Catalog gives a mass estimate of 6.36 Earth masses (and a radius
of just 2.10 Earth radii) for the planet as of October 2012,after initially
estimating it at ~10-35 Earth masses.
Kepler-22b might be an "ocean-like" world. It might also be comparable to the
water-rich planet GJ 1214 b although Kepler-22b, unlike GJ 1214 b, is in the
habitable zone. An Earth-like composition is ruled out to at least 1-sigma
uncertainty by radial velocity measurements of the system.It is thus likely to
have a more volatile-rich composition with a liquid or gaseous outer
shell; this would make it similar to Kepler-11f, the smallest known gas
planet.
"If it is mostly ocean with a small rocky core," Natalie Batalha, one of the
scientists on the project, speculated, "it's not beyond the realm of possibility
that life could exist in such an ocean."This possibility of life has
spurred SETI to perform research on top candidates for extraterrestrial
intelligence. However, if the planet's carbon cycle has ceased due to lack of
oceans and plate tectonics, Kepler-22b may turn out to be a searing, sterile
super-Venus.

44. My destination

45. DESCRIPTION
According to our introduction, We would
send satellites to the planet Kepler.
One main satellites and 7 extra
satellites would be sent to Kepler
which would remain connected with the
main sattelite. The main satellite on
high altitude and the remaining 7 would
move over its surface to study the
thickness of the and depth of water.
Among those 7 satellites, one would
examine all the gases present in the
atmosphere of Kepler 22b.

46. If NASA’S project named :
GRAVITY RECOVERY
will be modified soon then it would be
sent with our satellites then we would
be able to check the gravity of the
planet Kepler. It would be only
possible if they grant us thier kind help.

47. Nothing
is
impossible

48. Some may have only heard about it while some
would not have heard about the term
neutrino. In this satellite I’m going to use
neutrino as a propellant in my self designed
space craft. Neutrino is an electrically
neutral, weakly interacting elementary
subatomic particle with half-integer
spin.The neutrino (meaning "small neutral
one" in Italian) is denoted by the Greek letter
ν (nu). All evidence suggests that neutrinos
have mass but that their mass is tiny even by
the standards of subatomic particles. Their
mass has never been measured accurately.

49. How to obtain neutrino?
In 1942 Wang Ganchang first proposed the use of beta-capture to
experimentally detect neutrinos. In the July 20, 1956 issue
of Science, Clyde Cowan, Frederick Reines, F. B. Harrison, H. W.
Kruse, and A. D. McGuire published confirmation that they had
detected the neutrino, a result that was rewarded almost forty
years later with the 1995 Nobel Prize.
In this experiment, now known as the Cowan–Reines neutrino
experiment, antineutrinos created in a nuclear reactor by beta
decay reacted with protons producing neutrons and positrons:
ν
e + p+ → n0 + e+
The positron quickly finds an electron, and they annihilate each
other. The two resulting gamma rays (γ) are detectable. The
neutron can be detected by its capture on an appropriate nucleus,
releasing a gamma ray. The coincidence of both events – positron
annihilation and neutron capture – gives a unique signature of an
antineutrino interaction.

50. PLZ HAVE A GLANCE AGAIN