1) Social guidance aims to help students develop social skills and qualities to enable them to adapt to their environment and contribute to society. 2) Psychological guidance uses psychological principles to promote well-being, mental health, and positive development for individuals, families, groups and communities. 3) Both social and psychological guidance address issues like health, emotional adjustment, social adjustment, and help developing values and philosophy of life. They provide strategies and assistance for dealing with social and personal problems.

1. Social & psychological guidance
B.Ed2nd year (4th SEM.)

2. Social Guidance- Introduction
If the social needs of the students are not properly
fulfilled, they become socially maladjusted of the
adolescent, proper nurturing of social qualities by
parents, teachers, peers & elders in the society is to
be done. Educational aims to train the students to
become efficient members of the society.
MEANING-Social guidance is the assistance given to
students to develop a variety of social characteristics
such as values, life philosophy, interpersonal
relationships etc, in order to enable them to adapt
themselves to their environment & make contributions
towards its growth & development.

3. Objective of Social guidance
• To provide assistance to students in social adjustment.
• Help in maintaining good health & habits.
• Help in planning for leisure time activities.
• Help in planning for future social life.
• Provide assistance in improving interpersonal
relationship.
• Help students in understanding their rights & obligations
to the society.
• Help developing desirable attitudes & values toward life
& society.
• Assist in acquiring desirable set of values & develop
positive philosophy of life

4. Need for social guidance
• Need for success in interpersonal relationships.
• Need for group status.
• Need for self- development.
• Need to adjust to social change.
• Emerging social justice. Some of the social problems
are:-
-inferiority complex
-over dependency
-social outbursts
-antisocial behaviour.

5. Procedure of guidance
• Environmental assessment.
• Need assessment.
• Priority defined.
• Objective formation.
• Resource determination.
• Strategies identification.
• Program execution.
• Program evaluation.

6. Causes of social problems
• Physical & mental disability.
• Feeling of insecurity & desire for group status.
• Confusion about the meaning of life.
• Social discrimination.
• Misunderstandings or unfair treatment.
• Growing complexity in the environment.
• Parental difference.
• Poverty.
• Social adjustment is also linked with the adolescents’
home & social maladjustment.

7. Strategies of social guidance
• Improvement of school climate.
• Inculcate a philosophy of life among the students.
• Provision of activities according to the interests of the
students.
• Sensitivity training method.
• Glasser developed a strategy known as classroom
meeting model for solving social problems of students.
The objectives of the programme were to reduce
loneliness in the students & to promote self-identity in
students.

8. Psychological guidance
Introduction- psychological studies the human mind &
behavior. Studying psychology provides students
with a comprehensive understanding of behavior &
mental processes. Psychologists are experts in
human behavior & emotion, with practical skills &
research skills that can be applied to a wide variety of
fields which include:-
• Health
• Education
• Management

10. •In psychological guidance psychological
principles are used to enhance & promote the
positive growth, well being & mental health of
individuals, families, groups & the broader
community.
•Psychological guidance includes the personal,
psychological principles are used to enhance
relationship which a person develops within
himself.
•Paterson has included social, emotional & leisure
time guidance in personal guidance. In fact, the
problems regarding health, emotional
adjustment, social adjustment & leisure &
recreational problems are included in personal
solution.
•The problems which can’t be included

11. Definitions of psychological guidance
• Accordingto Hopkins “psychological guidance is that guidance
which is concerned with the problems of health,
emotional adjustments & social adjustment of an
individual. It also includes his recreation & leisure-time
problems”.
• Accordingto wilson “the purpose of psychological guidance is
to help the individual in his physical, emotional, social,
moral & spiritual developments & adjustment”
• Accordingto crow& crow “ opines that, “ psychological guidance
refers to help given an individual toward a better
adjustment in the development of attitudes & behavior in
all areas of life”.

12. Objectives of psychological guidance
• To assist the pupils to realize that it is natural to
experience periods of turmoil.
• To assist him to enter into mental activity with renewed
interest & vigour as he attains maturity.
• To help him to overcome the awkward years of physical
development.
• To encourage him to continue the health, safety &
physical education activities.
• To help him to move gradually from dependence on
others towards independence of judgment & action.
• To help him to develop control over his emotions.

13. Needof psychological guidance
• To live with ‘thorns’.
• Emotional problems.
• Health problems.
• Social development.
• Idealistic & unrealistic expectation
• Sex education.
• Value conflicts.
• Utilization of leisure time-dancing, reading books etc.
• School factors- lack of interest in school, fear of failing,
inability to get along with the teacher or peer group,
feeling neglected etc.

14. Scope of psychological guidance
• Problems concerning physical & mental health.
• Family & school problems.
• Vocational, economic & religious problems.
• Personality problems as shyness, conceit, carelessness
etc.
• Marital & sexual problems.
• Values, ideals.
• Food habits.
• Friends, playmates.
• Leisure time activities.
• Anti-social tendencies.

15. Process of psychological guidance
• Collection of all the information or data.
• Diagnosis of the causes of the problems.
• Thinking about the remedial measures.
• Rendering personal & psychological guidance.
• Follow up service.
• Strategies of psychological guidance-
• Cooperative counseling.
• Stress reduction model.

16. conclusion
• Social guidance is the assistance given to students to
develop a variety of social characteristics such as
values, life philosophy interpersonal relationship etc, in
order to enable them to adapt themselves to their
environment & make contributions towards its growth &
development. Being part of the society, people also
have to learn coping strategies to tackle the problems
they may face from time to time. Some personal issues,
when they start affecting the society become social
issues where the need for social guidance emerges.
Hence, social guidance is needed firstly to prevent
problems from emerging & secondly to deal with the
problems if they emerge. Various strategies used for
this purpose.

17. •Psychological guidance includes the
personal, psychological or emotional
relationship which a person develops within
himself. Paterson has included social,
emotional & leisure time guidance in personal
guidance. In fact, the problems regarding
health, emotional adjustment, leisure &
recreational problems are included in
personal solutions. The problems which can
not be included in educational & vocational
guidance, we can include them in
psychological guidance.