This document outlines a tobacco prevention program for adolescents. It discusses literature showing that counseling can help teens quit smoking. Two existing programs, N.O.T. and E.N.D., are described which provide cessation support through education. The proposed program will implement the 8-session E.N.D. curriculum at a local high school and include a parent session. Effectiveness will be evaluated through pre, post and follow-up surveys to assess changes in students' tobacco opinions and habits.

1. Granite Peaks Tobacco
Prevention
By: Morgan Marietti

2. Literature Review- Motivations of
Behaviors
● Counseling about
smoking can help
adolescents quit smoking
● Adolescents smoke for the
same reasons adults do:
○ Nicotine Dependence
○ Affective Control
(Interpretations of stress)
○ As adolescents take on their
role as adults, they are more
likely to succeed in quitting
smoking
(Singleton & Pope, 2000)

3. Literature Review Cont'd- Similiar Study
Stages of Change Model Program Outcomes:
● Adolescents were placed in ● Adolescent smokers are
groups. less likely to quit
● Each group was educated by ● Smoking cessation is rare
either a Nurse or a Dentist
among adolescents when
● Three Groups were formed:
Nurse, Dentist and Control parents smoke as well.
● A video was shown to the ● Adolescents who were
Nurse and Dentist group as counseled by health
well as a survey was given to professionals had
the nurse and dentist group. an increased
● The control group was given a rate in smoking
single leaflet on quitting cessation.
smoking
(Heikkinen, Broms, Pitkaniemi, Koskenvuo, & Meurman, 2009)

4. N.O.T. Program
● From the American Lung Association Not On Tobacco (N.
O.T.) is a state-of-the-art, school-based program that
provides assistance to teens who wish to quit smoking.
○ 10-sessions focusing on:
■ The quitting process
■ Preventing relapse
● A gender-sensitive program implemented by teachers,
counselors, nurses or health educators.
Outcome:
Early findings show significant
reduction and cessation among
teens, as well as higher school
grades and enhanced self-esteem
and a 21% quit rate.
(American Lung Association, 2008)

5. E.N.D. Program-Overview
● E.N.D. is a tobacco cessation program developed by
the Utah Department of Health (UDH) for teens, and it
focuses on:
○ Benefits of tobacco cessation
○ Quitting skills
○ Healthy lifestyle skills
○ Skills to maintain tobacco reduction/cessation status
○ Information on the dynamics of addiction
○ Peer support
● An 8-session curriculum that is not gender specific and
is usually implemented by health educators in various
settings.
(Utah Department of Health, 2007)

6. E.N.D. Program- Effectiveness
● The E.N.D. Program is effective not only with youth who
want to quit, but also with those who enter the program
involuntarily.
■ Youth are learning skills they can draw upon when
they are ready to quit.
■ As of 2007, over 6,000 Utah youth have been E.N.D.
participants.
● Annual E.N.D. evaluations show that the program is
effective in meeting its designated goals.
■ Average reduction rate: 50.1%
■ Tried to quit since starting the E.N.D. program- 49%
■ Recommendation rate: 64.6%
(Utah Department of Health, 2007)

7. Program Goals
● Increase program participants' knowledge and awareness
of immediate and long term health and social effects of
tobacco use.
■ After the program 100% of the program participants will
understand the risk factors associated with tobacco use.
● Improve the life-skills functioning of youth through skill
building in the areas of:
○ Stress management
○ Communication and refusal skills
○ Identifying and seeking social support
○ Goal setting
■ After the program 80% of students will have the knowledge
to make improved life decisions.
(Utah Department of Health, 2007)

8. Program Goals Cont'd
● Improve skills to help participants quit tobacco use and
remain tobacco free.
○ After our program 60% of participants will have increased
their number of attempts to quit using tobacco.
● Parents will walk away from parent teacher conferences
with educational resources to help the parents and their
students prevent or reduce the use of tobacco.
○ 40% of parents will have the knowledge to take the steps to
prevent or reduce their use of tobacco.
(Utah Department of Health, 2007)

9. Logic Model

10. Our Program
● We will partner with The South Salt Lake Coalition for Drug
Free Youth(SSL-Drug Free) to implement the E.N.D.
curriculum.
● 8 week course:
○ 1 hour sessions (7:30am-8:30am)
○ Every Monday beginning February 14th
○ Held at Granite Peaks High School
○ Classroom setting
● By partnering with the SSL-Drug Free, we will share
responsibility of teaching 4 of the 8 modules.

11. Our Program Cont'd
Parent Teacher Conferences:
● February 17th from 4-7pm
● Held at Granite Peaks High
School
● Our booth:
○ Visuals
○ Handouts
○ Resources for them to
take home

12. What Topics will be Covered?
● Module 1: Introduction and Getting to Know Each Other
○ Distribute pre-test questionnaire and describe the
program.
● Module 2: Moving Closer to Quitting
○ Discuss what is in cigarette smoke, and different quitting
methods.
● Module 3: Dealing With My Stress
○ Discuss consequences of using tobacco, the high cost of
smoking, benefits of quitting and coping and stress
management.
● Module 4: Communicating Effectively
○ Discuss communication styles and ways to communicate
more effectively
(Utah Department of Health, 2007)

13. What Topics will be Covered Cont'd
● Module 5: Making Tough Decisions
○ Discuss decision making and problem solving, and
coping with triggers.
● Module 6: Understanding Media Messages
○ Discuss media literacy and show examples of
how tobacco companies target youth.
● Module 7: Nutrition and Exercise
○ Introduction to nutrition and physical activity
● Module 8: Remaining Tobacco Free
○ Tips to avoid relapse and post-test questionnaire.
(Utah Department of Health, 2007)

14. Supplies and Resources Needed
● Supplies:
○ Copies of the E.N.D. Pre and Post Test Questionnaires,
a laptop, E,N.D. PowerPoint presentation slides, a
projector, and any supplies needed for E.N.D. related
activities.
● Resources:
○ South Salt Coalition for Drug Free Youth
○ Kathy Baebler from the SLVHD
○ Principal Callahan at Granite Peaks High
○ E.N.D. Facilitator Manual
○ Utah Quit Line

15. Evaluation Plan
● The E.N.D. Program pre-class questionnaire will be
completed in the 1st module.
○ 34 questions
● The E.N.D. Program post-class questionnaire will be
completed in the 8th module.
○ 21 questions
● The E.N.D. Program also includes a 3 and 6 month follow
up questionnaire.
○ These questionnaires include:
■ Background information, questions regarding
cigarette smoking, quit attempts, smokeless tobacco,
cigars, support for quitting, exposure to tobacco use
and opinions about tobacco use.

16. Evaluation Plan Cont'd
Questionnaires will be completed in a classroom setting:
○ Each student will be assigned a number
○ We will fill out the top corner box of each pre-test and
post-test prior to passing out surveys to students
■ Pass surveys out, the number on the survey should
match the student's number
○ Explain the survey
○ Allow time for participants to complete the survey
○ Collect the completed survey
We will use the statistical database SPSS to analyze our
findings.
○ We will compare the results of pre and post test to
analyze if the students changed their opinions and
habits involving tobacco use.

17. References
● American Lung Association. (2008). Not On Tobacco. Washington
DC.
● Heikkinen, A., Broms, U., Pitkaniemi, J., Koskenvuo, M., &
Meurman, J. (2009). Key Factors in Smoking Cessation Intervention
among 15-16-Year-Olds. Behavioral Medicine, 35(3), 93-99. Retrieved
from EBSCOhost.
● Singleton, M. G., & Pope, M. (2000). A Comparison of Successful
Smoking Cessation Interventions for Adults and Adolescents. Journal
of Counseling & Development, 78(4), 448-53. Retrieved from
EBSCOhost.
● Utah Department of Health. (2007). End Nicotine Dependence. Salt
Lake City.