SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 36
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
The
BONISTEELML.ORG




                  Rising Point
                   Volume 22. Issue 1 •     • winter 2011




                         Special Issue!

                           ∧
                        US ∨ Presidents
                      US $9.95
                                       10


                  Fall      2010
                    Made In Michigan
WELCOME TO WINTER 2011                                                                                  For those of you who are new to this publication,
                                                                                                             we hope you enjoy what you see and come back.
                                                                                                             Suggestions and opinions are welcome.


                                                                                                               Contents
    Volume 22. Issue 1 - winter 2011
                                                                                                           FEATURE ARTICLES
             MAILING ADDRESS
                 THE RISING POINT                                                                                    3 ......George Washington
             Bonisteel Masonic Library                                                                               5..............James Madison
                2520 Arrowwood Trl
                Ann Arbor, MI 48105                                                                                  7................James Monroe
            Web site: www.bonisteelml.org                                                                            9.............Andrew Jackson
                                                                                                                     11...................James Polk
            Bro. Mitchell Ozog , 32º Editor in Chief.
                   mozog@bonisteelml.org                                                                             13..........James Buchanan
        Bro. Karl Grube, Ph.D., 32º Managing Editor                                                                  15..........Andrew Johnson
                  kgrube@bonisteelml.org
                                                                                                                     17.............James Garfield
     Bro. Robert Blackburn 32º Book Review Editor
                                                                                                                     19.........William McKinley
                              LAYOUT & DESIGN                                                                        21.....Theodore Roosevelt
                              Bro. Mitchell Ozog
               COVER CREDITS
                                                                                                                     23.................Howard Taft
                         Photo - Magdalena Ozog                                                                      25...........Warren Harding
                                                                                                                     27.......Franklin Roosevelt
      Editor’s Note: Graphics and articles about USA                                                                 29...............Harry Truman
      President was first published in The Masonic                                                                   31...........Lyndon Johnson
      World Vol. 12, No. 1 September 1945. Reprint
      with permission of the Detroit Masonic Temple                                                                  32..................Gerald Ford
      Library and Museum but © Unknown.
                                                                                                                     33,34...The Book Reviews


    THE RISING POINT is the official publication of Bonisteel Masonic Library and is published four times per year. Masonic Bodies are welcome to reprint from this publication
    provided that the article is reprinted in full, the name of the author and the source of the article are indicated, and a copy of the publication containing the reprint is sent to the
    editor. Submissions to this publication and all Correspondence concerning this publication should come through the Editor Mitchell Ozog. The Editor reserves the right to edit all
    materials received.

    Fair Use Notice:
    The Bonisteel Masonic Library web site and publication THE RISING POINT may at times contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically
    authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy,
    scientific, and social justice issues, etc.. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. If you wish
    to use copyrighted material from this site or the publication Rising Point for purposes of your own that go beyond ‘fair use’, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.
    In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on The Bonisteel Masonic Library web site and publication Rising Point is distributed without profit to those who have
    expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml
    United States Code: Title 17, Section 107 http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/unframed/17/107.html Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a
    copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news
    reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in
    any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include - (1) the purpose
    and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; (3) the amount and
    substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. The
    fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors.

                                                                 Rising point WINTER 2011
G
EORGE                    1st President - April 30, 1789 to March 4, 1797




 W A S H I N GTO N




    Rising point WINTER 2011
On
                                                                                                    April 30, 1789,
                                                                                                 George Washington,
                                                                                             standing on the balcony of
                                                                                            Federal Hall on Wall Street in
                                                                                          New York, took his oath of office
                                                                                         as the first President of the United
                                                                                        States. “As the first of every thing, in
                                                                                         our situation will serve to establish
                                                                                           a Precedent,” he wrote James
                                                                                         Madison, “it is devoutly wished on
                                                                                           my part, that these precedents
                                                                                                 may be fixed on true
                                                                                                      principles.”
    George Washington              1732-1799
    	
    EA	Nov	4,	1752,	FC	Mar.	3,	1753,	MM	Aug.	4,	1753,	in	Fredericksburg	Lodge	(later	No.	4),	Virginia,	MM	1753,	named	
    Worshipful	Master	of	Alexandria	Lodge	#22,	in		Alexandria,	VA,	April	28,	1788,	and	reelected	Dec.	20,	1788,	but	there	
    is	 no	 evidence	 he	 was	 ever	 installed	 or	 presided	 over	 any	 Masonic	 meeting.	 Somewhat	 active	 and	 supportive	 of	
    Freemasonry
                                             Rising point WINTER 2011
J
    ames
        Madison
                           4th President - March 4, 1809 to March 4, 1817




      Rising point WINTER 2011
Madison
                                                                                    made a major
                                                                                 contribution to the
                                                                          ratification of the Constitution
                                                                            by writing, with Alexander
                                                                           Hamilton and John Jay, the
                                                                      Federalist essays. In later years, when
                                                                       he was referred to as the “Father of
                                                                      the Constitution,” Madison protested
                                                                       that the document was not “the off-
                                                                        spring of a single brain,” but “the
                                                                          work of many heads and many
                                                                                      hands.”
James Madison 1809-1817
	
James	Madison	was	presumed	a	Freemason	at	one	time,	but	the	records	of	the	lodge	that	he	is	believed	to	have	
attended	have	been	lost	for	that	time	period.
                                    Rising point WINTER 2011
J   ames Monroe
                          5   th President - March 4, 1817 to March 4, 1825




     Rising point WINTER 2011
As
                                                                                               a youthful
                                                                                          politician, he joined
                                                                                      the anti-Federalists in the
                                                                                  Virginia Convention which ratified
                                                                                   the Constitution, and in 1790, an
                                                                                  advocate of Jeffersonian policies,
                                                                                was elected United States Senator. As
                                                                                  Minister to France in 1794-1796, he
                                                                                 displayed strong sympathies for the
                                                                                 French cause; later, with Robert R.
                                                                                   Livingston, he helped negotiate
                                                                                       the Louisiana Purchase.

James Monroe          1758-1831	
EA	in	Williamsburg	Lodge	#6	at	Williamsburg,	VA.,	Nov.	9,	1775,	but	there	is	no	record	of	his	taking	any	further	degrees.	
The	records	of	Cumberland	Lodge	#8	in	Tennessee,	June	8,	1819,	show	a	reception	for	Monroe	as	“a	Brother	of	the	Craft.”	 	
possibly	MM	1776
                                          Rising point WINTER 2011
A   ndrew Jackson
                           7   th President - March 4, 1829 to March 4, 1837




    Rising point WINTER 2011
More
                                                                                                                              nearly
                                                                                                                         than any of his
                                                                                                                     predecessors, Andrew
                                                                                                                    Jackson was elected by
                                                                                                                   popular vote; as President
                                                                                                                    he sought to act as the
                                                                                                                      direct representative
                                                                                                                         of the common
Andrew Jackson 1767-1829-1837 	                                                                                                man.
MM	1800?,	his	lodge	is	un-known	but	he	is	said	to	have	attended	at	Clover	Bottom	Lodge	under	the	Grand	Lodge	of	Kentucky.	He	was	present	in	lodge	at	
Greeneville	in	1801	and	acted	as	Senior	Warden	pro	tem.	The	records	of	St.	Tammany	Lodge	#29	at	Nashville,	which	became	Harmony	Lodge	#1	under	the	
Grand	Lodge	of	Tennessee,	show	that	Jackson	was	a	member.	Very	active	in	Freemasonry,	
Grand	Master	of	Tennessee	1822-1823

10                                                  Rising point WINTER 2011
J   ames Polk
                       11th President - March 4, 1845 to March 4, 1849




    Rising point WINTER 2011                                        11
He
                                                                                                offered to
                                                                                           settle by extending
                                                                                       the Canadian boundary,
                                                                                     along the 49th parallel, from
                                                                                   the Rockies to the Pacific. When
                                                                                 the British minister declined, Polk
                                                                                  reasserted the American claim to
                                                                                 the entire area. Finally, the British
                                                                                     settled for the 49th parallel,
                                                                                      except for the southern tip
                                                                                       of Vancouver Island. The
                                                                                          treaty was signed in
James K. Polk		            1795-1849?	-	1845-1849	                                                 1846.
	
EA,	FC,	MM,	in	Columbia	Lodge	#31,	Columbia,	Tenn.,	1820,	exalted	a	Royal	Arch	Mason	in	La	Fayette	Chapter	#4	
at	Columbia	in	1825
1                                     Rising point WINTER 2011
J   ames
                      15th President - March 4, 1857 to March 4, 1861




                     Buchanan




     Rising point WINTER 2011                                           1
Tall,
                                                                                                stately,
                                                                                         stiffly formal in the
                                                                                         high stock he wore
                                                                                      around his jowls, James
                                                                                      Buchanan was the only
                                                                                        President who never
                                                                                                married.
James	A.	Buchanan		                 1791-1868	-	1857-1861
		
EA	Dec.	11,	1816,	Lancaster	Lodge	#43,	Lancaster,	PA,	FC		MM	1817,	Junior	Warden	1821-1822,	Master	1825,	exalted	
in	Royal	Arch	Chapter	#	43,	in	1826,	Deputy	Grand	Master	of	the	Grand	Lodge	of	Pennsylvania
1                                      Rising point WINTER 2011
A   ndrew Johnson
                   17th President - April 15, 1865 to March 4, 1869




Rising point WINTER 2011                                         1
Born
                                                                                           in Raleigh,
                                                                                      North Carolina, in
                                                                                  1808, Johnson grew up in
                                                                                poverty. He was apprenticed
                                                                                 to a tailor as a boy, but ran
                                                                               away. He opened a tailor shop
                                                                                 in Greeneville, Tennessee,
                                                                                   married Eliza McCardle,
                                                                                     and participated in
                                                                                     debates at the local
Andrew	Johnson		               1808-1875	-	1865-1869                                        academy.
		
EA,	FC,	MM,	in	Greeneville	Lodge	No.	119	now	#3	at	Greeneville,	Tenn.	in	1851,	probably	a	member	of	Greeneville	
Chapter	#82,	Royal	Arch	Masons,	since	he	joined	Nashville	Commandery	of	Knights	Templar	#1	in	1859.	He	received	
the	Scottish	Rite	degrees	in	the	White	House	in	1867
1                                     Rising point WINTER 2011
J   ames
                    20th President - March 4 , 1881 to September 19, 1881




                     Garfield




     Rising point WINTER 2011                                          1
As
                                                                                               the last
                                                                                          of the log cabin
                                                                                       Presidents, James A.
                                                                                    Garfield attacked political
                                                                                   corruption and won back for
                                                                                   the Presidency a measure of
                                                                                    prestige it had lost during
                                                                                        the Reconstruction
James A. Garfield 	1831-1881                                                                   period.

EA		FC	Magnolia	Lodge	#20,	Columbus,	Ohio,	MM	Columbus	Lodge	#3O,	1864,	Affiliated	with	Garrettsville	Lodge	#246	
in	1866,		Affiliated	with	Pentalpha	Lodge	#23	Washington,	D.	C.	as	charter	member	in	1869.	Exalted	in	Columbus	Royal	
Arch	Chapter	1866,	and	Knight	Templar	1866,	14th	Degree	Scottish	Rite	1872
18                                     Rising point WINTER 2011
W     illiam McKinley
              24th President - March 4 , 1897 to September 14, 1901




Rising point WINTER 2011                                          1
At
                                                                                            34, McKinley
                                                                                      won a seat in Congress.
                                                                                     His attractive personality,
                                                                                  exemplary character, and quick
                                                                                  intelligence enabled him to rise
                                                                                 rapidly. He was appointed to the
                                                                              powerful Ways and Means Committee.
                                                                              Robert M. La Follette, Sr., who served
                                                                               with him, recalled that he generally
                                                                                “represented the newer view,” and
                                                                               “on the great new questions .. was
                                                                                    generally on the side of the
 William	McKinley		    1843-1901                                                     public and against private
                                                                                             interests.”


 1897-1901	is	sometimes	said	to	have	received	EA,	FC,	MM,	in	Hiram	Lodge	#10	in	Winchester,	West	Virginia,	in	1865,	
 but	William	Moseley	Brown	is	authority	for	the	statement	that	this	event	took	place	in	Hiram	Lodge	#21	at	Win-
 chester,	Virginia	in	that	year.	McKinley	affiliated	with	Canton	Lodge	#60	at	Canton,	Ohio	in	1867	and	later	became	a	
 charter	member	of	Eagle	Lodge	#43.	He	received	the	Capitular	degrees	in	Canton	in	1883	and	was	made	a	Knight	
 Templar	in	1884

0                                       Rising point WINTER 2011
T
heodore Roosevelt
                  25th President - September 14, 1901 to March 4, 1909




    Rising point WINTER 2011                                         1
He
                                                                                      took the view
                                                                                  that the President as
                                                                               a “steward of the people”
                                                                              should take whatever action
                                                                             necessary for the public good
                                                                             unless expressly forbidden by
                                                                             law or the Constitution.” I did
                                                                              not usurp power,” he wrote,
                                                                               “but I did greatly broaden
Theodore	Roosevelt		 1858-1919	-	1901-1909	                                       the use of executive
                                                                                         power.”

EA,	FC,	MM,	in	Matinecock	Lodge	#806,	Oyster	Bay,	NY	in	1901.	Somewhat	active,	and	very	supportive	of	Freemasonry
                                     Rising point WINTER 2011
W   illiam
                  26th President - March 4 , 1909 to March 4, 1913




                           Taft




Rising point WINTER 2011
Born in
                                                                                         1857, the son of
                                                                                     a distinguished judge,
                                                                                    he graduated from Yale,
                                                                                  and returned to Cincinnati to
                                                                                study and practice law. He rose
                                                                                in politics through Republican
                                                                             judiciary appointments, through his
                                                                               own competence and availability,
                                                                                and because, as he once wrote
                                                                                 facetiously, he always had his
                                                                                    “plate the right side up
                                                                                       when offices were
William	H.	Taft		     1857-1930	-	1909-1913		                                                falling.”

EA	Feb.	18,	1909,	MM	“Mason	at	Sight”	in	Kilwinning	Lodge	#356,	Cincinnati,	Ohio,	in	1901?,	Evidently,	that	made	hirn	a	
member	at	large,	for	the	Grand	Lodge	issued	him	a	demit	and	he	became	a	member	of	that	lodge.	Somewhat	active,	
and	very	supportive	of	Freemasonry
                                       Rising point WINTER 2011
W   arren Harding
                  28th President - March 4 , 1921 to August 2, 1923




Rising point WINTER 2011
Warren
                                                                                          G. Harding
                                                                                     declared, “America’s
                                                                                 present need is not heroics,
                                                                                  but healing; not nostrums,
                                                                                but normalcy; not revolution,
                                                                                but restoration; not agitation,
                                                                               but adjustment; not surgery, but
                                                                              serenity; not the dramatic, but the
                                                                               dispassionate; not experiment,
                                                                               but equipoise; not submergence
                                                                                    in internationality, but
Warren	G.	Harding		 1865-1923	-	1921-1923		                                       sustainment in triumphant
                                                                                         nationality....”


EA	Lodge	#7O,	Marion,	Ohio,	Jun	28,	1901,	received	no	other	degree	until	after	becoming	U.S.	President,	FC		MM	
in	Marion	Lodge	#70	in	1920	(MM	Aug.	27,	1920),	Royal	Arch	Chapter	degrees	in	Marion	Chapter	#62	in	1921;	Knight	
Templar	in	Marion	Commandery	#36,	in	1921,	Scottish	Rite	and	Shrine	in	1921

                                      Rising point WINTER 2011
F   ranklin
                       31st President - March 4 , 1933 to April 12, 1945




       Roosevelt




    Rising point WINTER 2011
Assuming
                                                                                        the Presidency at
                                                                                     the depth of the Great
                                                                                     Depression, Franklin D.
                                                                                 Roosevelt helped the American
                                                                                people regain faith in themselves.
                                                                                He brought hope as he promised
                                                                                  prompt, vigorous action, and
                                                                                    asserted in his Inaugural
                                                                                    Address, “the only thing
Franklin	D.	Roosevelt		1882-1945	-	1933-1945		                                          we have to fear is
                                                                                           fear itself.”
EA	Oct	11,	1911,	FC,	MM,	in	Holland	Lodge	#8,	New	York	City,	in	1911,	Scottish	Rite	in	Albany	Consistory	1929,	Shrine	in	
1930.	Somewhat	active,	and	very	supportive	of	Freemasonry
8                                        Rising point WINTER 2011
H       arry Truman
                           32nd President - April 12, 1945, to 1953




Rising point WINTER 2011
Dangers
                                                                                  and crises marked
                                                                                 the foreign scene as
                                                                                 Truman campaigned
                                                                               successfully in 1948. In
                                                                                foreign affairs he was
                                                                                already providing his
                                                                                    most effective
                                                                                      leadership.
Harry	S.	Truman		       1884-1972	-	1945-1953
		
EA	Feb.	9,	1909,	Belton	Lodge	#450,	Grandview,	Missouri,	MM	1909.	In	1911,	Truman	was	the	1st	WM	of	the	new	Grandview	
Lodge	#618.	Grand	Master	of	Missouri	1940-1941.	Very	active	and	supportive	of	Freemasonry,		Master	of	Missouri	Lodge	
of	Research	while	U.S.	President,	Masonic	Ritualist,	district	lecturer	and	deputy	Grand	Master	for	several	years,		he	died	
December	26,	1972,		buried	with	Masonic	rites	in	Independence,	MO,	in	televised	ceremony.
0                                       Rising point WINTER 2011
L
                                                                                             36th President - 1963, to 1969



                        yndon B.
                                                                  Johnson
                                                                             Lyndon B. Johnson was initiated on
                                                                             October 30, 1937 in Johnson City
                                                                             Lodge No. 561, at Johnson City,
                                                                             Texas, but completed only the Entered
                                                                             Apprentice, or first, of the three Masonic
                                                                             degrees.

                                                                             He was a Freemason in the sense that
                                                                             he took the Entered Apprentice, or 1st
                                                                             Degree, but did not continue to the 2nd
                                                                             and 3rd degrees. Some would consider
                                                                             him to have been a Freemason, but
                                                                             others would not.




                                                                                                      “A
                                                                                               Great Society”
                                                                                              for the American
                                                                                          people and their fellow
                                                                                      men elsewhere was the vision
                                                                                       of Lyndon B. Johnson. In his
                                                                                     first years of office he obtained
                                                                                        passage of one of the most
                                                                                    extensive legislative programs in
                                                                                    the Nation’s history. Maintaining
                                                                                    collective security, he carried on
                                                                                       the rapidly growing struggle
                                                                                           to restrain Communist
                                                                                            encroachment in Viet
                                                                                                     Nam.
Photo Credit:                                                                    Photo Credit:
LBJ Library photo by Yoichi Okamoto - Public Domain                              LBJ Library photo by Arnold Newman - Public Domain

                                                      Rising point WINTER 2011                                                   1
G                     erald R.
                                                                      Thirty-eighth President (1974-1977)




                                                                           Ford
                                                                             MASONIC RECORD

                                                              Initiated: September 30, 1949, Malta Lodge
                                                              No. 465, Grand Rapids, Michigan, along
                                                              with his half-brothers Thomas Gardner Ford
                                                              (1918-1995), Richard Addison Ford (1924-
                                                              ) and James Francis Ford (1927- ). The
                                                              Fellowcraft and Master Mason Degrees
                                                              were Conferred by Columbia Lodge No.
                                                              3, Washington, D.C., on April 20 and May
                                                              18, 1951, as a courtesy to Malta Lodge.
                                                              Brother Ford was made a Sovereign Grand
                                                              Inspector General, 33°, and Honorary
                                                              Member, Supreme Council A.A.S.R.
                                                              Northern Jurisdiction at the Academy of
                                                              Music in Philadelphia, on September 26,
                                                              1962, for which he served as Exemplar
                                                              (Representative) for his Class. Brother and
                                                              President Ford was unanimously elected
                                                              an Active Member of the International
                                                              Supreme Council, Order of DeMolay and
                                                              its Honorary Grand Master, at its Annual
                                                              Session held at Orlando, Florida, April 6-
                                                              9, 1975; Brother Ford held this post until
                                                              January 1977, at which time he became
                                                              a Past Honorary Grand Master, receiving
                                                              his Collar and Jewel on October 24, 1978
                                                              in Topeka, Kansas, from the Hon. Thomas
                                                              C. Raum, Jr., Grand Master, Order of
                                                              DeMolay.

                                                              http://www.pagrandlodge.org/mlam/presidents/ford.html

                                                              Lithographic copy of an engraving of U.S. President Gerald R.
                                                              Ford by the staff of the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing.
                                                              - http://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/avproj/portraits.asp

 When Gerald R. Ford took the oath of office on August 9, 1974, he declared, “I assume the Presidency
under extraordinary circumstances.... This is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our
hearts.”

Ford was confronted with almost insuperable tasks. There were the challenges of mastering inflation,
reviving a depressed economy, solving chronic energy shortages, and trying to ensure world peace.

                                Rising point WINTER 2011
The ManuscripT Found in
                                                  saragossa
                        Jan Potocki (1761 – 1815) lived a life    hole down which the Masonic reader will, at times, feel he
                        that reads more like fiction than fact.   is witnessing a series of obscure Ecosais degrees. Its 66
                        A Polish nobleman, army officer,          stories are by turn humorous, picaresque, erotic, gothic, and
                        novice Knight of Malta, ethnologist,      esoteric. Many incidents and characters call to mind the
                        linguist, early balloonist, and world     cards from the Tarot’s Major Arcana. Even the protagonist,
                        traveler, he is without question one      Van Worden, is left to wonder whether he hasn’t been caught
                        of the most intriguing figures of his     up in a vast conspiracy, the substance of which is always
                        age. Yet there is more to Potocki,        just beyond his grasp:
                        including some rather dark rumors                …I recognized the ill-starred gallows of Zoto’s
                        too. Potocki had a keen interest in              brothers. The sight of this made me curious. I
                        the occult and was an acquaintance               hastened down and indeed came to the foot of
                        of Alessandro Cagliostro (into whose             the gallows from which the two hanged men
                                                                         were suspended.
                        elaborate Egyptian-styled Masonry
                                                                          I looked away and sadly climbed back to camp.
he may have been initiated). Potocki’s two marriages ended               The gypsy chief asked me where I had been. I
in accusations of incest. Thereafter, Potocki retreated to his           replied that I had been down to the gallows of
estate where he is said to have committed suicide with a                 Zoto’s two brothers.
silver bullet he fashioned from a sugar bowl handle - a gift             ‘Where are they,’ asked the gypsy.
from his mother – which he had blessed by his priest.                    ‘What do you mean,’ I replied. ‘Are they in the
Potocki wrote several travelogues documenting his                        habit of absenting themselves?’
adventures. He also left a novel, originally written in French,          ‘Often,’ said the gypsy, ‘especially at night.’
titled The Manuscript Found in Saragossa (1814). A literary              These few words made me very pensive. I found
nesting doll, the book is a collection of interwoven stories             myself once again in the neighborhood of those
adopting a variety styles and conceits. The “manuscript” is              damned ghosts and whether or not they were
                                                                         vampires or had been used to persecute me, I
said to have been found by a French military officer who,
                                                                         believed that I had much to fear from them. I
following his capture, is presented with a translated copy of            was morose for the rest of the day, did not eat
the work. Superficially, it is the diary and recollections of            supper and went to bed, where I dreamed of
a young army captain in the Walloon Guards who has been                  vampires, phantoms, nightmares, spectres and
called to Madrid for a new posting. While en route, this                 hanged men.
Alphonse van Worden is separated from his companions              Potocki’s Manuscript is meant to entertain rather than
and forced to take refuge in an abandoned hostelry. Here          illuminate. It deservedly draws comparisons with The
he meets two beautiful Muslim princesses who may, or may          Arabian Nights, Canterbury Tales, and Decameron.
not be, the ghosts of two recently hung bandits, the Zoto         Whether The Manuscript constitutes “Masonic” literature,
brothers. Bound by his strict code of honor, if not chastity,     on the other hand, is up to the reader to decide. But be
the young soldier’s word is repeatedly tried and tested as        forewarned, there will be as many twists and turns to reach
he encounters the Inquisition, a religious hermit, bandits,       that conclusion as there are in the book itself.
cabalists, gypsies, a mathematician, the “Wandering Jew,”
and a mysterious Muslim sheik that controls the lonely            Jan Potocki, The Manuscript Found in Saragossa, trans. by Ian
Spanish countryside where the story takes place.                  Mclean (Penguin Books 1996, $ 17.00 USD)
The Manuscript Found in Saragossa is a delicious rabbit
                                            Rising point WINTER 2011
INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY




                              Haunted CHambers:
                                                 the Lives of early Women Freemasons
                        In April 2010, the Grand Orient of France, the largest and oldest Masonic jurisdiction
            For the     in continental Europe, ruled that women can be initiated as full members of its lodges.
           First time   While this decision is of limited importance to regular Masonry (such jurisdictions having
        ever, the most  severed ties with the Grand Orient of France in 1877 over its admitting atheists), it is
       complete stories nevertheless historic. Women, for the first time in more than four hundred years, are
       oF early women being admitted directly into our mysteries. Or so we have been lead to believe. Such
         Freemasons     milestones are rarely so simple.

                            Karen Kidd’s Haunted Chambers: the Lives of Early Women Freemasons has two apparent
     goals. First, to demonstrate that women have already had a share, albeit a small one, in regular Masonry since
     its inception. Second, that female Freemasons, possessing the same abilities and Masonic passions as their
                                                male counterparts, deserve to enjoy full recognition and acceptance
                                                by all-male lodges. Kidd acknowledges the meagerness of her
                                                source material, yet manages to build some interesting biographical
                                                sketches of women who claimed Masonic affiliation with regular
                                                Masonry. Her plea for full female recognition, on the other hand, is
                                                another matter altogether.

                                                 Kidd contends that mainstream Masonic histories unfairly conceal
                                                 the existence of female craft masons when discussing the Fraternity’s
                                                 origins. She notes that the “Old Charges,” being a body of some
                                                 hundred or so early manuscripts, contain numerous references to
                                                 women, including the use of the word “Dame” in some texts as
                                                 the equivalent of “Master.” Of particular interest is York MS No. 4
                                                 (dated 1693):

                                                 The one of the elders takeing the Booke and that hee or
                                                 shee that is to be made mason shall lay their hands on
                                                 thereon, and the charge shall be given.

                                                 Kid also provides examples of women operative apprentices
                                                 and men being assigned to female masters as late as the early
                                                 18th century. So why, ponders Kidd, were women excluded from
                                                 speculative Masonry? Regrettably, there is no certain answer
                                                 to this question. Andersen and Desaguliers made the injunction
                                                 explicit in Masonry in 1726. Kidd, in a nutshell, believes it was
                                                 because 18th century women were not “free” under the law and
                                                 moral codes of their day and that women posed a sexual threat of

          INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY - WWW.BONIsTEELML.ORG
                                                                                                                 Page 1




                                       Rising point WINTER 2011
www.bonisteelml.org
                                                                                                           www.bonisteelml.org
                                                 INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY
                                                      INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY

scandal for speculative lodges making a breakbreak their operative origins.
     scandal for speculative lodges making a from from their operative origins.
Haunted Chambers also contains a catalogue of women alleged to have have breached regular Masonry’s gender
       Haunted Chambers also contains a catalogue of women alleged to breached regular Masonry’s gender
barrier. The number, it should be noted, is little more more a handful and several strainstrain credulity. three three are
       barrier. The number, it should be noted, is little than than a handful and several credulity. Only Only are
generally accepted to have have been initiated - Elizabeth St. Leger Aldworth (1712), Henriette Heinken (1795), and
       generally accepted to been initiated - Elizabeth St. Leger Aldworth (1712), Henriette Heinken (1795), and
Helene, Countess HadikHadik Barkoczy (1875) – having drawn particular notice and either recognition or censure from
       Helene, Countess Barkoczy (1875) – having drawn particular notice and either recognition or censure from
their local Masonic communities. The others constitute an array array of eavesdroppers like Elizabeth Aldworth,
       their local Masonic communities. The others constitute an of eavesdroppers who, who, like Elizabeth Aldworth,
may or may not have have been regularly initiated, two early “adoptive” masons, a transvestite (who, being a man,
       may or may not been regularly initiated, two early “adoptive” masons, a transvestite (who, being a man,
really really oughtn’t count), and one or two more whose Masonic pedigrees persist more in the realm of legend rather
        oughtn’t count), and one or two more whose Masonic pedigrees persist more in the realm of legend rather
than historical fact. It is also clear that none,none, otherperhaps Elizabeth Aldworth, was ever permitted to enter enter
       than historical fact. It is also clear that other than than perhaps Elizabeth Aldworth, was ever permitted to
a regular lodgelodge again.
       a regular again.
Karen Kidd is a member of a co-Masonic lodgelodgeHaunted Chambers, a littleatoo frequently, readsreads more like
      Karen Kidd is a member of a co-Masonic and and Haunted Chambers, little too frequently, more like
a polemic against gender exclusivity in regular Masonry than a straightforward history. ThereThere is no reason
      a polemic against gender exclusivity in regular Masonry than a straightforward history. is no reason
to question her or any woman’s commitment to Masonic idealsidealsprinciples. They Theyafter all, universal.
      to question her or any woman’s commitment to Masonic and and principles. are, are, after all, universal.
But speculative Masonry, regardless of operative masonry’s actual traditions, was established as anas an all-male
      But speculative Masonry, regardless of operative masonry’s actual traditions, was established all-male
organization. And there there need not be anything sinister or controversial in this fact. During an age of clubs, men
      organization. And need not be anything sinister or controversial in this fact. During an age of clubs, men
liked to organize socially as men. men. we still do. Let thosethosewish pursue co-Masonry, adoptive Masonry, or
      liked to organize socially as And And we still do. Let who who wish pursue co-Masonry, adoptive Masonry, or
female lodges do so. They They do not need our permission, nor is there any reason for regular Masonry to recognize
      female lodges do so. do not need our permission, nor is there any reason for regular Masonry to recognize
them.them.enough that we have our traditions and they have theirs.
        It is It is enough that we have our traditions and they have theirs.

Haunted Chambers contains somesomeinteresting and useful material. It is a It is a shame that did not discuss
      Haunted Chambers contains very very interesting and useful material. shame that Kidd Kidd did not discuss
the advent of eithereither co-Masonry or female Masonry. Women being barred regular Masonry, it wouldwould
      the advent of co-Masonry or female Masonry. Women being barred from from regular Masonry, it
have have been interesting to learn more about the development of these bodiestheir early early female champions.
      been interesting to learn more about the development of these bodies and and their female champions.
Perhaps Kidd is leaving that to another book.book. I also point out that there there are two factual errors which caught
      Perhaps Kidd is leaving that to another I must must also point out that are two factual errors which caught
my eye and which, I confess, irritated me (as they do in any non-fiction work). On p.On p. 64, refersrefers to “Ancient
      my eye and which, I confess, irritated me (as they do in any non-fiction work). 64, Kidd Kidd to “Ancient
Mason Laurence Dermott,” author of Ahiman Rezon, as “Grand Master of Ireland.” Dermot was awas a Master
      Mason Laurence Dermott,” author of Ahiman Rezon, as “Grand Master of Ireland.” Dermot Past Past Master
of an of anlodgelodge and Grand Secretary of the Ancient Grand Lodge of England 1752 1752 to 1771. Henevernever
      Irish Irish and Grand Secretary of the Ancient Grand Lodge of England from from to 1771. He was was
Grand Master of theof the Grand Lodge of Ireland orjurisdiction. Also problematic is Kidd’s assertion on p. on p. 42
      Grand Master Grand Lodge of Ireland or any any jurisdiction. Also problematic is Kidd’s assertion 42
concerning whether or notor not Elizabeth Alworth received rd degree in Masonry:
      concerning whether Elizabeth Alworth received the 3 the 3rd degree in Masonry:
             These Masonic historians seemseem not to know, forget, or ignore thethat what whatknown as as
                   These Masonic historians not to know, forget, or ignore the fact fact that was was known
             “the Master’s Part” was not yet separated into its own degree from the Second Degree. The Third Third
                   “the Master’s Part” was not yet separated into its own degree from the Second Degree. The
             Degree did not yet exist this early in thein the 18th Century.
                   Degree did not yet exist this early 18th Century.
Kidd is apparently unaware that the Trinity College, Dublin MS, dateddated 1711 (a BEFORE she suggests
     Kidd is apparently unaware that the Trinity College, Dublin MS, 1711 (a year year BEFORE she suggests
Aldworth was initiated) demonstrates that in Ireland, at least, least, all three separate degrees were already being
     Aldworth was initiated) demonstrates that in Ireland, at all three separate degrees were already being
worked. GivenGiven that Aldworth accidentally overheard the Fellowcraft Degree, there reason to assume that that
     worked. that Aldworth accidentally overheard the Fellowcraft Degree, there is no is no reason to assume
she ever received any more more “light” in Masonry what whathad already improperly obtained, let alonealone be
     she ever received any “light” in Masonry than than she she had already improperly obtained, let be
granted the Master Mason degree or be or be allowed in thein the East. On the contrary, common sense dictates she
     granted the Master Mason degree allowed to sit to sit East. On the contrary, common sense dictates she
wouldwouldhave been been obligated as far as necessary to maintain secrecy. But this, like so muchmuch concerning
      only only have obligated as far as necessary to maintain secrecy. But all of all of this, like so concerning
thesethese women Freemasons, is conjecture owingowing to the scant historical record.
      early early women Freemasons, is conjecture to the scant historical record.
         Karen Kidd, Haunted Chambers: the Lives of Early Women Women Freemasons (Cornerstone 2009,US). Website:Website: http://www.hauntedchambers.com
                 Karen Kidd, Haunted Chambers: the Lives of Early Freemasons (Cornerstone 2009, $24.95 $24.95 US). http://www.hauntedchambers.com

                                  According to her web site, She was initiated into Freemasonry in AugustAugust into a Seattle, WA-based Lodge Lodge
                                         According to her web site, She was initiated into Freemasonry in 2006, 2006, into a Seattle, WA-based
                                  that works works the Honorable Order of American Co-Masonry, American Federation of Human Rights.Rights. The
                                         that under under the Honorable Order of American Co-Masonry, American Federation of Human The
                                  Honorable Order is based in Larkspur, CO, and was founded in the USthe the early 20th Century. She is She is also a
                                         Honorable Order is based in Larkspur, CO, and was founded in in US in the early 20th Century. also a
                                  member of the Honorable Order’s Lodge Lodge of Research, for she writtenwritten several architectures/research papers
                                         member of the Honorable Order’s of Research, for which which she several architectures/research papers
                                  and more are in the works.works. In March She was honored by many of Malecraft Brethren during during a ceremony
                                         and more are in the In March 2008, 2008, She was honored by many of Malecraft Brethren a ceremony
                                  in Machester, England. Karen Karen essay, “I am Regular”, won the WorldI have I any hopes for “Haunted
                                         in Machester, England. essay, “I am Regular”, won the World “If              “If     have any hopes for “Haunted
                                  AwardAward in Internet Lodge No 9659’sPaper’s competition. Internet Chambers”, it’s that the book gets to gets to
                                          in Internet Lodge No 9659’s Short Short Paper’s competition. Internet Chambers”, it’s that the book
                                  Lodge Lodge is a Lodge in Manchester England that works the UnitedUnited the readers who most want it.are
                                          is a Lodge in Manchester England that works under under the the readers who most want it. There There are
                                  Grand Grand Lodge of England. It’s biannualpapers papers competition attracts a quitefolks who will findwill find this book
                                         Lodge of England. It’s biannual short short competition attracts quite few and would rather this never
                                                                                                             a challenge
                                                                                                                            a few folks who
                                                                                                                                                it
                                                                                                                                                   book
                                  entrants the world over. She was the first Co-Mason and the first woman had been written.written. would rather itconvert
                                                                                                                      a challenge and
                                         entrants the world over. She was the first Co-Mason and the first woman had been I’m not I’m notconvert
                                                                                                                                          out to out to
                                                                                                                                                         never
                                  Freemason to win such an award in a contestcontest sponsored by a Lodge under anyone. Thoserather dismiss dismiss it out
                                         Freemason to win such an award in a   sponsored by a Lodge under anyone. Those who’d who’d rather it out
                                  the UGLE. DuringDuring the ceremony, She was addressed as “Brother”of hand of hand aredo so.to do Iso. But there there
                                         the UGLE. the ceremony, She was addressed as “Brother” and and are free to free But know I know
                                  She received the award awardthe then Pro Grand Grand Master UGLE, are readers readers the want to want to know this
                                         She received the from from the then Pro Master of the of the UGLE, are whoThose are the readers to hope to
                                                                                                                                 really really know this
                                                                                                             history. history. are
                                                                                                                       Those
                                                                                                                                    who
                                                                                                                                       readers I hope I
                                  the Most Hon the Marquess of Northampton.
                                         the Most Hon the Marquess of Northampton.                           reach.” reach.”
Source: http://www.hauntedchambers.com/About__Biography_.html
           Source: http://www.hauntedchambers.com/About__Biography_.html

                             INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY Page 2 Page 2
                        INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY




                                                                  Rising point WINTER 2011
The Book Review:
        if you want your book to be considered for a review, please send two
                                      copies.

     For more information please visit Bonisteel Masonic Library - “Rising Point”
                              (www.bonisteelml.org)

     The reviews will published online of Bonisteel Masonic Library and in Rising
                            Point at www.bonisteelml.org

                            Please address packages to:

                       Bonisteel Masonic Library - Rising Point
                                2520 Arrowwood Trl.
                              Ann Arbor, Mi 48105 USA




                                       Rising point WINTER 2011

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Mehr von Bonisteel Masonic Library (6)

Mitch Ozog Visual Resume
Mitch Ozog Visual ResumeMitch Ozog Visual Resume
Mitch Ozog Visual Resume
 
Smile
SmileSmile
Smile
 
Poster Chris Hodapp2010#2
Poster Chris Hodapp2010#2Poster Chris Hodapp2010#2
Poster Chris Hodapp2010#2
 
Spring 09 Rising Point
Spring 09 Rising PointSpring 09 Rising Point
Spring 09 Rising Point
 
Winter 2009 Rising Point
Winter 2009 Rising PointWinter 2009 Rising Point
Winter 2009 Rising Point
 
Fall 08 Rising Point Web
Fall 08 Rising Point WebFall 08 Rising Point Web
Fall 08 Rising Point Web
 

The Rising Point - Winter 2011

  • 1. The BONISTEELML.ORG Rising Point Volume 22. Issue 1 • • winter 2011 Special Issue! ∧ US ∨ Presidents US $9.95 10 Fall 2010 Made In Michigan
  • 2. WELCOME TO WINTER 2011 For those of you who are new to this publication, we hope you enjoy what you see and come back. Suggestions and opinions are welcome. Contents Volume 22. Issue 1 - winter 2011 FEATURE ARTICLES MAILING ADDRESS THE RISING POINT 3 ......George Washington Bonisteel Masonic Library 5..............James Madison 2520 Arrowwood Trl Ann Arbor, MI 48105 7................James Monroe Web site: www.bonisteelml.org 9.............Andrew Jackson 11...................James Polk Bro. Mitchell Ozog , 32º Editor in Chief. mozog@bonisteelml.org 13..........James Buchanan Bro. Karl Grube, Ph.D., 32º Managing Editor 15..........Andrew Johnson kgrube@bonisteelml.org 17.............James Garfield Bro. Robert Blackburn 32º Book Review Editor 19.........William McKinley LAYOUT & DESIGN 21.....Theodore Roosevelt Bro. Mitchell Ozog COVER CREDITS 23.................Howard Taft Photo - Magdalena Ozog 25...........Warren Harding 27.......Franklin Roosevelt Editor’s Note: Graphics and articles about USA 29...............Harry Truman President was first published in The Masonic 31...........Lyndon Johnson World Vol. 12, No. 1 September 1945. Reprint with permission of the Detroit Masonic Temple 32..................Gerald Ford Library and Museum but © Unknown. 33,34...The Book Reviews THE RISING POINT is the official publication of Bonisteel Masonic Library and is published four times per year. Masonic Bodies are welcome to reprint from this publication provided that the article is reprinted in full, the name of the author and the source of the article are indicated, and a copy of the publication containing the reprint is sent to the editor. Submissions to this publication and all Correspondence concerning this publication should come through the Editor Mitchell Ozog. The Editor reserves the right to edit all materials received. Fair Use Notice: The Bonisteel Masonic Library web site and publication THE RISING POINT may at times contain copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc.. We believe this constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site or the publication Rising Point for purposes of your own that go beyond ‘fair use’, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on The Bonisteel Masonic Library web site and publication Rising Point is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml United States Code: Title 17, Section 107 http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/unframed/17/107.html Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include - (1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; (2) the nature of the copyrighted work; (3) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors. Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 3. G EORGE 1st President - April 30, 1789 to March 4, 1797 W A S H I N GTO N Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 4. On April 30, 1789, George Washington, standing on the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York, took his oath of office as the first President of the United States. “As the first of every thing, in our situation will serve to establish a Precedent,” he wrote James Madison, “it is devoutly wished on my part, that these precedents may be fixed on true principles.” George Washington 1732-1799 EA Nov 4, 1752, FC Mar. 3, 1753, MM Aug. 4, 1753, in Fredericksburg Lodge (later No. 4), Virginia, MM 1753, named Worshipful Master of Alexandria Lodge #22, in Alexandria, VA, April 28, 1788, and reelected Dec. 20, 1788, but there is no evidence he was ever installed or presided over any Masonic meeting. Somewhat active and supportive of Freemasonry Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 5. J ames Madison 4th President - March 4, 1809 to March 4, 1817 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 6. Madison made a major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution by writing, with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, the Federalist essays. In later years, when he was referred to as the “Father of the Constitution,” Madison protested that the document was not “the off- spring of a single brain,” but “the work of many heads and many hands.” James Madison 1809-1817 James Madison was presumed a Freemason at one time, but the records of the lodge that he is believed to have attended have been lost for that time period. Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 7. J ames Monroe 5 th President - March 4, 1817 to March 4, 1825 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 8. As a youthful politician, he joined the anti-Federalists in the Virginia Convention which ratified the Constitution, and in 1790, an advocate of Jeffersonian policies, was elected United States Senator. As Minister to France in 1794-1796, he displayed strong sympathies for the French cause; later, with Robert R. Livingston, he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase. James Monroe 1758-1831 EA in Williamsburg Lodge #6 at Williamsburg, VA., Nov. 9, 1775, but there is no record of his taking any further degrees. The records of Cumberland Lodge #8 in Tennessee, June 8, 1819, show a reception for Monroe as “a Brother of the Craft.” possibly MM 1776 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 9. A ndrew Jackson 7 th President - March 4, 1829 to March 4, 1837 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 10. More nearly than any of his predecessors, Andrew Jackson was elected by popular vote; as President he sought to act as the direct representative of the common Andrew Jackson 1767-1829-1837 man. MM 1800?, his lodge is un-known but he is said to have attended at Clover Bottom Lodge under the Grand Lodge of Kentucky. He was present in lodge at Greeneville in 1801 and acted as Senior Warden pro tem. The records of St. Tammany Lodge #29 at Nashville, which became Harmony Lodge #1 under the Grand Lodge of Tennessee, show that Jackson was a member. Very active in Freemasonry, Grand Master of Tennessee 1822-1823 10 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 11. J ames Polk 11th President - March 4, 1845 to March 4, 1849 Rising point WINTER 2011 11
  • 12. He offered to settle by extending the Canadian boundary, along the 49th parallel, from the Rockies to the Pacific. When the British minister declined, Polk reasserted the American claim to the entire area. Finally, the British settled for the 49th parallel, except for the southern tip of Vancouver Island. The treaty was signed in James K. Polk 1795-1849? - 1845-1849 1846. EA, FC, MM, in Columbia Lodge #31, Columbia, Tenn., 1820, exalted a Royal Arch Mason in La Fayette Chapter #4 at Columbia in 1825 1 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 13. J ames 15th President - March 4, 1857 to March 4, 1861 Buchanan Rising point WINTER 2011 1
  • 14. Tall, stately, stiffly formal in the high stock he wore around his jowls, James Buchanan was the only President who never married. James A. Buchanan 1791-1868 - 1857-1861 EA Dec. 11, 1816, Lancaster Lodge #43, Lancaster, PA, FC MM 1817, Junior Warden 1821-1822, Master 1825, exalted in Royal Arch Chapter # 43, in 1826, Deputy Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania 1 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 15. A ndrew Johnson 17th President - April 15, 1865 to March 4, 1869 Rising point WINTER 2011 1
  • 16. Born in Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1808, Johnson grew up in poverty. He was apprenticed to a tailor as a boy, but ran away. He opened a tailor shop in Greeneville, Tennessee, married Eliza McCardle, and participated in debates at the local Andrew Johnson 1808-1875 - 1865-1869 academy. EA, FC, MM, in Greeneville Lodge No. 119 now #3 at Greeneville, Tenn. in 1851, probably a member of Greeneville Chapter #82, Royal Arch Masons, since he joined Nashville Commandery of Knights Templar #1 in 1859. He received the Scottish Rite degrees in the White House in 1867 1 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 17. J ames 20th President - March 4 , 1881 to September 19, 1881 Garfield Rising point WINTER 2011 1
  • 18. As the last of the log cabin Presidents, James A. Garfield attacked political corruption and won back for the Presidency a measure of prestige it had lost during the Reconstruction James A. Garfield 1831-1881 period. EA FC Magnolia Lodge #20, Columbus, Ohio, MM Columbus Lodge #3O, 1864, Affiliated with Garrettsville Lodge #246 in 1866, Affiliated with Pentalpha Lodge #23 Washington, D. C. as charter member in 1869. Exalted in Columbus Royal Arch Chapter 1866, and Knight Templar 1866, 14th Degree Scottish Rite 1872 18 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 19. W illiam McKinley 24th President - March 4 , 1897 to September 14, 1901 Rising point WINTER 2011 1
  • 20. At 34, McKinley won a seat in Congress. His attractive personality, exemplary character, and quick intelligence enabled him to rise rapidly. He was appointed to the powerful Ways and Means Committee. Robert M. La Follette, Sr., who served with him, recalled that he generally “represented the newer view,” and “on the great new questions .. was generally on the side of the William McKinley 1843-1901 public and against private interests.” 1897-1901 is sometimes said to have received EA, FC, MM, in Hiram Lodge #10 in Winchester, West Virginia, in 1865, but William Moseley Brown is authority for the statement that this event took place in Hiram Lodge #21 at Win- chester, Virginia in that year. McKinley affiliated with Canton Lodge #60 at Canton, Ohio in 1867 and later became a charter member of Eagle Lodge #43. He received the Capitular degrees in Canton in 1883 and was made a Knight Templar in 1884 0 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 21. T heodore Roosevelt 25th President - September 14, 1901 to March 4, 1909 Rising point WINTER 2011 1
  • 22. He took the view that the President as a “steward of the people” should take whatever action necessary for the public good unless expressly forbidden by law or the Constitution.” I did not usurp power,” he wrote, “but I did greatly broaden Theodore Roosevelt 1858-1919 - 1901-1909 the use of executive power.” EA, FC, MM, in Matinecock Lodge #806, Oyster Bay, NY in 1901. Somewhat active, and very supportive of Freemasonry Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 23. W illiam 26th President - March 4 , 1909 to March 4, 1913 Taft Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 24. Born in 1857, the son of a distinguished judge, he graduated from Yale, and returned to Cincinnati to study and practice law. He rose in politics through Republican judiciary appointments, through his own competence and availability, and because, as he once wrote facetiously, he always had his “plate the right side up when offices were William H. Taft 1857-1930 - 1909-1913 falling.” EA Feb. 18, 1909, MM “Mason at Sight” in Kilwinning Lodge #356, Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1901?, Evidently, that made hirn a member at large, for the Grand Lodge issued him a demit and he became a member of that lodge. Somewhat active, and very supportive of Freemasonry Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 25. W arren Harding 28th President - March 4 , 1921 to August 2, 1923 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 26. Warren G. Harding declared, “America’s present need is not heroics, but healing; not nostrums, but normalcy; not revolution, but restoration; not agitation, but adjustment; not surgery, but serenity; not the dramatic, but the dispassionate; not experiment, but equipoise; not submergence in internationality, but Warren G. Harding 1865-1923 - 1921-1923 sustainment in triumphant nationality....” EA Lodge #7O, Marion, Ohio, Jun 28, 1901, received no other degree until after becoming U.S. President, FC MM in Marion Lodge #70 in 1920 (MM Aug. 27, 1920), Royal Arch Chapter degrees in Marion Chapter #62 in 1921; Knight Templar in Marion Commandery #36, in 1921, Scottish Rite and Shrine in 1921 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 27. F ranklin 31st President - March 4 , 1933 to April 12, 1945 Roosevelt Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 28. Assuming the Presidency at the depth of the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt helped the American people regain faith in themselves. He brought hope as he promised prompt, vigorous action, and asserted in his Inaugural Address, “the only thing Franklin D. Roosevelt 1882-1945 - 1933-1945 we have to fear is fear itself.” EA Oct 11, 1911, FC, MM, in Holland Lodge #8, New York City, in 1911, Scottish Rite in Albany Consistory 1929, Shrine in 1930. Somewhat active, and very supportive of Freemasonry 8 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 29. H arry Truman 32nd President - April 12, 1945, to 1953 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 30. Dangers and crises marked the foreign scene as Truman campaigned successfully in 1948. In foreign affairs he was already providing his most effective leadership. Harry S. Truman 1884-1972 - 1945-1953 EA Feb. 9, 1909, Belton Lodge #450, Grandview, Missouri, MM 1909. In 1911, Truman was the 1st WM of the new Grandview Lodge #618. Grand Master of Missouri 1940-1941. Very active and supportive of Freemasonry, Master of Missouri Lodge of Research while U.S. President, Masonic Ritualist, district lecturer and deputy Grand Master for several years, he died December 26, 1972, buried with Masonic rites in Independence, MO, in televised ceremony. 0 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 31. L 36th President - 1963, to 1969 yndon B. Johnson Lyndon B. Johnson was initiated on October 30, 1937 in Johnson City Lodge No. 561, at Johnson City, Texas, but completed only the Entered Apprentice, or first, of the three Masonic degrees. He was a Freemason in the sense that he took the Entered Apprentice, or 1st Degree, but did not continue to the 2nd and 3rd degrees. Some would consider him to have been a Freemason, but others would not. “A Great Society” for the American people and their fellow men elsewhere was the vision of Lyndon B. Johnson. In his first years of office he obtained passage of one of the most extensive legislative programs in the Nation’s history. Maintaining collective security, he carried on the rapidly growing struggle to restrain Communist encroachment in Viet Nam. Photo Credit: Photo Credit: LBJ Library photo by Yoichi Okamoto - Public Domain LBJ Library photo by Arnold Newman - Public Domain Rising point WINTER 2011 1
  • 32. G erald R. Thirty-eighth President (1974-1977) Ford MASONIC RECORD Initiated: September 30, 1949, Malta Lodge No. 465, Grand Rapids, Michigan, along with his half-brothers Thomas Gardner Ford (1918-1995), Richard Addison Ford (1924- ) and James Francis Ford (1927- ). The Fellowcraft and Master Mason Degrees were Conferred by Columbia Lodge No. 3, Washington, D.C., on April 20 and May 18, 1951, as a courtesy to Malta Lodge. Brother Ford was made a Sovereign Grand Inspector General, 33°, and Honorary Member, Supreme Council A.A.S.R. Northern Jurisdiction at the Academy of Music in Philadelphia, on September 26, 1962, for which he served as Exemplar (Representative) for his Class. Brother and President Ford was unanimously elected an Active Member of the International Supreme Council, Order of DeMolay and its Honorary Grand Master, at its Annual Session held at Orlando, Florida, April 6- 9, 1975; Brother Ford held this post until January 1977, at which time he became a Past Honorary Grand Master, receiving his Collar and Jewel on October 24, 1978 in Topeka, Kansas, from the Hon. Thomas C. Raum, Jr., Grand Master, Order of DeMolay. http://www.pagrandlodge.org/mlam/presidents/ford.html Lithographic copy of an engraving of U.S. President Gerald R. Ford by the staff of the U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing. - http://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/avproj/portraits.asp When Gerald R. Ford took the oath of office on August 9, 1974, he declared, “I assume the Presidency under extraordinary circumstances.... This is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our hearts.” Ford was confronted with almost insuperable tasks. There were the challenges of mastering inflation, reviving a depressed economy, solving chronic energy shortages, and trying to ensure world peace. Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 33. The ManuscripT Found in saragossa Jan Potocki (1761 – 1815) lived a life hole down which the Masonic reader will, at times, feel he that reads more like fiction than fact. is witnessing a series of obscure Ecosais degrees. Its 66 A Polish nobleman, army officer, stories are by turn humorous, picaresque, erotic, gothic, and novice Knight of Malta, ethnologist, esoteric. Many incidents and characters call to mind the linguist, early balloonist, and world cards from the Tarot’s Major Arcana. Even the protagonist, traveler, he is without question one Van Worden, is left to wonder whether he hasn’t been caught of the most intriguing figures of his up in a vast conspiracy, the substance of which is always age. Yet there is more to Potocki, just beyond his grasp: including some rather dark rumors …I recognized the ill-starred gallows of Zoto’s too. Potocki had a keen interest in brothers. The sight of this made me curious. I the occult and was an acquaintance hastened down and indeed came to the foot of of Alessandro Cagliostro (into whose the gallows from which the two hanged men were suspended. elaborate Egyptian-styled Masonry I looked away and sadly climbed back to camp. he may have been initiated). Potocki’s two marriages ended The gypsy chief asked me where I had been. I in accusations of incest. Thereafter, Potocki retreated to his replied that I had been down to the gallows of estate where he is said to have committed suicide with a Zoto’s two brothers. silver bullet he fashioned from a sugar bowl handle - a gift ‘Where are they,’ asked the gypsy. from his mother – which he had blessed by his priest. ‘What do you mean,’ I replied. ‘Are they in the Potocki wrote several travelogues documenting his habit of absenting themselves?’ adventures. He also left a novel, originally written in French, ‘Often,’ said the gypsy, ‘especially at night.’ titled The Manuscript Found in Saragossa (1814). A literary These few words made me very pensive. I found nesting doll, the book is a collection of interwoven stories myself once again in the neighborhood of those adopting a variety styles and conceits. The “manuscript” is damned ghosts and whether or not they were vampires or had been used to persecute me, I said to have been found by a French military officer who, believed that I had much to fear from them. I following his capture, is presented with a translated copy of was morose for the rest of the day, did not eat the work. Superficially, it is the diary and recollections of supper and went to bed, where I dreamed of a young army captain in the Walloon Guards who has been vampires, phantoms, nightmares, spectres and called to Madrid for a new posting. While en route, this hanged men. Alphonse van Worden is separated from his companions Potocki’s Manuscript is meant to entertain rather than and forced to take refuge in an abandoned hostelry. Here illuminate. It deservedly draws comparisons with The he meets two beautiful Muslim princesses who may, or may Arabian Nights, Canterbury Tales, and Decameron. not be, the ghosts of two recently hung bandits, the Zoto Whether The Manuscript constitutes “Masonic” literature, brothers. Bound by his strict code of honor, if not chastity, on the other hand, is up to the reader to decide. But be the young soldier’s word is repeatedly tried and tested as forewarned, there will be as many twists and turns to reach he encounters the Inquisition, a religious hermit, bandits, that conclusion as there are in the book itself. cabalists, gypsies, a mathematician, the “Wandering Jew,” and a mysterious Muslim sheik that controls the lonely Jan Potocki, The Manuscript Found in Saragossa, trans. by Ian Spanish countryside where the story takes place. Mclean (Penguin Books 1996, $ 17.00 USD) The Manuscript Found in Saragossa is a delicious rabbit Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 34. INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY Haunted CHambers: the Lives of early Women Freemasons In April 2010, the Grand Orient of France, the largest and oldest Masonic jurisdiction For the in continental Europe, ruled that women can be initiated as full members of its lodges. First time While this decision is of limited importance to regular Masonry (such jurisdictions having ever, the most severed ties with the Grand Orient of France in 1877 over its admitting atheists), it is complete stories nevertheless historic. Women, for the first time in more than four hundred years, are oF early women being admitted directly into our mysteries. Or so we have been lead to believe. Such Freemasons milestones are rarely so simple. Karen Kidd’s Haunted Chambers: the Lives of Early Women Freemasons has two apparent goals. First, to demonstrate that women have already had a share, albeit a small one, in regular Masonry since its inception. Second, that female Freemasons, possessing the same abilities and Masonic passions as their male counterparts, deserve to enjoy full recognition and acceptance by all-male lodges. Kidd acknowledges the meagerness of her source material, yet manages to build some interesting biographical sketches of women who claimed Masonic affiliation with regular Masonry. Her plea for full female recognition, on the other hand, is another matter altogether. Kidd contends that mainstream Masonic histories unfairly conceal the existence of female craft masons when discussing the Fraternity’s origins. She notes that the “Old Charges,” being a body of some hundred or so early manuscripts, contain numerous references to women, including the use of the word “Dame” in some texts as the equivalent of “Master.” Of particular interest is York MS No. 4 (dated 1693): The one of the elders takeing the Booke and that hee or shee that is to be made mason shall lay their hands on thereon, and the charge shall be given. Kid also provides examples of women operative apprentices and men being assigned to female masters as late as the early 18th century. So why, ponders Kidd, were women excluded from speculative Masonry? Regrettably, there is no certain answer to this question. Andersen and Desaguliers made the injunction explicit in Masonry in 1726. Kidd, in a nutshell, believes it was because 18th century women were not “free” under the law and moral codes of their day and that women posed a sexual threat of INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY - WWW.BONIsTEELML.ORG Page 1 Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 35. www.bonisteelml.org www.bonisteelml.org INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY scandal for speculative lodges making a breakbreak their operative origins. scandal for speculative lodges making a from from their operative origins. Haunted Chambers also contains a catalogue of women alleged to have have breached regular Masonry’s gender Haunted Chambers also contains a catalogue of women alleged to breached regular Masonry’s gender barrier. The number, it should be noted, is little more more a handful and several strainstrain credulity. three three are barrier. The number, it should be noted, is little than than a handful and several credulity. Only Only are generally accepted to have have been initiated - Elizabeth St. Leger Aldworth (1712), Henriette Heinken (1795), and generally accepted to been initiated - Elizabeth St. Leger Aldworth (1712), Henriette Heinken (1795), and Helene, Countess HadikHadik Barkoczy (1875) – having drawn particular notice and either recognition or censure from Helene, Countess Barkoczy (1875) – having drawn particular notice and either recognition or censure from their local Masonic communities. The others constitute an array array of eavesdroppers like Elizabeth Aldworth, their local Masonic communities. The others constitute an of eavesdroppers who, who, like Elizabeth Aldworth, may or may not have have been regularly initiated, two early “adoptive” masons, a transvestite (who, being a man, may or may not been regularly initiated, two early “adoptive” masons, a transvestite (who, being a man, really really oughtn’t count), and one or two more whose Masonic pedigrees persist more in the realm of legend rather oughtn’t count), and one or two more whose Masonic pedigrees persist more in the realm of legend rather than historical fact. It is also clear that none,none, otherperhaps Elizabeth Aldworth, was ever permitted to enter enter than historical fact. It is also clear that other than than perhaps Elizabeth Aldworth, was ever permitted to a regular lodgelodge again. a regular again. Karen Kidd is a member of a co-Masonic lodgelodgeHaunted Chambers, a littleatoo frequently, readsreads more like Karen Kidd is a member of a co-Masonic and and Haunted Chambers, little too frequently, more like a polemic against gender exclusivity in regular Masonry than a straightforward history. ThereThere is no reason a polemic against gender exclusivity in regular Masonry than a straightforward history. is no reason to question her or any woman’s commitment to Masonic idealsidealsprinciples. They Theyafter all, universal. to question her or any woman’s commitment to Masonic and and principles. are, are, after all, universal. But speculative Masonry, regardless of operative masonry’s actual traditions, was established as anas an all-male But speculative Masonry, regardless of operative masonry’s actual traditions, was established all-male organization. And there there need not be anything sinister or controversial in this fact. During an age of clubs, men organization. And need not be anything sinister or controversial in this fact. During an age of clubs, men liked to organize socially as men. men. we still do. Let thosethosewish pursue co-Masonry, adoptive Masonry, or liked to organize socially as And And we still do. Let who who wish pursue co-Masonry, adoptive Masonry, or female lodges do so. They They do not need our permission, nor is there any reason for regular Masonry to recognize female lodges do so. do not need our permission, nor is there any reason for regular Masonry to recognize them.them.enough that we have our traditions and they have theirs. It is It is enough that we have our traditions and they have theirs. Haunted Chambers contains somesomeinteresting and useful material. It is a It is a shame that did not discuss Haunted Chambers contains very very interesting and useful material. shame that Kidd Kidd did not discuss the advent of eithereither co-Masonry or female Masonry. Women being barred regular Masonry, it wouldwould the advent of co-Masonry or female Masonry. Women being barred from from regular Masonry, it have have been interesting to learn more about the development of these bodiestheir early early female champions. been interesting to learn more about the development of these bodies and and their female champions. Perhaps Kidd is leaving that to another book.book. I also point out that there there are two factual errors which caught Perhaps Kidd is leaving that to another I must must also point out that are two factual errors which caught my eye and which, I confess, irritated me (as they do in any non-fiction work). On p.On p. 64, refersrefers to “Ancient my eye and which, I confess, irritated me (as they do in any non-fiction work). 64, Kidd Kidd to “Ancient Mason Laurence Dermott,” author of Ahiman Rezon, as “Grand Master of Ireland.” Dermot was awas a Master Mason Laurence Dermott,” author of Ahiman Rezon, as “Grand Master of Ireland.” Dermot Past Past Master of an of anlodgelodge and Grand Secretary of the Ancient Grand Lodge of England 1752 1752 to 1771. Henevernever Irish Irish and Grand Secretary of the Ancient Grand Lodge of England from from to 1771. He was was Grand Master of theof the Grand Lodge of Ireland orjurisdiction. Also problematic is Kidd’s assertion on p. on p. 42 Grand Master Grand Lodge of Ireland or any any jurisdiction. Also problematic is Kidd’s assertion 42 concerning whether or notor not Elizabeth Alworth received rd degree in Masonry: concerning whether Elizabeth Alworth received the 3 the 3rd degree in Masonry: These Masonic historians seemseem not to know, forget, or ignore thethat what whatknown as as These Masonic historians not to know, forget, or ignore the fact fact that was was known “the Master’s Part” was not yet separated into its own degree from the Second Degree. The Third Third “the Master’s Part” was not yet separated into its own degree from the Second Degree. The Degree did not yet exist this early in thein the 18th Century. Degree did not yet exist this early 18th Century. Kidd is apparently unaware that the Trinity College, Dublin MS, dateddated 1711 (a BEFORE she suggests Kidd is apparently unaware that the Trinity College, Dublin MS, 1711 (a year year BEFORE she suggests Aldworth was initiated) demonstrates that in Ireland, at least, least, all three separate degrees were already being Aldworth was initiated) demonstrates that in Ireland, at all three separate degrees were already being worked. GivenGiven that Aldworth accidentally overheard the Fellowcraft Degree, there reason to assume that that worked. that Aldworth accidentally overheard the Fellowcraft Degree, there is no is no reason to assume she ever received any more more “light” in Masonry what whathad already improperly obtained, let alonealone be she ever received any “light” in Masonry than than she she had already improperly obtained, let be granted the Master Mason degree or be or be allowed in thein the East. On the contrary, common sense dictates she granted the Master Mason degree allowed to sit to sit East. On the contrary, common sense dictates she wouldwouldhave been been obligated as far as necessary to maintain secrecy. But this, like so muchmuch concerning only only have obligated as far as necessary to maintain secrecy. But all of all of this, like so concerning thesethese women Freemasons, is conjecture owingowing to the scant historical record. early early women Freemasons, is conjecture to the scant historical record. Karen Kidd, Haunted Chambers: the Lives of Early Women Women Freemasons (Cornerstone 2009,US). Website:Website: http://www.hauntedchambers.com Karen Kidd, Haunted Chambers: the Lives of Early Freemasons (Cornerstone 2009, $24.95 $24.95 US). http://www.hauntedchambers.com According to her web site, She was initiated into Freemasonry in AugustAugust into a Seattle, WA-based Lodge Lodge According to her web site, She was initiated into Freemasonry in 2006, 2006, into a Seattle, WA-based that works works the Honorable Order of American Co-Masonry, American Federation of Human Rights.Rights. The that under under the Honorable Order of American Co-Masonry, American Federation of Human The Honorable Order is based in Larkspur, CO, and was founded in the USthe the early 20th Century. She is She is also a Honorable Order is based in Larkspur, CO, and was founded in in US in the early 20th Century. also a member of the Honorable Order’s Lodge Lodge of Research, for she writtenwritten several architectures/research papers member of the Honorable Order’s of Research, for which which she several architectures/research papers and more are in the works.works. In March She was honored by many of Malecraft Brethren during during a ceremony and more are in the In March 2008, 2008, She was honored by many of Malecraft Brethren a ceremony in Machester, England. Karen Karen essay, “I am Regular”, won the WorldI have I any hopes for “Haunted in Machester, England. essay, “I am Regular”, won the World “If “If have any hopes for “Haunted AwardAward in Internet Lodge No 9659’sPaper’s competition. Internet Chambers”, it’s that the book gets to gets to in Internet Lodge No 9659’s Short Short Paper’s competition. Internet Chambers”, it’s that the book Lodge Lodge is a Lodge in Manchester England that works the UnitedUnited the readers who most want it.are is a Lodge in Manchester England that works under under the the readers who most want it. There There are Grand Grand Lodge of England. It’s biannualpapers papers competition attracts a quitefolks who will findwill find this book Lodge of England. It’s biannual short short competition attracts quite few and would rather this never a challenge a few folks who it book entrants the world over. She was the first Co-Mason and the first woman had been written.written. would rather itconvert a challenge and entrants the world over. She was the first Co-Mason and the first woman had been I’m not I’m notconvert out to out to never Freemason to win such an award in a contestcontest sponsored by a Lodge under anyone. Thoserather dismiss dismiss it out Freemason to win such an award in a sponsored by a Lodge under anyone. Those who’d who’d rather it out the UGLE. DuringDuring the ceremony, She was addressed as “Brother”of hand of hand aredo so.to do Iso. But there there the UGLE. the ceremony, She was addressed as “Brother” and and are free to free But know I know She received the award awardthe then Pro Grand Grand Master UGLE, are readers readers the want to want to know this She received the from from the then Pro Master of the of the UGLE, are whoThose are the readers to hope to really really know this history. history. are Those who readers I hope I the Most Hon the Marquess of Northampton. the Most Hon the Marquess of Northampton. reach.” reach.” Source: http://www.hauntedchambers.com/About__Biography_.html Source: http://www.hauntedchambers.com/About__Biography_.html INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY Page 2 Page 2 INTERNATIONAL MAsONIc REVIEW PUBLIsHED BY BONIsTEEL MAsONIc LIBRARY Rising point WINTER 2011
  • 36. The Book Review: if you want your book to be considered for a review, please send two copies. For more information please visit Bonisteel Masonic Library - “Rising Point” (www.bonisteelml.org) The reviews will published online of Bonisteel Masonic Library and in Rising Point at www.bonisteelml.org Please address packages to: Bonisteel Masonic Library - Rising Point 2520 Arrowwood Trl. Ann Arbor, Mi 48105 USA Rising point WINTER 2011