Muscles

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Outlines some basic structure and functioning of muscles during contraction

Muscles

Muscle Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mechanism of muscle contraction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Sliding Filament Theory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What makes the filaments slide past each other? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Repetition of the cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Cross Bridge Cycle

[object Object]

2. The ATP molecule is then hydrolysed while the myosin head is unattached. The ADP & Pi formed remain bound to the myosin head.

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object]

Control of Muscle Contraction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tropomyosin, Ca 2+ & ATP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Neuromuscular junction: Note Ach = Acetylcholine

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Sequence of events ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sequence of events ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Striated muscle contracts to move limbs and maintain posture. The contraction of skeletal muscles is an energy-requiring process. In order to perform the mechanical work of contraction, actin and myosin utilize the chemical energy of the molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).Muscle contraction results from a chain of events that begins with a nerve impulse traveling in the upper motor neuron from the cerebral cortex in the brain to the spinal cord.When the signal to contract is sent along a nerve to the muscle, the actin and myosin are activated. Myosin works as a motor, hydrolyzing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to release energy in such a way that a myosin filament moves along an actin… Excitation–Contraction Coupling Excitation–contraction coupling is the link (transduction) between the action potential generated in the sarcolemma and the start of a muscle contraction. Sliding Filament Model of Contraction For a muscle cell to contract, the sarcomere must shorten. However, thick and thin filaments—the components of sarcomeres—do not shorten. Instead, they slide by one another, causing the sarcomere to shorten while the filaments remain the same length. The sliding filament theory of muscle contraction was developed to fit the differences observed in the named bands on the sarcomere at different degrees of muscle contraction and relaxation. The mechanism of contraction is the binding of myosin to actin, forming cross-bridges that generate filament movement

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Muscles

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10. The Cross Bridge Cycle

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12. 2. The ATP molecule is then hydrolysed while the myosin head is unattached. The ADP & Pi formed remain bound to the myosin head.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18. Neuromuscular junction: Note Ach = Acetylcholine

19. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

20.

21.