PARTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER

1. ALMIRAH S. ACRAMAN
MALE-English
PARTS OF
RESEARCH
Education 241
(Methods of Research in
Education)

2. I. What is Research?
Research is a systematic inquiry
that investigates hypotheses,
suggests new interpretations of
data or texts, and poses new
questions for future research to
explore.

3. II. Why conduct a research?

4. Slide Title
III. PARTS OF RESEARCH
12
1
3
6
9
10
8
2
1
1
4
57

5. • Title Page
• Approval Sheet
• Acknowledgement
• Dedication
• Abstract
• Table of Contents
• List of Tables and List of Figures
• The Title of the Study
1. The Preliminaries
1

6. • The abstract is a short summary of the entire
paper.
• This includes goals and objectives, results,
and conclusions. It is usually one of the last
parts of the paper to be written.
Abstract

7. Things to be considered in creating the title:
• signifies a very timely and significant contribution to
the needs of an agency;
• adequately conveys what the study is all about;
• indicates the major variables covered;
• expresses the key ideas or concepts expected to be
contained in the research outcome; and
• gives an indication of the research method used
The Title of the Study

8. 1. Rationale
A. Introduction/ Background of the Study
Purpose of the Study
B. Theoretical Framework
C. Conceptual Framework
D. Statement of the Problem/ Research Questions
E. Research Hypothesis
F. Scope and Limitations/ Delimitations of the Study
G. Definition of Terms
2. CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
2

9. 1. Rationale
A. Introduction/ Background of the Study
This includes purpose and reason behind
the conduct of the study.
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

10. Significance of the Study
Purpose/ Objective of the Study
A statement of "why" the study is being
conducted, or the goal of the study. The goal
of a study might be to identify or describe a
concept or to explain or predict a situation or
solution to a situation that indicates the type
of study to be conducted (Beckingham, 1974).
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

11. B. Theoretical Framework
A brief discussion of the theory your
quantitative research study is investigating,
or a brief discussion of the theoretical
perspective of your qualitative research.
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

12. C. Conceptual Framework
This consists of concepts (and their
relationships) on which the study is anchored.
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

13. D. Statement of the Problem
A statement of the problem is a claim
of one or two sentences in length that
outlines the problem addressed by a
study.
“What is the problem that the research
will address?”
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

14. E. Research Hypotheses
A research hypothesis is the statement
created by researchers when they speculate
upon the outcome of a research or
experiment.
“A hypothesis can be defined as a tentative
explanation of the research problem, a
possible outcome of the research, or an
educated guess about the research
outcome.” (Sarantakos, 1993: 1991)
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

15. E. Research Hypotheses
NULL HYPOTHESES (H0 or HN)
The null hypothesis represents atheory that has
been put forward, either because it is believed to
be true or because it is to be used as a basis for
argument, but has not been proved.
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESES (H1 or HA)
Has serious outcome if incorrect decision is made.
The alternative hypothesis is a statement of what a
hypothesis test is set up to establish.
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

16. F. Scope and Limitations/ Delimitations of
the Problem
Limitations are those conditions beyond the
researcher's control that may put restrictions
on the conclusions of the study and their
application to other situations.
Delimitations refer to the boundaries of the
study and are subject to the researcher's
control.
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

17. G. Definition of Terms
The part which defines technical terms based
on how they are used in the study, specifically
in the title.
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

18. 3

19. A. Review of Related Literature
A literature review is an account of what has
been published on a topic by accredited
scholars and researchers.
This includes books, journals, monographs,
magazines, encyclopedia and other
publications.
3. CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
4

20. 1. Review of Related Literature
• information seeking: the ability to scan
the literature efficiently, using manual or
computerized methods, to identify a set
of useful articles and books
• critical appraisal: the ability to apply
principles of analysis to identify unbiased
and valid studies
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
5

21. 2. Review of Related Studies
These are studies, inquiries, or investigations
already conducted to which the present
proposed study is related or has some bearing
or similarity.
These cover unpublished materials such as
manuscripts, theses, and dissertations.
They may be classified as Local or Foreign
Studies.
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
6

22. A. The Research Design
B. Research Environment/ Locale of the Study
C. Sources of Data/ Respondents of the Study
D. Sampling Procedure
E. Data Collection/Data-Gathering Procedure
F. Research Instruments
G. Statistical Treatment
4. CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
7

23. A. Research Design
This refers to the overall strategy that you
choose to integrate the different
components of the study in a coherent and
logical way, thereby, ensuring that the
research problem will be effectively
addressed.
It constitutes the blueprint for the collection,
measurement, and analysis of data.
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

24. B. Research Environment/ Locale of The
Study
This part presents the detailed description
of the place where the study is conducted.
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

25. C. Sources of Data/ Respondents of the
Study
Target population and the sample that will be
used for generalizing about the target
population.
This includes the demographics of the
respondents/subjects.
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

26. D. Sampling Procedure
This section describes how the subjects or the
respondents are selected from a target
population through a step-by-step
procedure on how the sample size is
determined.
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

27. E. Data Collection
This section will operationalize the variables
to be included in the proposed evaluation.
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

28. F. Research Instruments
Instrument is the generic term that
researchers use for a measurement device
(survey, test, questionnaire, etc.).
Instrument is the device and
instrumentation is the course of action (the
process of developing, testing, and using
the device).
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

29. G. Statistical Treatment
Statistical analysis is at the heart of most
experiments.
Statistical treatment of data is essential in
order to make use of the data in the right
form.
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

30. A. Results and Findings
B. Summary
C. Conclusions
D. Implications
E. Recommendations
4. CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION OF DATA
8

31. A. Results and Findings
This section presents and sicusses the results
and findings of the study in a systematic
and in an unbiased way.
CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION OF DATA

32. B. Summary of Findings
This summarizes the interpretation of data
given in Chapter 4. These should directly
answer your statement of the problem.
C. Conclusions
This provides the answers for every
statement of the problem. This is where you
will prove your hypotheses and assumptions.
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

33. D. Implications
These are the meanings of the conclusions
for the body of knowledge, theory, and
practice.
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

34. E. Recommendations
• This should be directly based on the
significance of the study.
• This includes the recommended actions
that should be done after the conduct of
the study such as further assessment of
the subject, focus on other factors, etc.
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

35. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize
the collected data and the statistical
treatment, and/or mechanics, of analysis.
5. CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION OF DATA

36. 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY
This lists the different references used in the
study such as books, encyclopedias, dictionaries,
journals, magazines, periodicals, theses and
dissertations (published or unpublished), legal
bases (Republic Act, Presidential Decree,
Memorandum Order, Laws), and websites.

37. 7. Appendices
This includes pertinent papers and materials
related to the study, such as the authorization
letter, letter of transmittal, the research
instruments, statistical breakdowns, the
curriculum vitae or biographical sketch.

38. Barad, D. What, Why and How The Literature Review. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/
dilipbarad/literature-review-review-of-related-literature-research-methodology
Fischer, A.S. Writing Chapter 3: Methodology. Nova Southeastern University School of Education.
Retrieved from http://education.nova.edu/Resources/uploads/app/35/ files/arc_doc/writing_
chpt3_qualitative_research_methods.pdf
Literature review. (2017, January 31). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 03:01, February 12,
2017, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Literature_review&oldid=762841559
Methodology. (2017, February 10). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 03:01, February 11,
2017, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Methodology&oldid=764732136
Milford, T. 2013. Writing Chapters 4 & 5 of the Research Study. Northern Carribean University. Retrieved
from http://cel.ncu.edu.jm/Portals/0/Lunchtime%20Seminar%20Chapters%204%
20&%205%20(1).pdf
Pajares, F. (2007). Elements of a proposal.
Prado, N.I. et al. 2014. Research Methods. CMU IMDC.
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2017, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Research_paper&oldid=736747339
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References