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Introduction to the PIC Microcontroller BEE 3213: Microprocessor & Microcontroller
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is Microcontroller? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
µC vs General-Purpose µ P Microcontroller Microprocessor Devices Microchip’s PIC’s series, Atmel’s AVR series Intel’s x86 family (8086, 80286, 80386, 80486 & the Pentium) or (Motorola’s PowerPC family) Components Internal CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports and timers External RAM, ROM, and I/O ports Application Perform specific function: A small set of signal processing functions for digital signal processor Perform more tasks that related to general requirements: calculations of software, personal computer
µC vs General-Purpose µ P Cont… CPU / μ P Register Control Unit ALU DATA BUS CPU / μ P Register Control Unit ALU ADDRESS BUS CONTROL BUS μ C RAM ROM I/O Timer Serial COM
µC vs General-Purpose µ P Cont… Microprocessor-based System Microcontroller-based System
A Brief History of PIC µC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A Brief History of PIC µC Cont… http://www.microchip.com
A Brief History of PIC µC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cont…
A Brief History of PIC µC ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cont…
A Brief History of PIC µC ,[object Object],Cont… CPU Program & Data Memory Von Neumann architecture CPU Program Memory Data Memory Harvard architecture
Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PIC16F84 Features ,[object Object],Remarks: RA0 - RA3 : Pins on port A. No additional function RA4 : TOCK1 which functions as a timer RB0 : Interrupt input is an additional function. RB1 - RB5 : Pins on port B. No additional function. RB6 : 'Clock' line in program mode. RB7 : 'Data' line in program mode MCLR : Reset input and Vpp programming voltage Vss : Ground of power supply. Vdd : Positive power supply pole. OSC1 - OSC2 : Pins for connecting with oscillator.
PIC16F84 Features Cont… Block diagram of PIC16F84
PIC Clock Generator ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PIC Clock Generator ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cont…
PIC Clock Generator ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cont…
PIC Clock Generator ,[object Object],[object Object],Cont… External clock input operations
PIC Clock Generator Cont… Capacitor selection for ceramic resonators Capacitor selection for crystal resonators
PIC Clock Generator ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cont…
Reset ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Value registers upon reset Register Reset value (hex) PC 000000 WREG 00 SP 00 TRISA-TRISB FF
Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PORTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PORTS: PORTA & TRISA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PORTS: PORTB & TRISB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Center Processing Unit (CPU) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Center Processing Unit (CPU) execute Memory Assembler (translator) Decoder MOVLW 0x20 Program Memory Temporary storage 11 00xx 0010 0000 opcode Fetch instruction Fetch instruction
Center Processing Unit (CPU) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cont…
Center Processing Unit (CPU) Cont… ALU STATUS register 8-bit literal (from instruction word) WREG register 8-bit 8-bit 8-bit Z, DC, C flags Carry bit
MEMORY ORGANIZATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Memory organization of PIC16F84
MEMORY ORGANIZATION: Program Memory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MEMORY ORGANIZATION: Program Memory
MEMORY ORGANIZATION: Data Memory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Data Memory Organization
SFR File Memory Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented, read as '0', q = value depends on condition Note 1: The upper byte of the program counter is not directly accessible. PCLATH is a slave register for PC<12:8>. The contents of PCLATH can be transferred to the upper byte of the program counter, but the contents of PC<12:8> are never transferred to PCLATH. 2: The TO and PD status bits in the STATUS register are not affected by a MCLR Reset. 3: Other (non power-up) RESETS include: external RESET through MCLR and the Watchdog Timer Reset. 4: On any device RESET, these pins are configured as inputs. 5: This is the value that will be in the port output latch.
Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Timer & Prescalar ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Timer & Prescalar Cont…
Flash Memory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RAM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ROM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
EEPROM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Chp4 introduction to the pic microcontroller copy

  • 1. Introduction to the PIC Microcontroller BEE 3213: Microprocessor & Microcontroller
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. µC vs General-Purpose µ P Microcontroller Microprocessor Devices Microchip’s PIC’s series, Atmel’s AVR series Intel’s x86 family (8086, 80286, 80386, 80486 & the Pentium) or (Motorola’s PowerPC family) Components Internal CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports and timers External RAM, ROM, and I/O ports Application Perform specific function: A small set of signal processing functions for digital signal processor Perform more tasks that related to general requirements: calculations of software, personal computer
  • 5. µC vs General-Purpose µ P Cont… CPU / μ P Register Control Unit ALU DATA BUS CPU / μ P Register Control Unit ALU ADDRESS BUS CONTROL BUS μ C RAM ROM I/O Timer Serial COM
  • 6. µC vs General-Purpose µ P Cont… Microprocessor-based System Microcontroller-based System
  • 7.
  • 8. A Brief History of PIC µC Cont… http://www.microchip.com
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. PIC16F84 Features Cont… Block diagram of PIC16F84
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. PIC Clock Generator Cont… Capacitor selection for ceramic resonators Capacitor selection for crystal resonators
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28. Center Processing Unit (CPU) execute Memory Assembler (translator) Decoder MOVLW 0x20 Program Memory Temporary storage 11 00xx 0010 0000 opcode Fetch instruction Fetch instruction
  • 29.
  • 30. Center Processing Unit (CPU) Cont… ALU STATUS register 8-bit literal (from instruction word) WREG register 8-bit 8-bit 8-bit Z, DC, C flags Carry bit
  • 31.
  • 33.
  • 34. MEMORY ORGANIZATION: Program Memory
  • 35.
  • 37. SFR File Memory Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented, read as '0', q = value depends on condition Note 1: The upper byte of the program counter is not directly accessible. PCLATH is a slave register for PC<12:8>. The contents of PCLATH can be transferred to the upper byte of the program counter, but the contents of PC<12:8> are never transferred to PCLATH. 2: The TO and PD status bits in the STATUS register are not affected by a MCLR Reset. 3: Other (non power-up) RESETS include: external RESET through MCLR and the Watchdog Timer Reset. 4: On any device RESET, these pins are configured as inputs. 5: This is the value that will be in the port output latch.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40. Timer & Prescalar Cont…
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.