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ARISTOTLE
VS
GALILEO
MOTION
• Is the movement or change in location of an object over
time. It is often described in terms of direction, location,
and speed.
ARISTOTLE AND GALILEO WERE TWO OF THE MOST IMPORTANT
HISTORICAL FIGURES IN PHYSICS. THEY MAY HAVE HAD OPPOSING
VIEWS REGARDING MOTION, BUT THEY BOTH HELPED SCIENCE
PROGRESS.
ARISTOTLE
• Classified motion as natural and violent.
• Considered the four elements --- earth, water, air, and fire--- as
the proper places
• He also categorized Natural Motion in terms of direction straight
up, straight down, and circular (e.g., motion of celestial bodies)
• Violent Motion – an imposed motion either by pulling or
pushing.
GALILEO
• “A motion is said to be uniformly accelerated when, starting from
rest, its speed receives equal increments in equal times”
• Forced by the Church to give-up working on astronomical
matters, Galileo returned to his experiments on the laws of
motion.
FREE FALL
• Is a type of motion wherein no other factors aside from gravity
influences the acceleration of an object.
• How is this explained by Aristotle and Galileo?
ACCORDINGTO ARISTOTLE
• Aristotle used a piece of paper and a coin in a thought experiment to
explain free fall. According to him, if you drop a piece of paper and a coin
from the same height at the same time, the coin would fall faster and hit the
ground first because it was heavier. One disadvantage of using thought
experiment is that many extraneous factors that can affect the results are
set aside. In this example, the masses of the two objects were used as bases
in predicting the result. One important factor was surface are. Since the
paper had a bigger surface area, it would have greater air resistance which
would make it fall slower and hit the ground at a later time compared to the
coin.
ACCORDING TO GALILEO
Galileo disproved Aristotle's idea of free fall. The problem was, Galileo did not
have a vacuum to verify his claim.
Galileo wanted to prove that the rate of fall or acceleration of an object is
independent of their mass. To test his hypothesis, he simultaneously dropped
a cannonball and a musket ball with different masses from the leaning tower
of Pisa. He discovered that both balls had the same acceleration.
Aristotle vs. Galileo
Aristotle vs. Galileo
PROJECTILE MOTION
• Projectile motion is a form of motion experienced by an object or
particle (a projectile) that is thrown near the Earth's surface and
moves along a curved path under the action of gravity only (in
particular, the effects of air resistance are assumed to be
negligible).
ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE
• A cannonball when fired from a canon moves in a straight
horizontal line because of a force that made it move called
impetus. When the cannonball loses this impetus, it will fall to
the ground abruptly as shown in the vertical path directed to the
ground. (refer to figure 3.3a.)
ACCORDING TO GALILEO
• But Galileo had another thing in mind. He explained that when
you fire a canon, the cannonball moves in a two-dimensional
motion as seen in figure 3.3b. The curved/parabolic path taken
by the cannonball indicates that while the cannonball is moving
forward, gravity pulls it down.
Aristotle vs. Galileo
MOTION GRAPHS
• Although the quantitative description of motion is accurate, it
sometimes fails to give an observer a clear picture on how
motion occurs. That is why motion graphs are needed for easier
interpretation.
Distance(m)
Speed(m/s)0 0Time (s) Time (s)
Position(m)
Position(m)0 0Time (s) Time (s)
Velocity(m/s)
Velocity(m/s)0 0Time (s) Time (s)
Acceleration(m/s)
Acceleration(m/s)0 0
Time (s)
Time (s)
Position(m)
Velocity(m/s)
Acceleration(m/s)
Time (s) Time (s)Time (s)
0 00

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Aristotle vs. Galileo

  • 2. MOTION • Is the movement or change in location of an object over time. It is often described in terms of direction, location, and speed.
  • 3. ARISTOTLE AND GALILEO WERE TWO OF THE MOST IMPORTANT HISTORICAL FIGURES IN PHYSICS. THEY MAY HAVE HAD OPPOSING VIEWS REGARDING MOTION, BUT THEY BOTH HELPED SCIENCE PROGRESS.
  • 4. ARISTOTLE • Classified motion as natural and violent. • Considered the four elements --- earth, water, air, and fire--- as the proper places • He also categorized Natural Motion in terms of direction straight up, straight down, and circular (e.g., motion of celestial bodies) • Violent Motion – an imposed motion either by pulling or pushing.
  • 5. GALILEO • “A motion is said to be uniformly accelerated when, starting from rest, its speed receives equal increments in equal times” • Forced by the Church to give-up working on astronomical matters, Galileo returned to his experiments on the laws of motion.
  • 6. FREE FALL • Is a type of motion wherein no other factors aside from gravity influences the acceleration of an object. • How is this explained by Aristotle and Galileo?
  • 7. ACCORDINGTO ARISTOTLE • Aristotle used a piece of paper and a coin in a thought experiment to explain free fall. According to him, if you drop a piece of paper and a coin from the same height at the same time, the coin would fall faster and hit the ground first because it was heavier. One disadvantage of using thought experiment is that many extraneous factors that can affect the results are set aside. In this example, the masses of the two objects were used as bases in predicting the result. One important factor was surface are. Since the paper had a bigger surface area, it would have greater air resistance which would make it fall slower and hit the ground at a later time compared to the coin.
  • 8. ACCORDING TO GALILEO Galileo disproved Aristotle's idea of free fall. The problem was, Galileo did not have a vacuum to verify his claim. Galileo wanted to prove that the rate of fall or acceleration of an object is independent of their mass. To test his hypothesis, he simultaneously dropped a cannonball and a musket ball with different masses from the leaning tower of Pisa. He discovered that both balls had the same acceleration.
  • 11. PROJECTILE MOTION • Projectile motion is a form of motion experienced by an object or particle (a projectile) that is thrown near the Earth's surface and moves along a curved path under the action of gravity only (in particular, the effects of air resistance are assumed to be negligible).
  • 12. ACCORDING TO ARISTOTLE • A cannonball when fired from a canon moves in a straight horizontal line because of a force that made it move called impetus. When the cannonball loses this impetus, it will fall to the ground abruptly as shown in the vertical path directed to the ground. (refer to figure 3.3a.)
  • 13. ACCORDING TO GALILEO • But Galileo had another thing in mind. He explained that when you fire a canon, the cannonball moves in a two-dimensional motion as seen in figure 3.3b. The curved/parabolic path taken by the cannonball indicates that while the cannonball is moving forward, gravity pulls it down.
  • 15. MOTION GRAPHS • Although the quantitative description of motion is accurate, it sometimes fails to give an observer a clear picture on how motion occurs. That is why motion graphs are needed for easier interpretation.