2. Introduction
CDC is the leading national public health institute of the United
States.
It is a federal agency under the Department of Health and Human
Services and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.
3. Center for Disease Control and Prevention
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is a federal
agency that conducts and supports health promotion, prevention
and preparedness activities in the US with the goal of improving
overall public health.
Established in 1946 and based in Atlanta, the CDC is managed by
the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
The CDC works with partners at the local, state and national level
to:
monitor and prevent disease outbreaks
implement disease prevention strategies
and maintain national health statistics.
4. Goals/aims.
Its main goal is to protect public health and safety through the control and
prevention of disease, injury, and disability.
It especially focuses on:
infectious disease
food borne pathogens
environmental health
occupational safety and health
health promotion
injury prevention
educational activities to improve the health of citizens.
In addition, the CDC researches and provides information on non-
infectious diseases such as obesity and diabetes
5. ORGANIZATION
The CDC is organized into "Centers, Institutes, and Offices" (CIOs) which
allow it to be responsive and effective in public health concerns.
Each organizational unit implements the agency's response in a
particular area of expertise.
Within "Offices" are Centers, Divisions, and Branches.
Some examples of CIOs are
CDC Washington Office
Center for Global Health
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Office for State, Tribal, Local and Territorial Support
Office of Equal Employment Opportunity
Office of Infectious Diseases
6. Diseases with which CDC is involved
1. Influenza:
The CDC has launched campaigns targeting the transmission
of influenza, including the H1N1 swine flu.
The CDC has launched websites including [flu.gov] to educate
people in proper hygiene.
7. 2. Other infectious diseases:
The CDC's website has information on other infectious diseases,
including smallpox, measles, and others. The CDC runs a program
that protects the public from rare and dangerous substances such
as anthrax and the Ebola virus.
The program, called the Select Agents Program, calls for
inspections of labs in the U.S. that work with dangerous pathogens.
8. 3.Non-infectious diseases
The CDC also works on non-infectious diseases, including chronic
diseases caused by obesity, physical inactivity and tobacco-use
4.Antibiotic resistance
The CDC implemented their National Action Plan for Combating
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria as a measure against the spread of
antibiotic resistance in the United States.
9. GLOBAL HEALTH
The CDC partners with many international organizations such as
the World Health Organization (WHO) and global divisions include:
Division of Global HIV & TB (DGHT), Division of Parasitic Diseases
and Malaria (DPDM), Division of Global Health Protection (DGHP),
and Global Immunization Division (GID).
The CDC is integral in working with WHO in establishing the
International Health Regulations (IHR), that is binding on 194
member countries, through the Global Disease Detection Program
(GDD) and the WHO and CDC Global Surveillance Systems.[23]
10. CDC in Pakistan
CDC works with several key public health institutions in Pakistan to
strengthen capacity and infrastructure for key public health issues,
including:
workforce development
hepatitis surveillance
polio eradication.
CDC also has strong partnerships with Aga Khan University to do
research in the areas of vaccinations and neonatal infections.
11. CDC enhances Pakistan’s capacity to design, implement, and
evaluate comprehensive tobacco control policy interventions
through the Global Tobacco Surveillance System (GTSS).
GTSS supports 3 surveys in Pakistan:
one for youth,
one for health professionals,
and one for school personnel.
Survey data is used for tobacco control policies, which ultimately
can impact other health outcomes.
12. CDC has several projects related to bacterial diseases in
Pakistan:
Demonstrating the impact of Hib vaccine in preventing meningitis and
pneumonia among young children in selected districts of Pakistan.
Determining the bacterial and viral causes of neonatal infections.
Supporting surveillance for the detection and characterization of agents
of invasive bacterial vaccine-preventable diseases to provide data,
enabling Government of Pakistan to make informed decisions
regarding vaccination
