4. Vocabulary
• Volcano-
– Lava and pyroclastoc material built up on the
earth’s surface around a vent.
5. Vocabulary
• Volcano-
– Lava and pyroclastoc material built up on the
earth’s surface around a vent.
• Volcanism-
6. Vocabulary
• Volcano-
– Lava and pyroclastoc material built up on the
earth’s surface around a vent.
• Volcanism-
– Any activity that includes the movement of
magma toward or onto the earth’s surface.
7. Vocabulary
• Volcano-
– Lava and pyroclastoc material built up on the
earth’s surface around a vent.
• Volcanism-
– Any activity that includes the movement of
magma toward or onto the earth’s surface.
• Vent-
8. Vocabulary
• Volcano-
– Lava and pyroclastoc material built up on the
earth’s surface around a vent.
• Volcanism-
– Any activity that includes the movement of
magma toward or onto the earth’s surface.
• Vent-
– Opening through which molten rock flows onto
the earth’s surface.
9. Vocabulary
• Magma-
– Liquid rock produced deep inside the earth
• Lava-
– Magma that reaches the earth’s surface
• Fissures-
– Cracks through which lava flows
• Hot Spots-
– Areas of volcanism within plates
11. Notes
1. Most of the asthenosphere remains solid,
because of the great pressure of the
surrounding rock
12. Notes
1. Most of the asthenosphere remains solid,
because of the great pressure of the
surrounding rock
13. Notes
1. Most of the asthenosphere remains solid,
because of the great pressure of the
surrounding rock
i. Magma forms when mantle material flows to
areas of lower pressure, or when fluids such as
water are added
15. Notes
2. Volcanism involves any activity that includes
the movement of magma toward or onto the
Earth’s surface
16. Notes
2. Volcanism involves any activity that includes
the movement of magma toward or onto the
Earth’s surface
17. Notes
2. Volcanism involves any activity that includes
the movement of magma toward or onto the
Earth’s surface
a. Lava is magma that erupts onto the Earth’s surface
18. Notes
2. Volcanism involves any activity that includes
the movement of magma toward or onto the
Earth’s surface
a. Lava is magma that erupts onto the Earth’s surface
i. Vent- the opening that molten rock flows
through to reach the surface
19. Notes
2. Volcanism involves any activity that includes
the movement of magma toward or onto the
Earth’s surface
a. Lava is magma that erupts onto the Earth’s surface
i. Vent- the opening that molten rock flows
through to reach the surface
ii. Volcano- the structure formed by the vent and
volcanic material that builds up around the vent
23. Notes Con’t
3. Major Volcanic Zones
a. Subduction Zones
i. When an oceanic and a continental plate meet,
the oceanic plate, the oceanic plate subducts,
because it is more dense
24. Notes Con’t
3. Major Volcanic Zones
a. Subduction Zones
i. When an oceanic and a continental plate meet,
the oceanic plate, the oceanic plate subducts,
because it is more dense
ii. The subducted plate dives deep into the
asthenosphere, causing water to combine with
nearby mantle material
25. Notes Con’t
3. Major Volcanic Zones
a. Subduction Zones
i. When an oceanic and a continental plate meet,
the oceanic plate, the oceanic plate subducts,
because it is more dense
ii. The subducted plate dives deep into the
asthenosphere, causing water to combine with
nearby mantle material
iii. This forms magma
26. Notes Con’t
3. Major Volcanic Zones
a. Subduction Zones
i. When an oceanic and a continental plate meet,
the oceanic plate, the oceanic plate subducts,
because it is more dense
ii. The subducted plate dives deep into the
asthenosphere, causing water to combine with
nearby mantle material
iii. This forms magma
iv. Some magma erupts through the Earth’s surface
forming:
27. Notes Con’t
3. Major Volcanic Zones
a. Subduction Zones
i. When an oceanic and a continental plate meet,
the oceanic plate, the oceanic plate subducts,
because it is more dense
ii. The subducted plate dives deep into the
asthenosphere, causing water to combine with
nearby mantle material
iii. This forms magma
iv. Some magma erupts through the Earth’s surface
forming:
1. Volcanic mountains- where a continental plate
collides with an oceanic plate
28. Notes Con’t
3. Major Volcanic Zones
a. Subduction Zones
i. When an oceanic and a continental plate meet,
the oceanic plate, the oceanic plate subducts,
because it is more dense
ii. The subducted plate dives deep into the
asthenosphere, causing water to combine with
nearby mantle material
iii. This forms magma
iv. Some magma erupts through the Earth’s surface
forming:
1. Volcanic mountains- where a continental plate
collides with an oceanic plate
2. Island arcs- where two oceanic plates collide
31. Notes
b. Mid-Ocean Ridges
i. As the plates pull apart, magma wells up
along the rift zone
1. The magma adds new lithosphere to the ridge
32. Notes
b. Mid-Ocean Ridges
i. As the plates pull apart, magma wells up
along the rift zone
1. The magma adds new lithosphere to the ridge
33. Notes
b. Mid-Ocean Ridges
i. As the plates pull apart, magma wells up
along the rift zone
1. The magma adds new lithosphere to the ridge
c. Hot Spots
34. Notes
b. Mid-Ocean Ridges
i. As the plates pull apart, magma wells up
along the rift zone
1. The magma adds new lithosphere to the ridge
c. Hot Spots
i. Volcanoes that do not form at plate
boundaries
35. Notes
b. Mid-Ocean Ridges
i. As the plates pull apart, magma wells up
along the rift zone
1. The magma adds new lithosphere to the ridge
c. Hot Spots
i. Volcanoes that do not form at plate
boundaries
ii. Hot spot is beneath the lithospheric plate,
and the plate moves over it