2. BELL WORK 1/12/2016
• Think back to Monday (or use your book p. 447):
• Why was there a Peasant Revolution in 1381? (what did each side
of the result want?)
3. Long Distance Trade: Eastern Hemisphere
1. 1000-1500 CE more travel than ever (trade,
diplomacy, missionary)
2. Luxury goods-silk roads
3. Bulky items (ie building materials)-sea
lanes
4. Port/trading cities grew when the rulers
offered safety and fair levys (taxes)
• Mongols-laid political foundation for
surge in trade along silk roads
5. Marco Polo: stories of his adventures
influenced many Europeans to travel and
trade w China
4. POLITICAL/DIPLOMATIC
1. Attempts at alliances
• Mongol + Christian vs Muslim
• Pope Innocent offers alliance of Mongols convert
(1240/50’s)
• Mongols offer alliance is Christians submit to
Mongol role (or ELSE!)
• (1287) Sauma (Nestorian Christian living under
Mongol Rule) sent to try again-failed
"AscelinOfCremone" by David Aubert - Chronique des Empereurs, by David Aubert (1462), reproduction in "Genghis Khan et l'Empire
Mongol", Jean-Paul Roux.. Licensed under Public Domain via Commons -
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AscelinOfCremone.jpg#/media/File:AscelinOfCremone.jpg
5. 2. Need for legal scholars and judges
• Sharia law- Islamic influence calls for experts in the laws/ Quran. Guidance for
newly converted people
• Ibn Battuta served as qadi (judge): he recorded his travels, his position allowed
him to travel extensively
6. MISSIONARY WORK
1. Sufi Missionaries
• Mission to spread Islam/ gain followers, tolerant of
alternative traditions
2. Christian missionaries
• Looking for Mongol and Chinese converts to
Catholicism, already some Nestorian Christians in
the area
• Monte Corvino: popular archbishop, yet didn’t
attract many converts
8. CRISIS
1. Mini Ice Age
• 1000-1300: much cooler temps= bad growing= famine
2. Bubonic Plague
• Spread in central Asia (oases and trading cities) among animals
• Spread in cities because of dense populations and unsanitary conditions
• Labor shortages, wage freezing, tighter restrictions
• Trade continued: Sub Shara and India unaffected
9. RECOVERY: CHINA
1. Ming Dynasty- Hongwu (1368-1644)
• kicked out Mongols, restored Chinese culture
• Confucian educational and civil service systems
• Absolute rule (after fear of betrayal): centralized
• Used mandarins (appointed officials) & eunuchs (castrated men)
• Economic recovery: improved infrastructure and increased trade
10. RECOVERY: EUROPE
1. Not centralized, rise of regional states (powerful monarchies)
• Strength comes from taxes and large standing armies
2. Italy- lots of $
3. France/England: force to suppress uprisings
4. Spain: unified Catholic region (Fernando&Isabel)
5. Russia: Ivan the Great refuses to recognize or pay tribute to Mongol Khan
11. IN THE SPACE LEFT
• Compare and contrast China before and after 1368
