Value Management Group Assignment

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BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING (HONOURS)
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN
VALUE MANAGEMENT (QSB 60203)
GROUP ASSIGNMENT
Group Members:
NO. NAME STUDENT ID
1 YEE JYH LIN 0322408
2 EE HUI TENG 0322548
3 LOH MUN TONG 0323680
4 HONG LI VIAN 0327007
5 SIM SI KAI 0318609
6 TAM ZHAO WEI 0322587
7 YEAP PHAY SHIAN 0322243
8 JACQUELYN VANESSA TEE 0320021
Lecturer: Sr Habizah Sheikh Ilmi
Submission Date: 27th June 2019

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TABLE OF CONTENT
NO. CONTENT PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose of Value Management Study 1
1.2 Benefit of Value Management Study 2
2.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF PROJECT
2.1 Brief Description of Project 3
2.2 Brief Summary of Problem 3
3.0 OUTCOME OF VALUE MANAGEMENT WORKSHOP
3.1 Value Management Proposal 5
3.1.1 Expand Growth Approach - Functional Space Analysis 5
3.1.1.1 Adjustment of Usable Area 6
3.1.2 Function Increase Approach – Creative Techniques 7
3.1.2.1 Parking Orientation 7
3.1.3 Cost Reduction Approach - Priority & Weighted 9
3.1.3.1 Selection of Construction Material 9
3.1.4 Compound Approach - Priority & Weighted 9
3.1.4.1 Selection of Roof Type 10

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3.2 Value Management Tools and Techniques 12
3.2.1 FAST Diagram 12
3.2.2 Functional Space Analysis 14
3.2.3 Priority Setting Matrix 15
3.2.4 Weighted Scoring Matrix 16
3.2.5 Creativity Technique 17
3.3 Proposal for Floor Finishes 18
3.4 Proposal for Wall Finishes 20
3.5 Proposal for Ceiling Finishes 22
3.6 Proposal for Roof Type 24
4.0 SKETCHES OF PROPOSED CHANGES 26
5.0 TECHNICAL DATA 30
6.0 COST PLAN 31
7.0 ACTION PLAN 33
8.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 41

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose of Value Management Study
At this moment in time, Value Management practice is viewed as a very useful approach
in project management due to its effectiveness in reducing cost. The term Value Management is
also known as Value Engineering (VE) as mentioned most recently by a publication from the
United States Defense Department stated that value management and value engineering are
considered similar.
Value Management goes through a systematic process, called analysis, which consists of
value discovery, value realization, and value optimization. Analysis in Value Management is
useful at several phases during project management. It includes acceptance of new building design,
sales decline by company, expensive component part for construction, and price competition
among competitors. The failure to adapt these elements with problem solving may cause the
construction project to become delayed due to the extra time needed to overcome last minute
problems.
Not only that, Value Management acts as a solution towards problems in building
construction by providing a guideline and creation of the innovation element. Moreover, this kind
of tool is very beneficial for the project outcome in terms of cost savings and fulfilling customer
needs.
The purpose of Value Management is to produce a valuable project in terms of minimal
use of money and high function of the construction project. In other words, it is to achieve ‘Value
for Money’.

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1.2 Benefit of Value Management Study
Value Management recognizes that good value can be achieved when the necessary
performance can be accurately defined and delivered at the lowest life cycle cost. There are a few
benefits that can be found for Value Management, which are:-
● Value Management optimizes a mutual understanding among the client and the users to
ensure that needs and expectations are concurrently met on the basis of priorities. This
subsequently provides a systematic base for decision-making along the project life cycle
in terms of value and function.
Example: Solving the queries that is related to the design of a particular structure by
consulting the brief to ensure that the solutions are subjective; sustainable design.
● Value Management ensure clarity of project presentations to enhance communication
among stakeholders and mitigate conflicts arising from constraints on expectations and
project requirements. This continuous process ensures that the project is delivered in the
most beneficial way, while meeting business needs. In this case, Value Management
exercises both monetary and non-monetary attributes.
● Value Management provides a basis for design and development, including in-depth
research and engineering design of material selection, thus providing technical solutions
for improving performance and quality.
Example: Selecting a structural steel frame rather than a precast frame which would fulfill
the same function but with better value for money while optimizing resources and
enhancing environmental sustainability

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2.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF PROJECT
2.1 Brief Description of Project
Figure 1: BSBH & Co. Company Logo
BSBH & Co. was appointed by TK Group to undertake a value management study for a
mixed development project that is located at Bandar Port Dickson, Daerah Port Dickson, Negeri
Sembilan Darul Khusus. The location is set at the central point of the city, specifically on top of
Lot 2117. The development consists of a 3-storey and 2-storey shop offices as well as a 23-storey
apartment. This mixed-development is currently in the design stage and the schematic design of
the project has been obtained from the Architect. The location of the mixed development project
has input at a strategic and convenient location as it is in the heart of the city of Port Dickson.
2.2 Brief Summary of Problem
A Client Consultant Meeting (CCM) was conducted and the client intends to achieve value
for money and maximise profit from the project. Instead of solely minimizing the initial cost of
this project, the client wishes to achieve a balance between cost and quality to create a sustainable
product where greater value is created which will result in better return in terms of profit.
Therefore, value management study is carried out to fulfil the client’s requirement. The project is

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currently at early design stage and such development had been approved by the authorities to
proceed.
Client’s Objective: Value for Money
Value for Money (VfM) is defined as the utility derived from every penny spent. VfM is
not only the minimum purchase price but also the ability to achieve its maximum efficiency and
effectiveness of the purchase. VfM aims to attain a balance between cost and function. Highest
VfM is achieved when the most advantageous combination of:
• Cost:
Whole life costing;
• Quality:
Achievement of a specification which is fit for purpose and sufficient to meet the
customer’s requirements; and
• Sustainability:
Economic, social and environmental benefits to meet the client’s requirements is
practiced.
There are several approaches developed to achieve the client’s objective which will be
further elaborated as follows.

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3.0 OUTCOME OF VALUE MANAGEMENT WORKSHOP
3.1 Value Management Proposal
𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 =
𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 𝑄𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡
Where,
Function (F): The specific work that a design/ item must perform
Quality (Q): The owner’s or user’s needs, desires and expectations
Cost (C): The life cycle cost of product/ project
Dell’Isola (1997) confer that value is equivalent to the addition of function and quality over cost
and there are essentially four approaches to increase value namely cost reduction approach,
function increase approach, compound approach and expand growth approach. In line with our
client’s objective of value for money and maximising profit from the project, all four approaches
are adopted to increase the value of the development.
3.1.1 Expand Growth Approach
By implementing expand growth approach, the maximum value of the building can be
achieved by increasing both the function and the cost. With this approach, the client will be able
to get a better functioning building while incurring a slightly higher initial cost.
↑ (𝐹 + 𝑄)
↑ (𝐶)

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In this proposal, the function of the building can be increased by increasing the usable area
of the building though a slight construction cost will be incurred.
3.1.1.1 Adjustment of Usable Area
3.1.1.1.1 Increase of the unit’s size
The initial design has not utilized the site areas well due to the reason that there were still
empty areas left unconstructed beside the building. With such unused areas, the initial design
where all the units were similar in size become not efficient. Hence, a proposed change to increase
the size of the corner and end lot units of the shop office is recommended to cover up those unused
area. With this, maximization of the floor area/usage can be achieved which is then increase the
client’s profit.
3.1.1.1.2 Change in the unit’s shape
Generally, the simpler the shape of the building the more efficient is the building. Yes, the
initial design which wields a rectangular shape does improve the building efficiency, however
there are still spaces available at the site for constructing. To fully utilise the space given, the
corner lot unit is recommended to change from a rectangular shape to a bigger trapezium shape by
increasing its floor area. A bigger trapezium shape allows the floor area of the shop office (usable
area) at corner lot unit to be bigger. As the building function as a shop office, this changes which
increase of the usable area will definitely maximize the client’s benefit.

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3.1.2 Function Increase Approach (Change of Parking Design)
Value is defined as the most effective way to accomplish a function that will meet the
user’s needs, desires and expectations. Therefore, in order to increase value through function
increase approach, the function and quality of the component is required to increase while the cost
remains the same.
↑ (𝐹 + 𝑄)
→ (𝐶)
In this proposal, function increase approach is adopted in the following way:
3.1.2.1 Parking Orientation
The access road was originally designed as a two-way road where parallel parking is
allocated on both sides of the road. It is found that the amount of parking bay allocated is
insufficient to cater for the shop office. On the other hand, the parking orientation could not be
changed as the width of the road was not wide enough to fulfill the local authority requirements.
Therefore, it was proposed to change the two-way road to one-way road where there is sufficient
space to have 90-degree parking on one side of the road while 30-degree parking can be allocated
on the other side. This enables the full utilisation of available space to obtain the highest amount
of parking bay to cater for the population.

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Figure 2: Original Design (Two-way road and parallel parking)
Figure 3: Revised Design (One-way road and 90-degree parking on one side of the road and 30-
degree parking on the other side)

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3.1.3 Cost Reduction Approach
According to Burt (1975), maximum value can be achieved when required level of quality
is obtained at the least cost or the highest level of quality is achieved for a given cost or from an
optimum compromise between the two.
(𝐹 + 𝑄) →
(𝐶) ↓
In cost reduction approach, value can be increased by reducing the cost of project while
the function and quality remains the same.
3.1.3.1 Selection of Construction Material
Cost reduction approach is implemented in this development by replacing the unnecessary
specification which in turn substantially reduces the initial cost of the project.
This approach is conducted by substituting the construction material. For instance, wall
finishes, floor finishes and types of wall with an alternative selection of material which provide
equal or better performance at a lower cost.
3.1.4 Compound Approach
The most fundamental contribution of Value Management is the ability to eliminate any
unnecessary cost which does not contribute to the value of a product, services, or systems. Hence,
in Value Management, there are four key elements that have inter-relationships between one
another which are value, function, quality, and cost.

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The Compound Approach can be defined as the maximum value achieved through the
implementation of Value Management. Maximum value is achieved when the function and quality
is increased but at the same time the cost is decreased.
(𝐹 + 𝑄) ↑
(𝐶) ↓
3.1.4.1 Selection of Roof Type
The Compound Approach of Value Management is applied through the selection of roof
type for the shop office. A Value Management study is conducted to opt for the best choice for
roof in order to maximise value. The selection of roof types include flat roof and pitched roof.
Firstly, the pros and cons of each of the roof types are examined to allow an overview of
the comparison between the two roof types as shown in the table below. Then, VM tool such as
the priority setting matrix and the weighted evaluation matrix are implemented to facilitate the
decision-making process by providing a more in-depth and detailed breakdown of both the roof
types.

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Table 1: Comparison of Flat Roof and Pitched Roof
ROOF TYPE FLAT ROOF PITCHED ROOF
Roof Drainage Less effective More effective
Durability Less durable More durable
Structure & Stability Average Good
Design Appearance Modern Classic
Weather Resistance Average Good
Space Maximisation Prohibited Allowed
Installation Time Shorter Longer
Life Cycle Cost Higher Lower
Initial Cost Average High
Maintenance Cost High Average
Repair Cost High Average

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3.2 Value Management Tools and Techniques
3.2.1 Function Analysis System Technique (FAST) Diagram
The FAST Diagram is a graphical representation which establishes the relationships
between the function of a project, product, process or service according to the questions of ‘How’
and ‘Why’. It is used to assist in the problem thinking process in an objective manner plus it aids
the identification of project scope by depicting the logical relationships between functions.
The far left of a FAST Diagram starts by questioning ‘How’, which is said to be the higher
abstraction. Moving to the right, the abstraction changes from high to low. On the other hand, the
far right of a FAST Diagram starts by questioning ‘Why’, which is then slowly emerging to the
left. In short, the FAST Diagram combines the common questions asked to justify the relationships
between the project functions. Moreover, addressing to the lower order functions allows effective
portrait of just one response to the design brief and provide less scope for essential change.
The FAST Diagram below is generated according to our project where the relationships
between each distinct function are portrayed.

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3.2.2 Function Space Analysis
Function space analysis technique is used in this proposal to provide a clear definition and
purpose of space required that linked to objectives of the building. The attributes of each space in
the building are described through verb-noun combinations and each space’s type of function were
identified to generate proposal on the possible ways to improve it. Next, the original area and the
revised floor area are calculated to decide on whether changes are workable and applicable.
Table 2: Functional Analysis at Each Space
No. Spaces
Function
Type of
Function
Original
Area
(m2)
Revised
Area
(m2)
Value
index
Remarks
Verb Noun
1 Shop
Offices
Accommodate Office
workers
Basic
Function
714.34 786.94 1.10 Increases
Area
2 Corridor Provide Circulation Required
Secondary
Function
13.15 13.15 1.00 No changes
3 Staircase Provide Circulation Required
Secondary
Function
61.25 61.25 1.00 No changes
4 Toilet/
Bath
Allow Excretion Required
Secondary
Function
72.00 72.00 1.00 No changes
5 A/C
Ledge
Contain Services Supporting
Function
16.05 16.05 1.00 No changes
6 Tank
Area
Contain Services Supporting
Function
164.45 164.45 1.00 No changes

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After undertaking the function space analysis in Table 2, it shows that there are no
unnecessary function of the spaces in the shop office building which can be eliminated. However,
to enhance the value of the building, a change of increasing the usable area, which is the main
function of the shop office areas is proposed.
3.2.3 Priority Setting Matrix
Priority Setting Matrix is an analysis and serves as a decision-making tool to identify the
relative precedence of a list of proposed criteria which aims to achieve client’s objectives. The
priority setting matrix functioned by considering a pair of criteria at a time to allow single decision
on the relative priority of each criterion. This matrix is advantageous to the consideration of matters
and objectives at an early stage of a project development as it looks into every proposed criterias.
The implementation of priority setting matrix is on the selection of finishes and roof type.
Due to the distinct nature of the two categories (finishes and roof type), two lists of criteria have
to be established to suit the two categories. Through this, a more accurate outcome can be
accomplished.
The list of criteria for selection of finishes is as below:
A – Cost
B – Durability
C – Pattern Formation
D – Elegant Outlook
E – Cleanliness
F – Ease of Installation
G – Sound Absorption
H – Supply

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The list of criteria for selection of roof type is as below:
A – Roof Drainage
B – Durability
C – Structure & Stability
D – Design Appearance
E – Weather Resistance
F – Space Maximisation
G – Installation Time
H – Life Cycle Cost
3.2.4 Weighted Scoring Matrix
Weighted Scoring Matrix is used to assess a range of alternative solutions based on pre-
determined specific set of evaluation criteria which have weighted by importance. It is most
commonly used in the selection of project strategies or the selection of a particular building
element as it delineates and justifies the ranking of each element thus eases the decision-making
process. The ranking is decided by the client, end-user or customer. The rating is depicted as
follows:
1 – Poor
2 – Fair
3 – Good
4 – Very Good
5 – Excellent

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3.2.5 Creativity Technique
Creativity technique is used to encourage innovation in creating innovative solutions. The
most common method used to generate ideas is by brainstorming. Brainstorming is defined as
group discussions held to produce ideas or solve problems. When utilising this method, the study
leader will gather all members to produce ideas on alternatives to achieve the required function. In
brainstorming, it focuses on the quantity of ideas produced rather than the quality. Everyone is
encouraged to build or modify the ideas regardless of the logic behind it. The outcome of
brainstorming are as follows:
1. Separate first floor’s office into two units;
2. Changing the orientation of parking bays;
3. Increase number of floors;
After conducting the brainstorming session, an evaluation of the ideas contributed were
undertaken. As a result, the parking orientation were decided to be amended to enable better use
of available space for this project.

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3.3 Proposal for Floor Finishes
A
A B B
A C B C C
A D B D C D D
A E B E C E D E E
A F B F C F D F E F F
A G B G C G D G E G F G G
A H B H C H D H E H F H G H H
A B C D E F G H
6 5 1 2 4 5 0 5
Figure 5: Priority Setting Matrix A
Table 3: Weighted Scoring Matrix A
Attributes
Finishes
A B C D E F G H
Total
6 4 1 2 4 5 0 6
Artificial Stone
2
12
3
12
4
4
3
6
2
8
1
5
4
0
3
18
65
Cement render
5
30
5
20
3
3
2
4
4
16
5
5
3
0
5
30
98
Ceramic Tiles
2
12
4
16
5
5
3
6
3
12
2
10
4
0
3
18
79
Carpet
3
18
2
8
1
1
3
6
2
8
2
10
5
0
2
12
63
Timber
2
12
3
12
3
3
3
6
2
8
1
5
3
0
1
6
52
Marble
1
6
3
12
5
5
4
8
3
12
1
5
5
0
1
6
54
Granite
2
12
3
12
4
4
3
6
2
8
1
5
3
0
2
12
59
Gravel
2
12
3
12
4
4
3
6
2
8
1
5
3
0
2
12
59

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Based on the results from Priority Setting Matrix A and Weighted Scoring Matrix A,
cement render is the best option followed by ceramic tiles.
The deciding team considered that cost is the most important attribute which some of the
finishes scored poorly in as a higher cost is required but scored well in pattern formation and sound
absorption in which the team considered these attributes are of lower priority of importance.
Ceramic tiles has a high durability but it is more expensive as compared to cement render.
Cement render has the highest weightage in field of cost in addition to their durability, ease
of installation and supply which the team regarded as the important attributes to be included as
well. As a result, cement render finish is the most recommended for use as floor finishes for the
shop office building.

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3.4 Proposal for Wall Finishes
A
A B B
A C B C C
A D B D C D D
A E B E C E D E E
A B C D E F G H
6 4 0 1 4 5 1 6
Figure 6: Priority Setting Matrix B
Table 4: Weighted Scoring Matrix B
Attributes
Finishes
A B C D E F G H
Total
6 4 0 1 4 5 1 6
Wallpaper
2
12
3
12
5
0
5
5
5
20
1
5
2
2
2
12
68
Flakes Finish
3
18
4
16
4
0
3
3
2
8
3
15
3
3
3
18
81
Coral Finish
3
18
4
16
3
0
4
4
1
4
3
15
4
4
3
18
79
Wood Panelling
1
6
3
12
5
0
5
5
5
20
2
10
4
4
2
12
69
Plaster & Paint
4
24
3
12
2
0
4
4
4
16
4
20
2
2
3
18
96
Cement Plaster
Finish
5
30
3
12
2
0
3
3
3
12
5
25
3
3
5
30
115
Ceramic Tile
2
12
3
12
4
0
4
4
4
16
2
10
3
3
2
12
69

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Based on the result, cement plaster finish has the highest score with plaster and paint finish
a close second.
According to Priority Setting Matrix B, the deciding team considered that cost attribute
takes precedence among the other available criteria followed by ease of installation and supply.
Wallpaper, wood panelling, flakes finish and ceramic tile scored well in pattern formation and
elegant outlook. However, the team considered these attributes as of lower priority of importance.
Plaster and paint scored very closely to cement plaster finish. It has a better outlook and
cleanliness as compared to cement plaster finish but the team gave great emphasis on cost in which
plaster and paint is more costly than cement plaster. Cement plaster finish has the lowest cost
among the propriety finishes and scored well in ease of installation and supply.
Cement plaster finish is hence recommended for use as wall finishes for the shop office
building.

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3.5 Proposal for Ceiling Finishes
A
A B B
A C B C C
A D B D C D D
A E B E C E D E E
A B C D E F G H
7 3 0 2 6 4 1 6
Figure 7: Priority Setting Matrix C
Table 5: Weighted Scoring Matrix C
Attributes
Finishes
A B C D E F G H
Total
7 3 0 2 6 4 1 6
Acoustic texture
2
14
3
9
4
0
5
10
1
6
3
12
3
3
2
12
66
Orange peel
texture
2
14
3
9
3
0
5
10
2
12
2
8
3
3
2
12
68
Skim Coating
5
35
4
12
3
0
3
6
5
30
5
20
3
3
5
30
138
Mud Swirl
texture
2
14
4
12
5
0
5
10
2
12
1
4
4
4
1
12
68
Brush texture
4
28
4
12
3
0
4
8
4
24
4
16
3
3
5
30
121
Knockdown
texture
1
7
3
9
4
0
5
10
2
12
1
4
3
3
1
6
51

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As depicted from the results above, the team decided that skim coating is the best
alternative for ceiling finishes subsequently by brush texture finish.
Based on Priority Setting Matrix C, the team gave a high weightage in terms of cost.
Acoustic texture, orange peel texture, mud swirl texture and knockdown texture scored well in
pattern formation and elegant outlook but are more expensive at the same time. Skim coating and
brush texture scored well in cleanliness in addition to their low capital cost and reliability of
supply.
Skim coating is therefore recommended for use as ceiling finishes for the shop office
building.

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3.6 Proposal for Roof Type
A
A B B
A C B C C
A D B D C D D
A E B E C E D E E
A B C D E F G H
2 5 6 1 4 1 2 7
Figure 8: Priority Setting Matrix D
Table 6: Weighted Scoring Matrix D
Attributes
Roof Type
A B C D E F G H
Total
2 5 6 1 4 1 2 7
Flat Roof
2
4
3
15
3
18
5
5
3
12
2
2
5
10
2
14
80
Pitched Roof
4
8
5
25
5
30
3
3
4
16
4
4
2
4
4
28
118
According to the outcome of the Weighted Scoring Matrix D, pitched roof is of the
preferred choice compared to flat roof.
The Priority Setting Matrix D showed that the most concerned key element is the life-cycle
cost whereas the least concerned key element is the design appearance. Comparing the scoring of
flat roof and pitched roof in the aspect of life-cycle cost, the pitched roof has lower life-cycle cost

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with a score of 4; the flat roof has higher life-cycle cost with a score of 2, therefore, of the most
considered aspect, pitched roof is recommended. On the other hand, flat roof has its outstanding
characteristics as well such as its design appearance. However, due to the reason that the team’s
least concern is design appearance, even though the flat roof scored 5 in this aspect, it is not
sufficient to steer the decision making of the team.
All in all, the pitched roof is opted for the Value Management Proposal changes according
to the justifications above.

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4.0 SKETCHES OF PROPOSED CHANGES
Figure 9: VM Ground Floor Plan before Proposed Changes

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Figure 10: VM Ground Floor Plan after Proposed Changes

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Figure 11: VM Roof Plan before Proposed Changes

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Figure 12: VM Roof Plan after Proposed Changes

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5.0 TECHNICAL DATA
Table 7: Technical Data
No. Area/Item Original Specifications Revised Specifications
1 Floor Finishes Fitted Carpet of approved roll
loop carpet fixed all in
accordance with
manufacturer's instruction
and S.O's approval to floor
19mm cement and sand (1:3)
rendering trowelled finish as
smooth surfaces as described
2 Wall Finishes Semi-glazed ceramic wall
tiles, 200mm x 200mm x 8.5,
as specified to wall
19mm Thick cement and sand
plastering (1:3) and apply one
base sealer and two finishing
coats of ICI Paint of selected
colour
3 Ceiling Finishes Asbestos free cement flat
sheet as specified; 1200mm x
600mm x 3.2mm thick
Linings to ceilings with and
including ceiling suspension
system as specified
Approved 4mm thick skim
coat and paint with ICI paints
with one base sealer and two
finishing coats
4 Roof Type Everguard flat roof system,
thermoplastic polyolefin
(TPO) membrane, complete
with a layer of BMI
insulation, VCL, approved
fasteners and an extended
range of accessories
Supply and lay 0.42mm thick
clip lock colorbond metal
deck roofing sheet and all
necessary acessories
required, with roof covering
to main roof at 5 degree pitch,
all as per manufacturer's
recommendation and S.O.
approval

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6.0 COST PLAN
Table 8: Cost Plan
ORIGINAL REVISED
Area
(m2)
Cost
(RM/m2)
Total Cost
(RM)
Area
(m2)
Cost
(RM/m2)
Total Cost
(RM)
Roof Type
(flat roof → pitched
roof)
1398 95 132,810 1398 110 153,780
Floor Finishes
(Fitted carpet → cement
render)
389 87 33,843 389 20 7,780
Wall Finishes
(ceramic tiles → cement
plaster)
885 72 63,720 885 30 26,550
Ceiling Finishes
(asbestos free cement
flat sheet → skim
coating)
1058 38 40,204 1058 6 6,348
TOTAL 270,577 194,458
TOTAL SAVINGS 76,119

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After carrying out all the value analysis and other necessary actions by using value
management tools and techniques, the total project cost can be reduced by RM 76,119 together
with an increase value of the usable area and the parking area. As shown in the table above, the
client will be able to save RM 26.063, RM 37,170 and RM 33,856 for the expenses of the floor
finishes, wall finishes and ceiling finishes respectively although the cost for the pitched roof will
increase by RM 20,970.
It is decided to use pitched roof instead of flat roof because pitched roof can provide a
better value for the project as the life cycle costs like maintenance and repairing cost for pitched
roof is lower compared to flat roof. Besides that, the alternative method for floor finishes is cement
render because it is unnecessary to use homogeneous tile as our floor tiles, cement render is good
enough to provide us the criteria like durability, cleanliness and ease of installation by the client
and end users. Similar to floor finishes, it is proposed to use cement plaster for wall finishes and
skim coating for ceiling finishes.

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7.0 ACTION PLAN
Action planning is a procedure that will assist to prioritize and concentrate the ideas,
followed by deciding what measures to undertake to attain the specific objectives. The aim of an
action plan is to clarify what resources are needed to achieve the objective, create a timeline for
when the specific jobs need to be finished, as well as identifying the required resources.
Furthermore, an action plan is a method to ensure that the company’s vision is made concrete.
Action plans comprise of the following:
● Identifying objectives
● Set goals that are measurable and achievable
● Effectively prioritize job scopes
● Determine actions required to attain objectives
● Utilizing lists
● Capable of working effectively under pressure
● Complete work by a deadline
● Include a contingency plan
Action plans are a crucial component of strategic planning and it revolves around these four
questions:
1. Where is our current progress?
2. Where do we want to be?
3. How do we reach our goals?
4. How do we measure our progress?
This action plan focuses on the areas that are required to be altered and modified, along
with the appointment of suitable personnel that would be responsible to ensure that the work is

34
carried out smoothly. In order to achieve the objectives set through value management study, the
action plan has to be effective and efficient.
Characteristics of a Good Action Plan
A good action plan consists of many different points of view, on what it should look like. It
depends on the extent and complexity of the change to be made. The followings are the important
point to achieve a good action plan.
● It is a single, well defined, goal.
● Realistic timescales.
● The plan is past-informed but future-oriented.
● External factors and constraints are taken into account in the plan.
● The plan consists of tasks that will contribute to the same objective.
● Unnecessary items are not included in the plan to achieve the goals.
● For its objective, the plan is equipped with sufficient details
● Clear in job scope
● The plans are distinctly aligned with success
● The plans are consistently updated

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The Benefits of Action Plan
Table 9: Benefits of Action Plan
BENEFITS ELABORATION
• It provides an
opportunity for
reflection
Before executing a task, it is good to reflect on what has
happened before, and determine what actions lead to
success and which actions do not.
• It brings people
together
It brings individuals together who are knowledgeable,
thereby experimenting on the problem and stand to benefit
from the change and also individuals who can contribute
to the project.
• It clarifies the
objective.
Action plans provide an opportunity to clarify exactly the
changes needed to be made.
• It builds consensus Ideas are shared around everyone who is involved, and
slowly, through discussion, negotiation, and compromise,
the final action will emerge.
• It creates ownership
and accountability
People who are involved in developing an action plan,
realistic suggestion will be obtained due to the influence
of the development of an action plan. The ownership
allocates tasks to different people, creating accountability
and individuals who are assigned tasks acknowledge their
responsibility and progress report is required.
• It clarifies timescales Every action in an action plan consists of a clear
completion date.
• It identifies
measures of success
Action plan provides a way in measuring progress to
achieve the goal.

36
This action plan encompasses on the area that has to be modified, along with the
appointment of suitable personnel who will be responsible in ensuring the work progress leads to
a successful completion. In order to achieve the objectives that were determined, it mainly depends
on the efficiency and effectiveness of the action.
For our project, the action plan comprises of the following:
● Alteration of element / space / size
● Recommendation for modifications
● Determine personnel to undertake the task
● Indication of time frame

37
Table 10: Action Plan
ACTION PLAN
CATEGORY RECOMMENDATIONS TASKS PERSONNEL TIMELINE
1.
Floor Finishes
i. Reduce cost of material
while maintaining the
function with similar
quality.
i. Change of fitted carpet to
cement render.
Architect Design Stage
ii. Prepare and compare cost
plan.
Quantity Surveyor Design Stage
iii. Implement as per
recommendation
Value Management
Facilitator / Value
Manager
Construction Stage
2.
Wall Finishes
quality.
i. Change of ceramic tiles to
cement plaster
plan.
recommendation
Value Management
Facilitator / Value
Manager
Construction Stage

38
3.
Ceiling
Finishes
quality.
i. Change of asbestos free
cement flat sheet to skim coat.
plan.
recommendation
Value Management
Facilitator / Value
Manager
Construction Stage
4.
Shops
i. Increase Usable Area of
Corner Lot Units
i. Change in unit’s size and
shape.
Architect,
Engineer
Design Stage
plan.
recommendation
Value Management
Facilitator / Value
Manager
Construction Stage

39
5.
Parking Design
i. Increase number of
parking bays
i. Change in parking orientation. Architect,
Engineer
Design Stage
plan.
recommendation
Value Management
Facilitator / Value
Manager
Construction Stage
6.
Roof
i. Reduce maintenance cost
function.
i. Change from flat roof to
pitched roof.
Architect,
Engineer
Design Stage
plan.
recommendation
Value Management
Facilitator / Value
Manager
Construction Stage

40
Action Plan involves the alteration made in order for a quantity surveyor to prepare and
compare both newly updated and previous cost plan. During the construction stage, value
management facilitator is required to monitor the work done which is in accordance with the
implemented Action Plan and proceed to be reviewed and audited by the client.

41
8.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
As a conclusion, BSBH & Co. has successfully conducted a Value Management study that
has applied several approaches to this project, namely Expand Growth Approach, Function
Increase Approach, Cost Reduction Approach and Compound Approach. By employing these
approaches, it was discovered that changes such as increasing the usable area, changing of parking
orientation, finishes and roof type can assist the client to achieve the maximum value of the
building. To further articulate and prioritize the recommended changes, value management tools
is utilized and the tools used in this study includes Function Analysis System Technique (FAST),
creativity techniques, functional space analysis, priority setting matrix and weighted option
evaluation.
Overall, the VM study conducted is considered a successful due to the following outcomes,
that are, the increase of usable area and changing of parking orientation provide a better value for
money to the client, the changes of finishes allow cost savings and the changes of the roof type
provides a better value for the project in terms of life cycle costs. Hence, it is economical.
As for future recommendations, the benefits of integrating VM study for the projects
should be demonstrated clearly to the clients, so that it can be incorporated early in the project.
Besides, the VM concept should be introduced widely to the public due to its benefits in
simplifying decision-making process, provide cost optimization, enhance efficiency and deliver
maximum value to its clients.

Value Management Group Assignment

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