This document contains a table of contents and sections summarizing Spanish grammar concepts including nationalities, stem changers, para, indirect object pronouns, object pronoun placement, gustar, affirmative and negative words, superlatives, reflexives, tú commands, sequencing events, and days of the week. It provides definitions, examples, and conjugations of key terms to explain Spanish grammar rules in a concise yet comprehensive manner.

1. Grammar
Book
By: Cameron Shockey

2. Table of Contents
1) Nationalities
2) Stem Changers
3) Para
4) Indirect object Pronouns
5) Object Pronoun Placement
6) Gustar
7) Affirmative and Negative Words
8) Superlative
9) Reflexives
10) Affirmative tū Commands/Irregular/Pronoun
Placement
11) Negative tū Commands/Irregulars/Pronoun
Placement
12) Sequencing Events

3. Nationalities

4. Stem Changer
Dormir o ue Pedir e i
duermo
pido
dormimos
pedemos
duermes dormis
pides pedis
duerme duermen
pide piden
Pensar e ie
pienso pensamos
piensas pensais
piensa piensan

5. Para
 Para means “for”
 Indicates the recipients of an item
-Compro el regalo para tu mama
 Indicates a purpose
- Vamos al resturante para comer
 Indicates an implied purpose
-Tengo dinero para(comprar) algo

6. Indirect Object Pronouns
 Indirect Objects are nouns that tell to
whom/what or for whom/what
 Indirect Object pronouns replace or
accompany indirect objects
me nos
te os
le les

7. Object Pronoun Placement
 Attach the pronoun to the infinitive
 Attach the pronoun to a progressive tense
 Attach the pronoun to an affirmative
command
 Place the pronoun before a conjugated
verb

8. Gustar
 Gustarmeans “to like/enjoy”
 No goes before the IOP
 You can’t separate the IOP from gustar
gusto gustamos
gustas gustaís
gusta gustan

9. Affirmative and Negative
Words

10. Superlatives
 The suffix –ísimo, ísimos, ísima, ísimas are added to adjectives
and adverbs
 It’s equivalent to extremely or very before an adjective or
adverb
 malo → malísimo
 muchas→muchísimas
 difícil→ dificilísimo
 Adjectives and adverbs ending in c,g,or z change spelling to
qu, gu, and c respectively
 rico→ riquísimo
 larga→larguísima
 feliz→felicísimo
 Adjectives that end in –n or –r form by adding –císimola
 joven→ jovencísimo
 trabajador→ trabajadorcísimo

11. Reflexives
 Reflect on yourself
 The subject is also the object
 The subject, the pronoun, and the verb are all in the same form
EX: Yo me levanto a las ocho de la noche.
me nos despierto despertamos
+
te os despiertas despertais
se se despierta despiertan

12. Affirmative tū
Commands/Irregular/Pronoun
Placement
Affirmative tu Commands
Irregulars 1) drop the “s”
Tener - di, haz, ve, pon, sal, se, ten, ven
Venir
Dar/Decir
Ir Pronoun Placement
Ser 1) Infinitive
2) Gerund (ing)
Hacer
3) Before Congugated
Estar Verb
Saber/Salir 4) Affirmative command

13. Negative tū
Command/Irregular/Pronoun
Placement
Negative tū Command
Irregular 1) Put in “yo”
2) Change vowel
No tengas ar→e er,ir→a
No vengas 3) Add the “s”
No des/digas
No vayas
No sea Pronoun Placement
1) Infinitive
No hagas 2) Gerund (ing)
No estes 3) Before Congugated
No sepas/salgas Verb
4) Affirmative command

14. Sequencing Events
Primero entonces Luego/despues Por fin
first then after finally
Antes de Despues de
before after
Por la manana Por la tarde Por la noche
In/during the morning In/during the afternoon In/during the night
Los lunes, martes, miercoles, jueves, viernes, sabado, domingo
Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays, Fridays, Saturdays Sundays