Augmented reality is the result of using technology to superimpose information — sounds, images, and text — on the world we see.

1. AUGMENTED
REALITY
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2. Augmented reality is the result of
using technology to superimpose
information — sounds, images and
text — on the world we see. Picture
the "Minority Report" or "Iron Man"
style of interactivity.
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5. What is Augmented Reality?
• A combination of a real scene viewed by a
user and a virtual scene generated by a
computer that augments the scene with
additional information.
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7. • Augmented reality (AR) is one of the biggest
technology trends right now, and it’s only
going to get bigger as AR ready smartphones
and other devices become more accessible
around the world.
• AR let us see the real-life environment right in
front of us—trees swaying in the park, dogs
chasing balls, kids playing soccer—with a
digital augmentation overlaid on it.
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9. • Perhaps the most famous example of AR
technology is the mobile app Pokemon Go,
which was released in 2016 and quickly
became an inescapable sensation.
• In the game, players locate and capture
Pokemon characters that pop up in the real
world—on your sidewalk, in a fountain, even
in your own bathroom.
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11. • The ultimate goal of AR is to create a system
such that a user CANNOT tell the difference
between the real world and the virtual
augmentation of it.
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15. History
• In 1968, a Harvard professor and computer
scientist by the name of Ivan Sutherland
invented what he called The Sword of
Damocles. He invented this first sort of
augmented reality device with his student,
Bob Sproull.
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16. • The Sword of Damocles featured a head-mounted
display that hung from the ceiling. The user
would experience computer graphics, which
made him or her feel as though they were in an
alternate reality. This technology may be
considered closer to virtual reality than
augmented reality.
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17. • Augmented reality is often
presented as a kind of futuristic
technology, but a form of it has
been around for years.
• For example, the heads-up
displays in many fighter aircraft
as far back as the 1990s would
show information about the
attitude, direction and speed of
the plane, and only a few years
later they could show which
objects in the field of view were
targets.
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19. • In 1992, Louis Rosenburg from the USAF
Armstrong’s Research Lab created the first real
operational augmented reality system, Virtual
Fixtures. A robotic system places information on
top the workers work environment to help with
efficiency. This system could be thought of as an
early version of what most AR systems currently
do today.
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20. In 1998, Sportsvision uses the
1st and Ten line computer
system. This system showed
the original virtual yellow first
down marker during a live
NFL game. A variation of this
virtual first down marker is
now a norm in all televised
football games today and is a
big part of the augmented
reality history. 20Mustufa Sir

21. • An important advancement
in the augmented reality
technology happened in
2000 when Hirokazu Kato
from the Nara Institute of
Science and Technology in
Japan created and released
software called ARToolKit.
• Through this software, one
could capture real-world
actions and combine it with
interactions of virtual
objects.
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22. • In 2003, the NFL
used the popular
Skycam, which
was used for
aerial views of the
field to insert the
virtual first down
marker.
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23. • In 2009, Esquire magazine, in collaboration with
Robert Downey Jr., uses augmented reality in
their print media. By using their software on
one’s computer to scan the barcode on the
magazine, the readers can experience augmented
reality content.
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24. • In 2013, Volkswagen
uses augmented
reality as their car
manuals. The use of
the MARTA
app through the iPad
can help users view
the internal workings
of the vehicle so the
service mechanics
know what they are
dealing with.
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25. • In 2014, the Google Glass is
revealed and is made
available for consumers.
The Google Glass wasn’t as
successful as developers
hoped it would be, but it
did show the potential of
what wearable augmented
reality could be. The second
iteration already seems to
be more promising and
more useful.
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26. • In 2016, Microsoft introduces the next
iteration of wearable augmented reality.
The HoloLens seems to be everything that
the Google glass wanted to be, but
certainly not as discreet and wearable in
everyday life and is undoubtedly more
expensive.
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27. THE SCIENCE OF AUGMENTED REALITY
It takes some sophisticated
technology to create
Augmented Reality (AR)
experiences. How does
Augmented Reality work? It all
comes down to location,
location, location (and
identification, identification,
identification).
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28. • For AR a certain range of data (images,
animations, videos, 3D models) may be used
and people will see the result in both natural
and synthetic light.
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29. • AR can be displayed on various devices:
screens, glasses, handheld devices, mobile
phones, head-mounted displays. It involves
technologies like S.L.A.M., depth
tracking (briefly, a sensor data calculating the
distance to the objects)
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32. Components behind AR
• Cameras and sensors. Collecting data about
user’s interactions and sending it for
processing. Cameras on devices are scanning
the surroundings and with this info, a device
locates physical objects and generates 3D
models. It may be special duty cameras, like
in Microsoft Hololens, or common
smartphone cameras to take pictures/videos.
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35. • Processing. AR devices eventually should act
like little computers, something modern
smartphones already do. In the same manner,
they require a CPU, a GPU, flash memory,
RAM, Bluetooth/WiFi, a GPS, etc. to be able to
measure speed, angle, direction, orientation
in space, and so on.
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39. • Projection. This refers to a miniature projector
on AR headsets, which takes data from
sensors and projects digital content (result of
processing) onto a surface to view. In fact, the
use of projections in AR has not been fully
invented yet to use it in commercial products
or services.
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41. • Reflection. Some AR devices have mirrors to
assist human eyes to view virtual images.
Some have an “array of small curved mirrors”
and some have a double-sided mirror to
reflect light to a camera and to a user’s eye.
The goal of such reflection paths is to perform
a proper image alignment.
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43. Types of Augmented Reality
1. Marker-based AR. Some also call it to image
recognition, as it requires a special visual
object and a camera to scan it. It may be
anything, from a printed QR code to special
signs. The AR device also calculates the
position and orientation of a marker to
position the content, in some cases. Thus, a
marker initiates digital animations for users to
view, and so images in a magazine may turn
into 3D models.
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46. 2. Markerless AR. A.k.a. location-based or position-
based augmented reality, that utilizes a GPS, a
compass, a gyroscope, and an accelerometer to
provide data based on user’s location. This data
then determines what AR content you find or get
in a certain area. With the availability of
smartphones this type of AR typically produces
maps and directions, nearby businesses info.
Applications include events and
information, business ads pop-ups, navigation
support.
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49. 3. Projection-based AR. Projecting synthetic
light to physical surfaces, and in some cases
allows to interact with it. These are the
holograms we have all seen in sci-fi movies
like Star Wars. It detects user interaction with
a projection by its alterations.
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53. 4. Superimposition-based AR. Replaces the
original view with an augmented, fully or
partially. Object recognition plays a key role,
without it the whole concept is simply
impossible. We’ve all seen the example of
superimposed augmented reality in IKEA
Catalog app, that allows users to place virtual
items of their furniture catalog in their rooms.
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56. Understanding the different types of
AR devices
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57. Head up displays (HUD)
• As the onboard controllers on flights became more
complex, the information processing tasks for pilots
increased with added number of sensors, avionics
and flight controls.
• It is important for pilots to focus on what is
happening outside rather than looking at the array
of information inside the cockpit.
• Heads up displays were mainly invented for mission
critical applications like flight controllers and
weapons system dashboards.
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59. • Critical information is projected on transparent
screens mounted in front of the pilot. This
enables pilots to look forward outside rather than
looking down inside the cockpit.
• A regular HUD contains three main components;
a projector unit, a viewing glass (combiner) and a
computer (symbol generator).
• HUDs help increase situational awareness by
reducing the shift of focus for pilots. Increasingly
heads up displays have been finding ways into
new automobile designs.
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60. Holographic displays
• Popularized in the Star wars series, and the
Iron man series in the recent times, these type
of displays use light diffraction to generate
three dimensional forms of objects in real
space.
• The fact that holographic displays do not
require users to wear any gear to view them is
one of their greatest advantages.
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62. Smart glasses
• As the technology transitioned from critical
applications in defense and aviation to
commercially available products, smart glasses
have become one of the more popular types
of augmented reality devices. Like their name
suggests, these are glasses that augment your
vision. Smart glasses are of two types:
– Optical see through
– Video see through
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63. Optical see through
In Optical see through glasses, the user views
reality directly through optical elements such
as holographic wave guides and other systems
that enable graphical overlay on the real
world. Microsoft’s Hololens, Magic Leap One
and the Google Glass are recent examples of
optical see through smart glasses.
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65. Video see through
With these type of smart glasses, the user views
reality that is first captured by one or two
cameras mounted on the display. These camera
views are then combined with computer
generated imagery for the user to see. The HTC
Vive VR headset has an inbuilt camera which is
often used for creating AR experiences on the
device.
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68. Handheld AR
• Although handheld AR is a type of video see
through, it deserves special mention.
• The rise of handheld AR is the tipping point for
the technology being truly pervasive.
• Augmented reality libraries like ARKit, ARCore,
MRKit, have enabled sophisticated computer
vision algorithms to be available for anyone to
use.
• In handheld or mobile AR, all you need is a
smartphone to have access to a host of AR
experiences.
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70. What Is The
Difference Between
Virtual Reality,
Augmented Reality
And Mixed Reality?
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71. What Is Virtual Reality?
• VR is experiencing things that don’t really exist
with the help of computers.
• VR creates a realistic three-dimensional
environment which humans perceive as real.
Imagine opening your eyes and seeing a
computer-generated world all around you,
one where you can move and interact with
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72. It basically refers to computer-generated environments that are designed to
replicate a person’s physical presence in a specific environment that is
designed to “feel” real.
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73. How To Experience Virtual Reality
• To experience this alternate reality, VR
headsets are mandatory. Most VR headsets
are connected to a computer, a gaming
console or are standalone devices. Most
standalone VR headsets like Google Cardboard
work with smartphones.
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75. What Is Augmented Reality?
• Unlike virtual reality which requires a headset to
experience the digital world, augmented reality uses
your existing environment and overlays digital
information on top of it. Have you ever used Snapchat
or Instagram face filters? Have you played one of the
most popular games of 2016, the Pokemon Go? Simply
put, that’s AR.
• iPhone X showcased the power of AR with the now
popular animojis, where emojis respond to facial
expressions via the camera, to animate various 3D
animated characters that can be sent as a video file
with sound.
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77. How To Experience Augmented Reality
• AR is the most accessible reality technology as of now. You
can use your smartphone or tablet to run AR apps.
• The apps use a smartphone camera to capture the real
world environment, virtual objects are then overlain with
new information or graphics, and users can then see them
on their smartphones.
• You can also use smart glasses or headsets to experience
AR.
• Unlike VR headsets, AR glasses and headsets don’t immerse
users into a fully virtual world, instead, they just add virtual
images, animation to the real world environment.
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79. Even Google Lens and Samsung Bixby use computer vision and
machine learning to provide digital information from your
smartphone camera.
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80. What Is Mixed Reality?
• Mixed Reality is a combination of sensors,
super advanced optics and next-generation
computer power. Remember the scene from
the blockbuster movie Avengers: Infinity War,
where James Rhodes (Don Cheadle) is having
a conversation with US officials who were not
physically present there? That’s MR for you.
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82. How To Experience Mixed Reality
• You can experience mixed reality with
holographic devices which scan the user’s
environment and places a 3D object in front of
them, which they can then view from different
angles. That’s how Microsoft’s HoloLens works. It
has built-in Windows 10 computer, lenses,
rechargeable battery and WiFi connectivity, so it
is completely wireless when in use. It also
includes built-in sensors that track the movement
of the users.
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84. MR can also be experienced with the help of immersive devices which have
an opaque display that creates a sense of presence — hiding the real world
and replacing it with a digital experience.
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85. Possible Application of
Augmented Reality
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86. • In 2011, Airbus deployed its Supply
Augmented Reality Tool (SART) to improve
quality control and increase efficiency. SART
allows maintenance workers to identify parts
that need repair or replacement using digital-
enabled overlays on physical system
components.
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87. • Coca-Cola has partnered with Pristine, a tech
startup based in Austin, Texas, to test AR in
several bottling facilities for service calls,
equipment inspections, and routine audits.
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88. • Ford has begun using AR technology to create
3D models that eliminate the need to build
every design prototype with clay.
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89. • In 2017, GE technicians using Upskill’s Skylight
platform wired a wind turbine control panel
with virtual work instructions using smart
glasses. The AR headset improved the
technicians’ wiring performance by 34%.
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90. • Cisco built an AR experience using Blippar’s
Blippbuilder to let technicians launch virtual
demonstrations straight from their devices. This
removed the need to read manuals, leading to
reduced customer support cases, a 30% increase in
installation efficiency, and a 90% increase in first-
time accuracy.
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91. • AccuVein is a handheld device that can scan the vein
network of a patient that leads to a 45% reduction in
escalations. Surgeons can plan procedures before
making the first cut, models can be made of tumors,
and AR diagnostic tools can model disease
conditions.
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92. • World famous motorcycle brand Harley Davidson is one great
instance of a brand making the most of this trend,
by developing an an AR app that shoppers can use in-store.
Users can view a motorcycle they might be interesting in
buying in the showroom, and customize it using the app to
see which colors and features they might like.
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93. • Use of headsets enables architects, engineers,
and design professionals step directly into
their buildings and spaces to see how their
designs might look, and even make virtual on
the spot changes. Urban planners can even
model how entire city layouts might look using
AR headset visualization. Any design or
modeling jobs that involve spatial
relationships are a perfect use case for AR
tech.
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94. • Shipping company DHL has already implemented smart AR
glasses in some of its warehouses, where lenses display to
workers the shortest route within a warehouse to locate and
pick a certain item that needs to be shipping. Providing
workers with more efficient ways to go about their job is one
of the best ROI use cases in today's business environment.
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95. • AR presents a huge opportunity for travel brands and
agents to give potential tourists an even more immersive
experience before they travel. Imagine taking a virtual
"Walkabout" Australia before on AR glasses before booking
a ticket to Sydney, or a leisurely stroll around Paris to see
what museums or cafes you might like to visit. AR promises
to make selling trips, travel, and vacations a whole lot
easier in the future.
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96. • The Aurasma app, for example, is already being used in
classrooms so that students can view their classes via a
smartphone or tablet for a more rich learning environment.
Students learning about astronomy might see a full map of
the solar system, or those in a music class might be able to
see musical notes in real time as they learn to play an
instrument.
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97. • Entertainment brands are now seeing AR as a
great marketing opportunity to build deeper
bonds between their characters and audience.
As a matter of fact, the makers of AR
sensation Pokemon Go are soon planning to
release a Harry Potter-themed AR game that
fans can interact with day in and day out.
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98. • In the event of an emergency today, people will
immediately reach for their smartphone to find
out what's going on, where to go, and whether
their loved ones are safe. Moreover, first
responders arrive on the scene of a fire or
earthquake trying to figure out who needs help,
and the best way to get them to safety. AR is
showing promise in solving both pieces of the
public safety puzzle. First responders wearing AR
glasses can be alerted to danger areas, and show
in real-time individuals that need assistance while
enabling to still be aware of their surroundings.
For those in need, geolocation enabled AR can
show them directions, and the best route to, safe
zones and areas with firefighters or medics.
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99. LOOKING TO THE FUTURE OF
AUGMENTED REALITY
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100. • The potential scenarios are endless, the
business opportunities, unimaginable. AR
systems can spice up fairs, shows and events;
they can be deployed in stores, in e-
commerce, and in communications in general.
Well-known brands, like Nike and Nissan, are
already doing so.
•
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101. • It is not only businesses that benefit,
consumers get a share, too, as they can access
an unprecedented service and gain accurate,
personalised information in real time.
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102. • Many organizations have conducted
experiments using augmented reality
technology and the resulting outputs blew
their minds. Reports say that there was a 90%
increase in the rate of accuracy followed by a
30% decrease in time consumption by building
a basic AR project.
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103. Augmented Reality’s Insights into the
Coming Future
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104. 1. AR’s close relationship with Artificial
Intelligence (AI)
• For example, on Instagram and Snapchat there
are various fun filters like the dog filter, bunny
ears, pig filter etc. which are based on
consumer-facing applications.
• These applications do not function unless and
until both AI and AR are combined and
operated.
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105. 2. AR in terms of Teaching and Training
• Both the training and teaching technologies
belong to the field of education. By using
augmented reality technology, any
information or data can be passed to a learner
in real-time.
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106. 3. AR’s connections with Virtual Reality
• Facebook is one of those most used social media
applications which beliefs in augmented reality
and virtual reality environments.
• Augmented Reality results in connecting people,
socializing them with the help of virtual reality.
Both virtual and augmented realities together
worked in developing the” conference calls”
where users can see one and other and at the
same time, they can interact with each other.
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107. 4. AR is overtaking the Automobile Industry
• Autonomous cars may take a few more years’
time to come into reality. Meanwhile, many
automobile companies are making use of
augmented reality and artificial intelligence
technologies to mark their presence in the
market. The automobile industry is an advent of
augmented reality businesses. In the year 2019,
we are going to see developments in terms of
voice assistants like Siri. There will also be a
growth of augmented reality in cars.
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108. https://circuitstream.com/blog/xr-
jobs-in-demand/
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109. LinkedIn
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110. https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/10588-get-
job-in-virtual-augmented-reality.html
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111. https://digitaldefynd.com/best-
augmented-reality-courses/
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112. https://www.classcentral.com/tag/aug
mented-reality
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113. Thank you
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