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Digital	
  Critical	
  Literacy	
  in	
  Teacher	
  
                                                Education	
  	
  
                             Findings	
  From	
  a	
  German	
  Research	
  Project




                                                                              Mandy	
  Rohs,	
  
                                                                              University	
  of	
  Duisburg-­‐Essen
                                                                              Germany


                                              http://www.flickr.com/photos/almondbutterscotch/4213101816/sizes/z/in/photostream/
Samstag, 12. November 2011
Samstag, 12. November 2011
“Anyone	
  can	
  create	
  anything	
  and	
  
        sharing	
  it	
  with	
  anyone	
  –	
  world	
  
        wide”	
  (Tim	
  Berners-­‐Lee)




                                                            http://www.flickr.com/photos/timmben/5000406409/sizes/l/in/photostream/
                                        participation
                                        communication
                                        validating	
  of
                                        information

Samstag, 12. November 2011
http://www.flickr.com/photos/auntiep/3573696419/sizes/l/in/photostream/
    Learning	
  to	
  learn	
  and	
  to	
  validate	
  
    information	
  from	
  different	
  sources	
  will	
  
    increasingly	
  become	
  a	
  great	
  challenge	
  
    for	
  learners	
  and	
  educators	
  in	
  future.	
  	
  




                              (critical)	
  digital	
  literacy	
  as	
  main	
  
                                 competence	
  for	
  learners	
  and	
  
                                  teachers	
  of	
  the	
  21st	
  century


                                             Bawden	
  (2001),	
  David	
  (2009),	
  Selwyn	
  (2010),	
  Schiefner-­‐Rohs	
  (2011)
Samstag, 12. November 2011
Implementation	
  in	
  teacher	
  
                    education?




http://www.flickr.com/photos/adesigna/5544094922/sizes/l/in/photostream/


Samstag, 12. November 2011
Research	
  Questions




                             (1) What	
  is	
  digital	
  critical	
  literacy?	
  

                             (2) How	
  is	
  this	
  literacy	
  implemented	
  in	
  teacher
                                 education?	
  What	
  do	
  students	
  and	
  experts	
  in
                                 teacher	
  educations	
  say?	
  

                             (3) What	
  is	
  written	
  in	
  curricula	
  and	
  other	
  documents	
  of	
  
                                 teacher	
  education?	
  

Samstag, 12. November 2011
theoretical	
  framework	
  


                                                                              media	
  literacy
                                                                              digital	
  literacy
http://www.flickr.com/photos/virtualpixel/5027724994/sizes/l/in/photostream/




                                                                              (critical)	
  use	
  of	
  media
                                                                              e.g.	
  Buffington	
  (2004),	
  Kübler	
  (2006),	
  Niesyto	
  (2008)




                                                                                                                         critical	
  thinking
                                                                                                                         e.g.	
  Facione	
  &	
  Facione	
  (2000),	
  Paul	
  (2005)




                                                                                                                                                                information	
  literacy	
  from	
  
                                                                                                                                                                different	
  perspectives
                                                                                                                                                                  e.g.	
  Bawden	
  (2001),	
  Bättig	
  (2005)


                Samstag, 12. November 2011
Methodology:
                                                                         explorative	
  study	
  
                                                                         with	
  mixed
                                                                         methods




                                                                                                    http://www.flickr.com/photos/streetart-­‐berlin/5909483678/sizes/l/in/photostream/
1
                             Re-­‐Analysis	
  of	
  existing	
  
          students	
  




                             studies	
  in	
  the	
  field	
  media	
  
                             literacy	
  in	
  Germany	
  for	
  
                             teacher	
  students

                             own	
  questionnaire	
  
          universities	
  




2
Samstag, 12. November 2011
                             explorative	
  case	
  study
students	
  questionnaire




                                                                                       http://www.flickr.com/photos/shahdi/5568051608/sizes/l/in/photostream/
                                    some	
  figures	
  from	
  Germany


1
Samstag, 12. November 2011
                                                           Schiefner-­‐Rohs,	
  2011
digital	
  teaching	
  and	
  learning	
  sessions	
  
          !
            in	
  teacher	
  education	
   (Kleimann	
  et	
  al.,	
  2008,	
  Schiefner-­‐Rohs,	
  2011)



                                                                     virtual	
  labs



                                                          online	
  live	
  lectures	
  


                         virtual	
  seminars	
  and	
  tutorates	
  with	
  virtual	
  
                                                                coopera.on


                                                        interac.ve	
  teaching



                                                  online	
  learning	
  materials



                                                                                           yes   no   I	
  don‘t	
  know

          !
                                               !""#$%&$'()(*+,-$'(-./*-$(0$1*23(-.+,,*+)$4-56+0*//*23(-6-.3-6$             N	
  =	
  527	
  
ual	
  labs 12. November 2011                      online	
  learning	
  materials
  Samstag,!
use	
  of	
  digital	
  media	
  in	
  teacher	
  
      education	
  (Kleimann	
  et	
  al.,	
  2008,	
  Schiefner-­‐Rohs,	
  2011)
       !




                                          o9en            some&mes    seldom        never   I	
  don‘t	
  know	
  
                                                                                                                     N	
  =	
  527	
  
       !
Samstag, 12. November 2011
=8#0,$ !#*$ >*")"/78#.$ ?.(@*0,)"@./A$ 2.!$ B#!"#.>@0<#)#.9$ -,6#.$ CD$ E#(#*#.!,*#$ ,.F$ !,92$
   34#."-5$6"/$3."78)/5$"0$;)2!"20$#*'#6)$92$8,6#.F$GD$;)2!"#*#.!#$&2H#*.$/"78$<@/")"I:$B#8*$,'/$
     estimation	
  of	
  integration	
  by	
  students
   !"#$ %&'()#$ !#*$ +#(*,-)#.$ JDKL$ -,6$ ,.F$ !,//$ /"#$ %@78/782''#8*#.!#$ #*'#6)$ 8,)F$ !"#$ I#*/278)$
   8,6#.F$#".#$>*")"/78#$%,')2.-$"0$;)2!"20$92$I#*0"))#'.$JI-':$166:$MNL:$$



                 The	
  cri&cal	
  use	
  of	
  digital	
  media	
  for	
  teaching	
  and	
  
                           learning	
  was	
  topic	
  in	
  my	
  study	
  programe



          There	
  are	
  university	
  teachers	
  which	
  are	
  interested	
  in	
  
          teaching	
  cri&cal	
  digital	
  literacy	
  and	
  the	
  evalua&on	
  of	
  
                                                                            media	
  



           Teaching	
  digital	
  literacy	
  and	
  media	
  competence	
  was	
  
                                                topic	
  in	
  my	
  study	
  courses




       Cri&cal	
  informa&on-­‐	
  and	
  media	
  literacy	
  was	
  topic	
  in	
  my	
  
                                                                 study	
  course



                                                strongly	
  
                                                agree              agree                less	
  agree   disagree   no	
  answer

   $                                                                                                                              N	
  =	
  101	
  
Samstag, 12. November 2011
Case	
  Study
                                                                                                                    2	
  institutions	
  of	
  teacher	
  education	
  

                                                                     Triangulation	
  of	
  methods	
  (Flick,	
  2004a,	
  2008;	
  Treumann,	
  2005)
                                                                     Content	
  analysis	
  of	
  documents	
  in	
  teacher	
  education	
  of	
  
                                                                     2	
  universities	
  
http://www.flickr.com/photos/en321/19360914/sizes/o/in/photostream/




                                                                     expert	
  interviews	
  of	
  professors	
  in	
  
                                                                     teacher	
  education(Meuser	
  &	
  Nagel,	
  1991)




              Samstag, 12. November 2011
                                                                     2
some	
  results


                             (Critical)	
  digital	
  literacy	
  mainly	
  is	
  
                             found	
  in	
  descriptions	
  of	
  some	
  
                             courses,	
  seldom	
  in	
  study	
  




                                                                                     http://www.flickr.com/photos/pixeltree/5621338552/sizes/l/in/photostream/
                             regulations	
  or	
  examination	
  
                             regulations



                             strong	
  influence	
  of	
  teachers	
  and	
  
                             the	
  learning	
  culture	
  in	
  teacher	
  
                             education

Samstag, 12. November 2011
Limitation	
  of	
  the	
  study	
  /	
  future	
  research




                                                                                                          http://www.flickr.com/photos/auntiep/3574503134/sizes/z/in/photostream/
                    no	
  analysis	
  of	
  teaching	
  
                    and	
  learning	
  situations	
  



                                                  self-­‐evaluation	
  of	
  
                                                  students

                                                                                only	
  2	
  cases	
  of	
  
                                                                                teacher	
  education
Samstag, 12. November 2011
http://www.flickr.com/photos/adesigna/2206652033/sizes/l/in/set-72157603596964654/




                         but:	
  challanges




                                                                                       teaching	
  universitiy	
  teachers


                                                                                       adress	
  formal	
  learning	
  processes	
  
                                                                                       in	
  teacher	
  education
Samstag, 12. November 2011
http://www.flickr.com/photos/shawnecono/232647148/sizes/l/in/photostream/
              So	
  efforts	
  must	
  be	
  made	
  in	
  
       faculty	
  development	
  to	
  integrate	
  
        digital	
  critical	
  literacy	
  in	
  teacher	
  
                     education	
  and	
  so	
  in	
  the	
  
                         educational	
  system.	
       	
  




Samstag, 12. November 2011
http://www.flickr.com/photos/twicepix/1071474089/sizes/l/in/photo
                             Thank	
  you



                                              Questions?


                                                                                   Mandy	
  Rohs
                                                                     University	
  of	
  Duisburg-­‐Essen
                                            Educational	
  Media	
  and	
  Knowledge	
  Management
                                                                         mandy.rohs@uni-­‐due.de
                                                                             http://www.2headz.ch
                                                            http://www.twitter.com/mschiefner	
  
Samstag, 12. November 2011

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Critical digital literacy

  • 1. Digital  Critical  Literacy  in  Teacher   Education     Findings  From  a  German  Research  Project Mandy  Rohs,   University  of  Duisburg-­‐Essen Germany http://www.flickr.com/photos/almondbutterscotch/4213101816/sizes/z/in/photostream/ Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 3. “Anyone  can  create  anything  and   sharing  it  with  anyone  –  world   wide”  (Tim  Berners-­‐Lee) http://www.flickr.com/photos/timmben/5000406409/sizes/l/in/photostream/ participation communication validating  of information Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 4. http://www.flickr.com/photos/auntiep/3573696419/sizes/l/in/photostream/ Learning  to  learn  and  to  validate   information  from  different  sources  will   increasingly  become  a  great  challenge   for  learners  and  educators  in  future.     (critical)  digital  literacy  as  main   competence  for  learners  and   teachers  of  the  21st  century Bawden  (2001),  David  (2009),  Selwyn  (2010),  Schiefner-­‐Rohs  (2011) Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 5. Implementation  in  teacher   education? http://www.flickr.com/photos/adesigna/5544094922/sizes/l/in/photostream/ Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 6. Research  Questions (1) What  is  digital  critical  literacy?   (2) How  is  this  literacy  implemented  in  teacher education?  What  do  students  and  experts  in teacher  educations  say?   (3) What  is  written  in  curricula  and  other  documents  of   teacher  education?   Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 7. theoretical  framework   media  literacy digital  literacy http://www.flickr.com/photos/virtualpixel/5027724994/sizes/l/in/photostream/ (critical)  use  of  media e.g.  Buffington  (2004),  Kübler  (2006),  Niesyto  (2008) critical  thinking e.g.  Facione  &  Facione  (2000),  Paul  (2005) information  literacy  from   different  perspectives e.g.  Bawden  (2001),  Bättig  (2005) Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 8. Methodology: explorative  study   with  mixed methods http://www.flickr.com/photos/streetart-­‐berlin/5909483678/sizes/l/in/photostream/ 1 Re-­‐Analysis  of  existing   students   studies  in  the  field  media   literacy  in  Germany  for   teacher  students own  questionnaire   universities   2 Samstag, 12. November 2011 explorative  case  study
  • 9. students  questionnaire http://www.flickr.com/photos/shahdi/5568051608/sizes/l/in/photostream/ some  figures  from  Germany 1 Samstag, 12. November 2011 Schiefner-­‐Rohs,  2011
  • 10. digital  teaching  and  learning  sessions   ! in  teacher  education   (Kleimann  et  al.,  2008,  Schiefner-­‐Rohs,  2011) virtual  labs online  live  lectures   virtual  seminars  and  tutorates  with  virtual   coopera.on interac.ve  teaching online  learning  materials yes no I  don‘t  know ! !""#$%&$'()(*+,-$'(-./*-$(0$1*23(-.+,,*+)$4-56+0*//*23(-6-.3-6$ N  =  527   ual  labs 12. November 2011 online  learning  materials Samstag,!
  • 11. use  of  digital  media  in  teacher   education  (Kleimann  et  al.,  2008,  Schiefner-­‐Rohs,  2011) ! o9en some&mes seldom never I  don‘t  know   N  =  527   ! Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 12. =8#0,$ !#*$ >*")"/78#.$ ?.(@*0,)"@./A$ 2.!$ B#!"#.>@0<#)#.9$ -,6#.$ CD$ E#(#*#.!,*#$ ,.F$ !,92$ 34#."-5$6"/$3."78)/5$"0$;)2!"20$#*'#6)$92$8,6#.F$GD$;)2!"#*#.!#$&2H#*.$/"78$<@/")"I:$B#8*$,'/$ estimation  of  integration  by  students !"#$ %&'()#$ !#*$ +#(*,-)#.$ JDKL$ -,6$ ,.F$ !,//$ /"#$ %@78/782''#8*#.!#$ #*'#6)$ 8,)F$ !"#$ I#*/278)$ 8,6#.F$#".#$>*")"/78#$%,')2.-$"0$;)2!"20$92$I#*0"))#'.$JI-':$166:$MNL:$$ The  cri&cal  use  of  digital  media  for  teaching  and   learning  was  topic  in  my  study  programe There  are  university  teachers  which  are  interested  in   teaching  cri&cal  digital  literacy  and  the  evalua&on  of   media   Teaching  digital  literacy  and  media  competence  was   topic  in  my  study  courses Cri&cal  informa&on-­‐  and  media  literacy  was  topic  in  my   study  course strongly   agree agree less  agree disagree no  answer $ N  =  101   Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 13. Case  Study 2  institutions  of  teacher  education   Triangulation  of  methods  (Flick,  2004a,  2008;  Treumann,  2005) Content  analysis  of  documents  in  teacher  education  of   2  universities   http://www.flickr.com/photos/en321/19360914/sizes/o/in/photostream/ expert  interviews  of  professors  in   teacher  education(Meuser  &  Nagel,  1991) Samstag, 12. November 2011 2
  • 14. some  results (Critical)  digital  literacy  mainly  is   found  in  descriptions  of  some   courses,  seldom  in  study   http://www.flickr.com/photos/pixeltree/5621338552/sizes/l/in/photostream/ regulations  or  examination   regulations strong  influence  of  teachers  and   the  learning  culture  in  teacher   education Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 15. Limitation  of  the  study  /  future  research http://www.flickr.com/photos/auntiep/3574503134/sizes/z/in/photostream/ no  analysis  of  teaching   and  learning  situations   self-­‐evaluation  of   students only  2  cases  of   teacher  education Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 16. http://www.flickr.com/photos/adesigna/2206652033/sizes/l/in/set-72157603596964654/ but:  challanges teaching  universitiy  teachers adress  formal  learning  processes   in  teacher  education Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 17. http://www.flickr.com/photos/shawnecono/232647148/sizes/l/in/photostream/ So  efforts  must  be  made  in   faculty  development  to  integrate   digital  critical  literacy  in  teacher   education  and  so  in  the   educational  system.     Samstag, 12. November 2011
  • 18. http://www.flickr.com/photos/twicepix/1071474089/sizes/l/in/photo Thank  you Questions? Mandy  Rohs University  of  Duisburg-­‐Essen Educational  Media  and  Knowledge  Management mandy.rohs@uni-­‐due.de http://www.2headz.ch http://www.twitter.com/mschiefner   Samstag, 12. November 2011