Study Notes for Seton History 5, Chapter 4

1. James Madison Fourth president 1809-1817 Had problems with both England & France England was worse They impressed (forced them into) Americans into the English Navy

2. War HawksWanted to go to war with England John C. Calhoun Henry Clay

3. Indian Trouble In 1811 Tecumseh, a Shawnee Indian, organized a league of tribes to keep white people out of tribal lands. General William Henry Harrison attacked and burned Tecumseh’s village when he was away. General William Henry Harrison Tecumseh

4. War of 1812America’s Second War for Independence June 18, 1812 war declared against England Began with an unsuccessful invasion of Canada

5. The Star Spangled Banner Francis Scott Key wrote this poem while on a British ship during a battle in Boston Harbor He knew that while the bombs sounded that the Americans had not given up Fort McHenry In the morning he saw the American flag still flew above the fort! Later the poem would become our national anthem

6. America’s Navy War began to gain freedom of the seas, and the Navy had more success than the army Privateers: America captured many merchant ships, and converted some to warships by mounting cannons on the deck.

7. Old Ironsides The Constitution was commanded by Captain Isaac Hull The ship defeated the Guerriere and Java with little damage

8. The Battle of Lake Erie “We have met the enemy and they are ours” Oliver Hazard Perry was made a commodore without a fleet He and his men built their own fleet of ships With only nine boats he managed to defeat the British on Lake Erie

9. The Battle of New Orleans The British wanted to control the Mississippi River by capturing New Orleans General Andrew Jackson commanded the Americans Protected by cotton bales, surrounding the city, they were able to shoot down 2,000 troops The battle was won, but the war had already ended in weeks before.

10. James Monroe The Federalist party disappeared with his election The Democratic-Republican party was the only political party in America “The Era of Good Feeling” was a time when Americans felt a sense of nationalism and happiness

11. Monroe Doctrine 1823 Nations of Europe must not try to conquer independent countries in America They could keep the colonies that they already had, but not add new ones The United States would not interfere with European affairs

12. Bishop John England Established first Catholic newspaper Founded a school for American boys & girls

13. Growing Pains The North favored high tariffs, but the South & the West wanted low tariffs Factory owners paid low wages to workers instead of having slaves Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, which made cotton farming & the need for slaves important

14. John Quincy Adams The sixth president Only one political party, the Democratic-Republican party existed Four of these members wanted to be president Andrew Jackson had the most votes but not the majority The House of Representatives chose JQ Adams to be president Jackson was mad & did everything he could to make Adams’ presidency look bad