1. SEMINAR
ON
BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY
Presented by : Quraishi.M.Shoeb
Alimuddin
Roll no: A-05
Electronic engineering
Terna polytechnic.
Navi mumbai.
2012-13

2. Contents
> What is bluetooth?
> History .
> How this technology
work?
> Protocols.
> Application.
> Example.
> Advantages.
> Disadvantages.
> Future of bluetooth
technology.
> Conclusion .

3. What is bluetooth
Bluetooth is a technology standard for exchanging data over
short distances . Bluetooth technology eliminates the need for
numerous and inconvenient cable attachments This technology
enable users to automatically &
easily connect a wide range of
computing & telecommunication
devices.Bluetooth makes
wireless communication and
networking between devices in a
small localized area.In bluetooth
all the conections between
devices are occuring immediately and invisible.Bluetooth is
actually a standard for wireless communications between device
with in a range of 10 metres.
Bluetooth is a proprietary open wireless technology standard for
exchanging data over short distances (using short-wavelength
radio transmissions in the ISM band from 2400–2480 MHz) from
fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks (PANs)
with high levels of security. Created by telecoms
vendor Ericsson in 1994, it was originally conceived as a wireless

4. alternative to RS-232 data cables. It can connect several devices,
overcoming problems of synchronization.
Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group,
which has more than 17,000 member companies in the areas of
telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer
electronics. The SIG oversees the development of the
specification, manages the qualification program, and protects the
trademarks. To be marketed as a Bluetooth device, it must
be qualified to standards defined by the SIG.[citation needed] A
network of patents is required to implement the technology and
are licensed only for those qualifying devices.
History:
It was taken from the 10th century danish king harald blatand
who unified denmark & norway.In 1994 ericsson study on a
wireless technology to link mobile phones accessories.In 1997
intel agree to collaborate.5 comanies joined to from the
bluetooth the special interst group (SIG) in 1998.Bluetooth
SIG formed –ericsson ,intel,ibm,nokia,toshiba.first
specification released in july 1999.
Harald I Bluetooth (Danish Harald Blåtand) was the King of
Denmark between 940 and 985 AD. The name "Blåtand" was
probably taken from two old Danish words, 'blå' meaning dark
skinned and 'tan' meaning great man. He was born in 910 as
the son of King Grom The Old (King of Jutland, the main
peninsula of Denmark) and his wife Thyre Danebold (daughter
of King Ethelred of England). Like many Vikings, Harald

5. considered it honorable to fight for treasure in foreign lands.
When Harald's sister Gunhild was widowed after the death of
the violent Norwegian king Erik Blood Axe, she came to
Denmark to seek Harald's help in securing control of Norway.
Harald took the opportunity to seize control himself. By 960 he
was at the height of his powers, ruling over both Denmark and
Norway. He was baptized by a priest named Poppo, sent by
the German emperor. He then created a monument that read:
"King Harald raised this monument to the memory of Grom his
father and Thyre his mother. Harald conquered all of Denmark
and Norway and made the Danes Christian". These words
were also carved in stone called rune stones. Harald was
killed in a battle in 985. Harald completed the country's
unification begun by his father, converted the Danes to
Christianity, and conquered Norway. The expansion begun by
Harald in Norway was continued by his son Sweyn I, who
conquered England in 1013. Under Sweyn's son Canute there
grew up a great Anglo-Scandinavian kingdom that included
parts of Sweden.
Old Harald Bluetooth united Denmark and Norway, Bluetooth
of today will unite the worlds of computers and telecom
(hopefully longer than the few years Harald's Viking kingdom
survived). In 1994 Ericsson Mobile Communications initiated a
study to investigate the feasibility of a low-power low-cost
radio interface between mobile phones and their accessories.
In Feb 1998, five companies Ericsson, Nokia, IBM, Toshiba
and Intel formed a Special Interest Group (SIG). The group
contained the necessary business sector members - two
market leaders in mobile telephony, two market leaders in
laptop computing and a market leader in digital signal
processing technology. In 2002, Bluetooth was a built-in
feature in more than 100 million mobile phones and several
million communication devices ranging from handsets and
portable PCs to desktop computers and notebooks.

6. How bluetooth technology
work ?
Bluetooth is a high-speed, low-power microwave wireless link
technology, designed to connect phones, laptops, PDAs and
other portable equipment together with little or no work by the
user. Unlike infra-red, Bluetooth does not require line-of-sight
positioning of connected units. The technology uses modifications
of existing wireless LAN techniques but is most notable for its
small size and low cost. The current prototype circuits are
contained on a circuit board 0.9cm square, with a much smaller
single chip version in development. The cost of the device is
expected to fall very fast, from $20 initially to $5 in a year or two.
It is envisioned that Bluetooth will be included within equipment
rather than being an optional extra. When one Bluetooth product
comes within range of another, (this can be set to between 10cm
and 100m) they automatically exchange address and capability
details. They can then establish a 1 megabit/s link (up to 2 Mbps
in the second generation of the technology) with security and
error correction, to use as required. The protocols will handle both
voice and data, with a very flexible network topography.
This technology achieves its goal by embedding tiny, inexpensive,
short-range transceivers into the electronic devices that are
available today. The radio operates on the globally-available
unlicensed radio band, 2.45 GHz (meaning there will be no
hindrance for international travelers using Bluetooth-enabled
equipment.), and supports data speeds of up to 721 Kbps, as well
as three voice channels. The bluetooth modules can be either
built into electronic devices or used as an adaptor. For instance in
a PC they can be built in as a PC card or externally attached via
the USB port

7. Each device has a unique 48-bit address from the IEEE 802
standard. Connections can be point-to-point or multipoint. The
maximum range is 10 meters but can be extended to 100 meters
by increasing the power. Bluetooth devices are protected from
radio interference by changing their frequencies arbitrarily upto a
maximum of 1600 times a second, a technique known as
frequency hopping. They also use three different but
complimentary error correction schemes. Built-in encryption and
verification is provided.
Moreover, Bluetooth devices won't drain precious battery life. The
Bluetooth specification targets power consumption of the device
from a "hold" mode consuming 30 micro amps to the active
transmitting range of 8-30 milliamps (or less than 1/10th of a
watt). The radio chip consumers only 0.3mA in standby mode,
which is less than 3 % of the power used by a standard mobile
phone. The chips also have excellent power-saving features, as
they will automatically shift to a low-power mode as soon as traffic
volume lessens or stops.

8. Protocol:
Bluetooth protocols are sets of commands and processes that
are used to manage the transfer of data or information through
wireless communication links, services, and applications. The
Bluetooth system has adapted several application protocols and
created new protocols to allow for the setup and coordination of
Bluetooth devices.
Application Protocols - are commands and procedures used by
software programs to perform operations using information or
messages that are received from or sent to other sources (such
as a user at a keyboard). Application protocols are independent of
the underlying technologies and communication protocols. Some

9. of the popular application protocols that are used include RS-232
serial data connection, point-to-point protocol (PPP), object
exchange (OBEX), and telephone call control protocol Q.931.
This figure shows how the Bluetooth system uses standard
industry protocols to connect to standard communication
applications. In this example, a laptop computer is communicating
with a wireless mouse, a personal digital assistant (PDA) and an
access node using a single WPAN PCMCIA card. When
communicating with the mouse, the laptop uses the standard RS232 protocol. When transferring (exchanging) items between an
address book stored in the laptop and an address book stored in
the PDA, it uses the standard Object Exchange (OBEX) protocol.
To connect to the Internet, the laptop connects through an access
node to a router using standard point-to-point protocol (PPP). This
diagram shows that the PPP connection is only part of the
communication link that reaches an email server that is connected
to the Internet. The computer uses standard simple mail transfer
protocol (SMTP) to send and retrieve email messages. The
cordless telephone uses Q.931 telephony call signaling protocol.

10. Application:
Bluetooth has a tremendous potential in moving and
synchronizing information in a localized setting. Potential for
Bluetooth applications is huge, because we transact business and
communicate more with people who are close by than with those
who are far away - a natural phenomenon of human interaction.
The following list represents only a small set of potential
applications - in future many more imaginative applications will
come along:
By installing a Bluetooth network in your office you can do
away with the complex and tedious taskof networking
between the computing devices, yet have the power of
connected devices. No longer would you be bound to fixed
locations where you can connect to the network. Each
Bluetooth device could be connected to 200 other devices
making the connection of every device with every other
possible. Since it supports both point to point and point to
multipoint it will virtually make the maximum number of
simultaneously linked devices unlimited.
The Bluetooth technology connects all your office
peripherals wirelessly. Connect your PC or notebook to
printers, scanners and faxes without the ugly and trouble
some cable attachments. You can increase your freedom by
connecting your mouse or the keyboard wirelessly to your
computer.
If your digital cameras in Bluetooth enabled, you can send
still or video images from any location to any location without
the hassle of connecting your camera to the mobile phone
on the wireline phone.

11. Bluetooth allows us to have three way phones. At home,
your phone functions as a portable phone (fixed line charge).
When you're on the move, it functions as a mobile phone
(cellular charge). And when your phone comes within range
of another mobile phone with built-in Bluetooth wireless
technology it functions as a walkie-talkie (no telephony
charge).
In meetings and conferences you can transfer selected
documents instantly with selected participants, and
exchange electronic business cards automatically, without
any wired connections.
Connect your wireless headset to your mobile phone, mobile
computer or any wired connection to keep your hands free
for more important tasks when you're at the office or in your
car.
Have automatic synchronization of your desktop, mobile
computer, notebook (PC-PDA and PC-HPC) and your
mobile phone. For instance, as soon as you enter your office
the address list and calendar in your notebook will
automatically be updated to agree with the one in your
desktop, or vice versa.
Automatic Message Delivery: Compose e-mails on your
portable PC while you're on an airplane. As soon as you've
landed and switched on your mobile phone, all messages
are immediately sent.
Upon arriving at your home, the door automatically unlocks
for you, the entry way lights come on, and the heat is
adjusted to your pre-set preferences.
IBM researchers are working on a number of personal
devices like a WatchPad that could be connected with other

12. devices through Bluetooth. The Watch Pad is very thin and
contains 8MB of RAM. They are also working on a version of
CyberPhone called CyberPhone - that can project data onto
a small mirror. The CyberPhone can show as much
information as a small PDA because of high resolution VGA
screen.
Personal security application on mobile phones for
vention of theft or loss of items. The protected item has a
Bluetooth marker (e.g. a tag) that is in constant
communication with the phone. If the connection is broken
(the marker is out of range of the phone) then an alarm is
raised. This can also be used as a man overboard alarm. A
product using this technology has been available since 2009

13. Example:
Pc
Keyboard
Mouse
Printer
Headset
Dg –camera
i-pod

14. Advantage:
Bluetooth has a lot to offer with an increasingly difficult market
place. Bluetooth helps to bring
with it the promise of freedom from the cables and simplicity in
networking that has yet to be matched by LAN (Local Area
Network).
In the key marketplace, of wireless and handheld devices, the
closest competitor to Bluetooth is
infrared. Infrared holds many key features, although the line of
sight it provides doesn't go through walls or through obstacles like
that of the Bluetooth technology.
Unlike infrared, Bluetooth isn't a line of sight and it provides
ranges of up to 100 meters. Bluetooth is also low power and low
processing with an overhead protocol. What this means, is that
it's ideal for integration into small battery powered devices. To put
it short, the applications with Bluetooth are virtually endless.
Have to know more about bluetooth now ? I will give you a 10
benefits of using and choosing bluetooth for application.
Below, are 10 benefits and reasons to use Bluetooth
technology.
1. Wireless
As you probably already know, there are many benefits and
advantages to using wireless devices. Along with improving safety
as a result of eliminating wires you don't need, wireless also
offers you plenty of other advantages. When traveling with your
laptop or other wireless devices, you'll no longer have to worry
about bringing connection cables.

15. 2. Bluetooth is actually inexpensive
The technology of Bluetooth is cheap for companies to
implement, which results in lower costs for the company. These
savings are then passed from the company on to you.
3. Bluetooth is automatic
Bluetooth doesn't have you set up a connection or push any
buttons. When two or more devices enter a range of up to 30 feet
of each other, they will automatically begin to communicate
without you having to do anything.
4. Standardized protocol
Bluetooth is standardized wireless, meaning that a high level of
compatibility among devices is
guaranteed. Bluetooth will connect devices to each other, even if
they aren't the same model.
5. Low interference
Bluetooth devices almost always avoid interference from other
wireless devices. Bluetooth uses a technique known as frequency
hopping, and also low power wireless signals.
6. Low energy consumption
As a result of Bluetooth using low power signals, the technology
requires very little energy and will use less battery or electrical
power as a result. This is an excellent benefit for mobile devices,
as Bluetooth won't drain the battery.
7. Sharing voice and data
The standard for Bluetooth will allow compatible devices to share

16. data and voice communications. This is great for mobile phones
and headsets, as Bluetooth simplifies driving and talking on your
cell phone.
8. Instant PAN (Personal Area Network)
You can connect up to seven Bluetooth devices to each other
within a range of up to 30 feet, forming a piconet or PAN. For a
single room, you can
also set up multiple piconets.
9. Upgradeable
Upgradeable is the standard for Bluetooth. There are newer
versions of Bluetooth in the works,
which offer many new advantages and backward compatible with
older versions.
10. The technology stays
Bluetooth technology is a world wide, universal wireless standard.
With it being as popular as
it is, you can count on it being around for years to come. As more
and more devices start to use
Bluetooth technology, more manufacturers will be eager to make
their products compatible. A chain reaction will occur, making
Bluetooth the standard for cutting edge wireless.

17. Disadvantages :
Bluetooth has several positive features and one would be
extremely hard pressed to find downsides when given the
current competition. The only real downsides are the data rate
and security. Infrared can have data rates of up to 4 MBps,
which provides very fast rates for data transfer, while Bluetooth
only offers 1 MBps.
For this very reason, infrared has yet to be dispensed with
completely and is considered by
many to be the complimentary technology to that of Bluetooth.
Infrared has inherent security due to its line of sight. The
greater range and radio frequency (RF) of Bluetooth make it
much more open to interception and attack. For this reason,
security is a very key aspect to the Bluetooth specification.
Although there are very few disadvantages, Bluetooth still
remains the best for short range wireless technology. Those
who have tried it love it, and they know for a fact that Bluetooth
will be around for years to come.

18. Future of bluetooth
technology: What’s
the future for Bluetooth
Bluetooth has a good future ahead
because it meets a basic need of
connectivity in close proximity, is
the result of initiatives of nine
leading communications and
computer industry vendors including
companies like 3-COM, Ericsson,
Lucent, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Nokia,
Toshiba etc. Since the formation of
the original group, more than 1800 manufacturers worldwide have
joined the initiative worldwide. According to one market research
report, Bluetooth technology is expected to be built into over 100
millions devices before the end of 2002. According to still another
report from market research firm Cahners In-Stat Group, there will
be over 670 million Bluetooth enabled devices worldwide by 2005.
As a result of success of WAP (Wireless Application Protocol),
adoption of smart phones and handheld devices, Bluetooth will
have tremendous effects on everyday life. Bluetooth is one of the
key technologies that can make the mobile information society
possible, blurring the boundaries between home, the office, and
the outside world. The seamless connectivity promised by
Bluetooth makes it possible to explore a range of interactive and
highly transparent personalized services which were even difficult
to dream of because of the complexity involved in making various
devices talk to each other. Already many Bluetooth pilot products
have rolled into the market backed by big vendors, which is a very
healthy sign for the acceptance of the technology. The support for
Bluetooth is not limited to companies developing Bluetooth

19. enabled products only. Bluetooth applications can have far
reaching impacts on many other industries as well. Bluetooth
technology adoption is expected to be widespread throughout the
computer and telecommunications industry. Implementation of the
Bluetooth technology is expected to grow the market for personal
mobile devices and indirectly increase airtime usage for wireless
data. Over the long term. manufacturers will also benefit from the
ability to replace multiple connection ports with a single Bluetooth
module, gaining economies at the production level. The Bluetooth
SIG has defined favorable adoption terms, including open,
royalty-free availability of the specification and is playing an
important role in spreading the technology.

20. Conclusion :
Bluetooth wireless technology – The technology that propels you
into a new dimension in wireless connectivity. It is important to
surround yourself with the right kind of people. Bluetooth is a new
standard developed by a group of electronics manufacturers, that
will allow any sort of electronic equipment to make it's own
connections without wires, cables or any direct action from user. It
is a rapid growing technology that makes man easy to transfer his
electronic equipments from one place to another.It is a technology
that not yet completely developed. Hope this will be achieved very
soon.